The commentator said the news that the price of gold again

[1] Review the following prepositions denoting time. Note the words and phrases they are used with. At

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to lie in bed (the sun, the shade)

to lie on the ground (the beach, the floor, deck, one’s back, one’s stomach)

to lie back in an armchair

to lay sth aside, to lay aside money

to lay a cable (carpet, trap for sb), linoleum, rails

to lay the table

to lay eggs
1. Fill in the gaps using the verbs ‘lie’ and ‘lay’ in the proper form.

1. What is the meaning of the saying ‘Let sleeping dogs – ‘? 2. Translate the proverb ‘Do not kill a goose that – the golden eggs’. 3. Why is Daniel – aside money? 4. Why did Agatha – the table for two persons only? 5. What did the commentator – emphasis on? 6. They – a trap for George and he fell into it. 7. » – down, Fido,» the boy said to the dog. 8. Harry – on the beach too long and had a touch of the sun. 9. The day was hot, the animals were – in the shade. 10. The road is up: they are – a cable or something. 11. They – a wreath at the monument to the Unknown Warrior. 12. – the book aside and listen to me.

2. Say it in English.

1. Отложи книгу в сторону, я хочу поговорить с тобой. 2. Доктор сказал, чтобы больной лежал на спине. 3. Когда пришли гости, стол был уже накрыт. 4. Не лежите долго на солнце. 5. Они прокладывали этот кабель уже целый месяц.

The verb rise (rose, risen) is irregular and intran­sitive. The verb raise (raised, raised) is regular and transitive.

The verb arouse (aroused, aroused) is regular and transitive and is used in the figurative sense, with nouns denoting feelings and emotions.

Eg The temperature (blood pressure, rent, taxes, cost of pro­duction, sun, curtain) rose. The standard of living (train­ing, education) rose.

His spirits (sb’s wages, labour productivity) rose.

to rise (to one’s feet)

to rise to defend one’s country (freedom, inde­pendence)

to rise in sb’s esteem
to raise one’s head (eyes, eyebrows, hand, hat, glass, voice)

to raise a question (curtain, bridge)

to raise the standard of living (training, education), (the) taxes, the rent, spending on sth, public spending, la­bour productivity

to raise money for sth

to raise sb’s wages (cultural level, prestige)/

to arouse sb’s anger (indignation, suspic­ion, curiosity, criticism)
1. Answer the questions using the verbs ‘rise’, ‘raise’ and ‘arouse’.

Eg The prices grew, didn’t they?

Yes, the prices rose considerably.
1. It has become warmer, hasn’t it? 2. The taxes got higher, didn’t they? 3. Max’s words made you angry, didn’t they? 4. Jack got suspicious, didn’t he? 5. The standard of education has become higher. What do you think? 6. The rent was increased, wasn’t it? 7. Martin lifted his hat to greet Mrs Brewster, didn’t you see it? 8. The question shouldn’t come up again. Don’t you think so? 9. Mr Woods will get indignant if he hears it, won’t he? 10. Your opinion of Mr Harlow has changed, hasn’t it?
2. Say it in English.

1. Одной из задач российского радио и телевиде­ния является повышение культурного уровня населения. 2. Уровень подготовки переводчиков стал намного выше (значительно возрос). 3. «Если вы хотите задать вопрос, поднимите руку», – сказал преподаватель. 4. Ме­тод эффективен: в результате его применения произ­водительность труда значительно возрастет. 5. Тауэрский мост может быть разведен (поднят), давая возможность пройти большим кораблям. 6. Когда вчера взошло солнце? 7. Занавес поднялся, и спектакль на­чался. 8. Хозяин встал, поднял бокал и предложил тост. 9. Хорошо, что вы подняли этот вопрос. 10. Когда он услышал это, настроение его поднялось.

1. Unlike their Russian equivalents the_yerbs ask (просить), allow, order, advise (when fol­lowed by the infinitive), tell, inform, remind, enable and fail are used with a personal object. The person that may only be implied in the Russian sentence should always be mentioned in the English one.

