General understanding what does the term computer describe ответы
General understanding what does the term computer describe ответы
TEXT 25. What is a computer?
The term computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements:
When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected — for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite — is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept information in the form instruction called a program and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in digital form.
After you read
Questions
1) What does the term «computer» describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are five components of computer system?
4) What is connectivity?
5) What is software? What’s the difference between hardware and software?
6) Why people are the most important component of a computer system?
7) In what way terms «data» and «information» differ?
8) How does computer convert data into information?
Tasks
1. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:
computer, diskette, metal, processor, scanner, information, data, microphones, printer, modem, Internet.
2. Which of the listed above statements are true/ false. Specify your answer using the text.
1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.
2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.
3) There are five elements of computer system: hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.
4) The manner in which computers are connected is the connectivity.
5) Without software instructions hardware doesn’t know what to do.
6) The software is the most important component because it is made by people.
7) The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.
8) Computer is used to help people in decision making process.
3. Match the following:
4) Information in the form of instruction is called a.
5) The manner in which the various individual systems are connected is.
7) The basic job of the computer is the.
c) processing of information
4. Questions for group discussion:
1) Why so many people are still «computer illiterate»?
2) What are the most important applications of computer? (Are computer games just a «waste of time» or it is a nice hobby and a lot of fun?)
3) Who has a computer in your group? Ask them what they use it for?
6. Translate the sentences into English.
1. Компьютер – это комбинация электронных и электромеханических компонентов.
2. Компьютер состоит из пяти элементов: железо, программное обеспечение, люди, процедура и информация.
3. Во многих случаях соединение становится шестым элементом системы.
4. Программное обеспечение – это набор инструкций для компьютера.
5. Основная задача компьютера – обработка информации.
Before you start
Work in groups and discuss the question.
1. What is software used for?
TEXT 26. Types of software
A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires Software — programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.
Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines the order in which these operations are performed.
Programs usually fall in one of two categories: systemsoftware and applications software.
System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aid in the operation of a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is first turned on, one of the systems programs is booted or loaded into the computers memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more. Once the system software is loaded, the applications software can be brought in.
System programs are designed for the specific pieces of hardware. These programs are called drivers and coordinate peripheral hardware and computer activities. User needs to install a specific driver in order to activate a peripheral device. For example, if you intend to buy a printer or a scanner you need to worry in advance about the driver program which, though, commonly goes along with your device. By installing the driver you «teach» your mainboard to «understand» the newly attached part.
Applications software satisfies your specific need. The developers of application software rely mostly on marketing research strategies trying to do their best to attract more users (buyers) to their software. As the productivity of the hardware has increased greatly in recent years, the programmers nowadays tend to include as much as possible in one program to make software interface look more attractive to the user. These class of programs is the most numerous and perspective from the marketing point of view.
Data communication within and between computers systems is handled by system software.Communications software transfers data from one computer system to another. These programs usually provide users with data security and error checking along with physically transferring data between the two computer’s memories. During the past five years the developing electronic network communication has stimulated more and more companies to produce various communication software, such as Web-Browsers for Internet.
After you read
Questions
1. What is software?
2. In what two basic groups software (programs) could be divided?
3. What is system software for?
4. What is an operating system — a system software or application software?
5. What is a «driver»?
6. What is application software?
7. What is application software used for?
8. What is the tendency in application software market in the recent years?
9. What is the application of the communication software?
Помогите ответить на вопросы в конце текста на английском. What is a computer? 21 The term computer is used to describe a devi
My Favourite Singer Is ALEKSEEV
I love music and I listen to different kinds of music, but my favourite singer is ALEKSEEV.
His real name is Nikita Alekseev. He is young and handsome and has a remarkable voice. Nikita rose to fame having participated in season four of the Voice of Ukraine in 2014 (his coach was Ani Lorak) and has gone on to be a rising star in Ukraine and the CIS. In 2015 Alekseev recorded his single “Pyanoe Solntse” (“Drunken Sun”), and this song became his big breakthrough. I have seen people cry when listening to this song!
When I first heard Alekseev, all other artists merged for me into something monotonous, unimpressive and uninteresting! Now I listen to his songs almost every day. He has a very beautiful lyrical tenor that is rare, different from other voices.
This singer seems to be sincere and kind. His voice conveys all the beauty of his soul, it attracts and fascinates! My favourite songs are «Snov Oskolki», «Drunken Sun», «Oma», «Forever».
Text A: «WHAT IS A COMPUTER?»
The termcomputer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself andis referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements:
When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected — for example, by phone lines,microwave transmission, or satellite — is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do.People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called aprogram andcharacters calleddatato perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data israw material whileinformation is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
Vocabulary:
characters — символы
data — данные
decision — решение
device — устройство
hardware — оборудование
instruction — команда
intelligence — разум
manner — манера, способ
microwave — микроволновая
procedures — процедуры, операции
purpose — цель
raw — необработанный, сырой
to come to life — оживать
to connect — соединять
to convert — превращать, преобразовывать
to create — создавать
to evaluate — оценивать
to refer to as — называть что-либо
to refine — очищать
to respond — отвечать
transmission — передача
various — различные
General understanding:
1) What does the term «computer» describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are five components of computer system?