Eg Она попросила по­мочь ей.

She asked me (him, us, etc) to help her.

Он не разрешает говорить об этом.

Не doesn’t allow me (him, us, etc) to speak about it.

Он приказал выйти из палаты.

Не ordered everybody (the visitors, etc) to leave the ward.

Она посоветовала не откладывать этот визит.

She advised me (us, etc) not to put off the visit.

Он сказал, что не приедет.

Не told us (her, etc) that he wouldn’t come.

Он не сообщил о сво­их планах.

He didn’t inform us about his plans.

Природа здесь напо­минает Девоншир.

The countryside reminds one of Devonshire.

Это даст возможность улучшить результаты.

It will enable us (them, etc) to improve the results,

He беспокойтесь, он не подведет.

Don’t worry, he won’t fail you (us, etc).

The commander ordered them (his men, etc) to blow up the bridge.

2. If the person is not specified, the pattern object + passive infinitive is used after allow and the pattern object + passive infinitive or a clause with the verb in the subjunctive mood is used after order.

Eg Он не разрешает читать свои письма.

Не doesn’t allow his letters to be read.

The commander ordered the bridge to be blown up.

The commander ordered that the bridge should be blown up.
1. Say it in English.

1. Куда Флоренс советует поехать летом? 2. Что вы советуете подарить Эгнес на день рождения? 3. Ска­жите, что он за человек. 4. Мистер Флинт разрешил изменить заглавие статьи. 5. Сестра не разрешает брать свои книги. 6. Инспектор Холл приказал начать рас­следование немедленно. 7. Профессор дал распоряжение (приказал) отложить операцию. 8. Скажите, чтобы он подождал. 9. Если Мэгги спросит, скажите, что я позвоню ей на работу. 10. Почему вы не сообщили о своем решении раньше? 11. Мистер Джоунз сообщил о своих намерениях слишком поздно. 12. Книга напоминает романы Диккенса. 13. Город напоминает Венецию. 14. Мисс Саунд кого-то напоминает. Не могу вспом­нить кого.
After the verbs demand and suggest use a clause with the verb in the subjunctive mood, do not use the infinitive.

Они потребовали (предложили) пересмотреть решение.

They demanded (suggested) that the decision should be revised.

Demand is followed by an infinitive if the action of demand and the action of the infinitive refer to one and the same person.

Eg He demanded to see the manager. = He wanted to see the manager and he demanded it.

He demanded to be intro­duced to her. = He wanted to be introduced and he demanded it.

Note the way the following sentences should be translated:

Ему предложили хоро­ший план.

А good plan was suggested to him.

Ему предложили возглавить делегацию.

It was suggested that he should head the delegation.
1. Ask why-questions. Use the verbs ‘demand’ and ‘suggest’.

Eg «The matter should be put to the vote, that is my suggestion,» said Mr Hunt.

Why did Mr Hunt suggest that the matter should be put to the vote?
1. «Do the exercise all over again,» demanded the teacher. 2. «Don’t write in pencil,» said the teacher to the students. 3. «Let’s make a tour of the city in the morning,» suggested the guide. 4. «You had better call him up at the office,» said Ann. 5. «Write her at this address,» suggested Michael.
2. Ask questions and answer them. Use the verbs ‘demand’, ‘suggest’ and ‘order’.

Eg They went to France by way of Hungary.

«They went to France by way of Hungary, didn’t they?»

«It was Helen who suggested that they should go to France by way of Hungary.»
1. Inspector Brown was put in charge of the case. 2. Paul wrote an application for admission. 3. Jane rang up the Lost and Found Department. 4. We wrote him care of Mrs Graves. 5. Paragraph five was amended. 6. Point six was deleted. 7. The name was crossed out. 8. The reporter toned down his article.
3. Say it in English.

1. Британские профсоюзы требуют национализиро­вать все основные отрасли промышленности. 2. Ученый потребовал повторить эксперимент. 3. Все потребовали отложить собрание. 4. Они потребовали обсудить вы­ступление мистера Брука. 5. Редактор предложил из­менить заглавие. 6. Мистер Стэнли предложил утвердить решение. 7. Мистеру Дэнлопу было предложено прокомментировать это сообщение. 8. Было предложено поставить этот вопрос на голосование. 9. Режиссер предложил мисс Грей сыграть главную роль в новом фильме. 10. Продавец предложил покупателю зайти в конце недели.

1. Unlike its Russian equivalent ‘повторять’ the verb to repeat is followed by a direct object.

Eg Что вы сказали, пов­торите, пожалуйста.

What did you say? Repeat it, please.

You are repeating yourself.

Note. ‘Повторять пройденный материал’ is to re­view sth.

Eg to review a rule (paragraph, lesson).
2. The Russian reflexive verbs ‘пугаться’, ‘оби­жаться’, ‘убеждаться’, ‘смущаться’, ‘удивлять­ся’, ‘разочаровываться’, ‘сбываться’, ‘осуществ­ляться’, ‘оставаться (в остатке)’ are rendered in English by the passive construction.

Eg to be (get) frightened (offended, convinced, embar­rassed, surprised, disappointed, realized); to be left.

Ее мечты сбылись. Her hopes were realised.

Она обиделась. She got offended.

Сколько времени осталось? How much time is left?
3. Note the absence of the reflexive pronoun after the verbs to feel (in the pattern to feel + adjective) and to behave.

Cf Она чувствовала себя прекрасно (плохо, неловко).

She felt fine (bad, awkward).

Он вел себя странно.

He behaved strangely.

Она вела себя так, как будто была хозяйкой дома.

She behaved as if she were the mistress of the house.

Note. Behave oneself means ‘behave properly, show good manners’ (usually about children).
4. With the verb to revenge when the person is mentioned, use the reflexive pronoun.

Eg Он поклялся отомстить своему врагу.

Не swore to revenge himself upon his enemy.

1. Мальчик испугался и убежал. 2. Не обижайтесь. 3. До отхода поезда осталось пять минут, 4. Де­вочка смутилась. 5. Он убедился, что все это правда. 6. Мы уже повторили этот материал. 7. Я не слы­шал, что вы сказали. Повторите, пожалуйста. 8. Она ведет себя так, как будто всегда права. 9. Он чувст­вовал себя неловко. 10. Билл сказал, что отомстит ей за эти слова. 11. Я рад, что ваши планы осу­ществились. 12. Не повторяйтесь.

1. The verb to risk is transitive. After it use a noun (pronoun) or a gerund

Eg to risk one’s life (reputation, health, career, fortune).

to risk climbing a mountain (crossing a river).

to risk being punished (expelled, fired, killed).

Cf He рискуйте жизнью.

Don’t risk your life.

Я рискнул позвонить мистеру Батлеру.

I risked calling up Mr Butler.

Note. Very often the idea ‘рисковать’ is expressed with the help of the phrases to take a chance, to take chances.

I’ll take a chance.

Don’t take chances.

Мы не можем рис­ковать.

We can’t take (any) chances.

Не рискуйте по-глу­пому.

Don’t take any fool­ish chances.

2. The verb to envy as distinct from the Russian ‘завидовать’ may be used both intransitively and transitively.

Eg Я завидую вам.

Я завидую вашему здоровью (ее силе во­ли, его везению)

I envy your good health (her will power, his luck).

The verb to envy can be used with two objects. This pattern corresponds usually to the Russian complex sentence.

Eg I envy him his job (his well-behaved chil­dren, his relatives).

Я завидую тому, что у него такая работа (такие вос­питанные дети, такие родст­венники).

Note the difference:

I envy his friends.

Я завидую его друзьям.

I envy him his friends.

Я завидую тому, что у него такие друзья.

The idea of being unhappy because of somebody’s better fortune, health, etc. may be expressed by the adjective jealous.

Eg She envies you your success. = She is jealous of your success.

The specific use of to be jealous is ‘ревновать ко­го-л.’.

Note the way the following is expressed in English:

Он ревнует свою жену.

Не keeps a jealous eye on his wife.

Он ревнует свою жену к Майклу.

Не is jealous of Michael.

Что касается Мэри, он ревнует ее ко всем.

As for Mary he is jealous of everybody.
1. Say it in English.

1 Роберт рисковал жизнью ради вас. 2. Не рискуйте своим добрым именем (своей репутацией). 3. Дэвид понимал, что рискует потерять все, но не перестал бороться 4. Он рискует быть исключенным. 5. Ситуа­ция была благоприятная, и Питер решил рискнуть 6. Не рискуйте. 7. Мистер Браун никогда не рискует. 8. Мы не можем рисковать, все должно быть тщательно про­верено 9 Джон завидует вашему успеху. 10. Завидую тому, что у вас такие друзья. 11. Можно ли до­биться чего-нибудь, не рискуя? 12. Напрасно вы испыты­ваете чувство ревности по отношению к Робину. Он совершенно не обращает внимания на вашу жену.

Review the general meaning of a) the Indefinite tenses; b) the Continuous tenses; c) the Perfect tenses; d) the Perfect Continuous tenses. Consult a textbook on English Grammar.
1. Identify the forms of the verbs ‘discuss’, ‘paint’, ‘change’.

was discussing, will have painted, will have been changed, have been discussing, was being painted, have changed, have been changed
2. Give the forms of the verbs ‘repair’ and ‘type’ as required.

the Present Continuous (active and passive), the Present Perfect (active and passive), the Future Indefinite (passive), the Present Perfect Continuous (active)

1. The verb to be has no Perfect Continuous form, the Perfect form is used instead.

Eg He has been ill since Monday.

She has been here since morning.

How long have they been away?
2. Verbs in the passive voice have no Perfect Continuous form, the Perfect form is used instead.

Eg Они ремонтируют дорогу с марта

They have been repairing the road since March.

Английский пожалуйста помогите

Ex.1. Choose the proper tense form of the verb and translate the sentences.
1.He said the story (is, was) very interesting. 2.He told her that many of the students (will go, would go) to the football match the following day. 3. My friend says he always (has supported, had supported) Dynamo. 4.The coach said that the British team (has come, had come) to take part in the competition the day before. 5.In a letter to my friend I wrote that I (am, was) very sorry he couldn’t come to Minsk for a holiday.6.Our coach told us that we (will play, would play)against the team from Moscow.

Ex.2. Transform direct speech into reported speech. Make the necessary changes and translate the sentences.
Model: He said: “Ted, I don’t remember your telephone number?
He said that he did not remember Ted’s telephone number.
1. The commentator said: “The score is 2:1 to Dynamo”. 2.He asked Mike: “Who won the last swimming event?” 3. “Was it a cup game?” Nick asked Mike. 4.She said: “Don’t book tickets for the plane. I have already booked them.” 5.The coach said: “Don’t come for the practice today”. 6.He said: “I have never seen anything like it.”

Ex3. Write questions 1-6 in reported speech. Begin: “She asked him …”

1. Do you know Minsk?

2. Where is the nearest bank?

3. Can you show me the way?

4. How much is a bus ticket?

5. What time do the banks open?

6. Is it far to Dynamo stadium?

Ex.1. Choose the proper tense form of the verb and translate the sentences.
1.He said the story was) very interesting. 2.He told her that many of the students would go) to the football match the following day. 3. My friend says he always (has supported Dynamo. 4.The coach said that the British team had come to take part in the competition the day before. 5.In a letter to my friend I wrote that I was very sorry he couldn’t come to Minsk for a holiday.6.Our coach told us that we would play against the team from Moscow.