4) What is connectivity?
5) What is software? What’s the difference between hardware and software?
6) Why people are the most important component of a computer system?
7) In what way terms «data» and «information» differ?
8) How does computer convert data into information?
Exercise 8.1. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:
computer, diskette, metal, processor, scanner, information, data, microphones, printer, modem, Internet.
Exercise 8.2. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.
2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.
3) There are five elements of computer system: hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.
4) The manner in which computers are connected is the connectivity.
5) Without software instructions hardware doesn’t know what to do.
6) The software is the most important component because it is made by people.
7) The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.
8) Computer is used to help people in decision making process.
Exercise 8.3. Match the following:
4) Information in the form of instruction is called a.
5) The manner in which the various individual systems are connected is.
7) The basic job of the computer is the.
c) processing of information
Exercise 8.4. Translate the text. Retell the text, using the vocabulary.
Exercise 8.5. Questions for group discussion:
1) Why so many people are still «computer illiterate»?
2) What are the most important applications of computer? (Are computer games just a «waste of time» or it is a nice hobby and a lot of fun?)
3) Who has a computer in your group? Ask them what they use it for?
Агабекян И.П., Коваленко П.И. Английский для технических вузов. I. Гласные звуки i, i. II. Text A About myself, Text B My Biography
UNIT8
COMPUTERS
I. Text A: «What is a computer?», Text B: «Hardware», Text C: «Types of software»
II. Famous people of science and engineering: Charles Babbage.
Text A: «WHAT IS A COMPUTER?»
The term computer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself and is referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements:
When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected — for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite — is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called a program and characters called data to perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data is raw material while information is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
manner — манера, способ
procedures — процедуры, операции
raw — необработанный, сырой
to come to life — оживать
to connect — соединять
to convert — превращать, преобразовывать
to create — создавать
to evaluate — оценивать
to refer to as — называть что-либо
to refine — очищать
to respond — отвечать
1) What does the term «computer» describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are five components of computer system?
4) What is connectivity?
5) What is software? What’s the difference between hardware and software?
6) Why people are the most important component of a computer system?
7) In what way terms «data» and «information» differ?
8) How does computer convert data into information?
Exercise 8.1. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:
computer, diskette, metal, processor, scanner, information, data, microphones, printer, modem, Internet.
Exercise 8.2. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.
2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.
3) There are five elements of computer system: hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.
4) The manner in which computers are connected is the connectivity.
5) Without software instructions hardware doesn’t know what to do.
6) The software is the most important component because it is made by people.
7) The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.
8) Computer is used to help people in decision making process.
Exercise 8.3. Match the following:
4) Information in the form of instruction is called a.
5) The manner in which the various individual systems are connected is.
7) The basic job of the computer is the.
c) processing of information
g) people
Exercise 8.4. Translate the text. Retell the text, using the vocabulary.
Exercise 8.5. Questions for group discussion:
1) Why so many people are still «computer illiterate»?
2) What are the most important applications of computer? (Are computer games just a «waste of time» or it is a nice hobby and a lot of fun?)
3) Who has a computer in your group? Ask them what they use it for?
Text A: «WHAT IS A COMPUTER?»
The termcomputer is used to describe a device made up of a combination of electronic and electromechanical (part electronic and part mechanical) components. Computer has no intelligence by itself andis referred to as hardware. A computer system is a combination of five elements:
When one computer system is set up to communicate with another computer system, connectivity becomes the sixth system element. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected — for example, by phone lines,microwave transmission, or satellite — is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. Without software instructions, the hardware doesn’t know what to do.People, however, are the most important component of the computer system: they create the computer software instructions and respond to the procedures that those instructions present.
The basic job of the computer is the processing of information. Computers accept information in the form of instruction called aprogram andcharacters calleddatato perform mathematical and logical operations, and then give the results. The data israw material whileinformation is organized, processed, refined and useful for decision making. Computer is used to convert data into information. Computer is also used to store information in the digital form.
Vocabulary:
characters — символы
data — данные
decision — решение
device — устройство
hardware — оборудование
instruction — команда
intelligence — разум
manner — манера, способ
microwave — микроволновая
procedures — процедуры, операции
purpose — цель
raw — необработанный, сырой
to come to life — оживать
to connect — соединять
to convert — превращать, преобразовывать
to create — создавать
to evaluate — оценивать
to refer to as — называть что-либо
to refine — очищать
to respond — отвечать
transmission — передача
various — различные
General understanding:
1) What does the term «computer» describe?
2) Is computer intelligent?
3) What are five components of computer system?
4) What is connectivity?
5) What is software? What’s the difference between hardware and software?
6) Why people are the most important component of a computer system?
7) In what way terms «data» and «information» differ?
8) How does computer convert data into information?
Exercise 8.1. Which of the listed below terms have Russian equivalents:
computer, diskette, metal, processor, scanner, information, data, microphones, printer, modem, Internet.
Exercise 8.2. Which of the listed above statements are true/false. Specify your answer using the text.
1) Computer is made of electronic components so it is referred to as electronic device.
2) Computer has no intelligence until software is loaded.
3) There are five elements of computer system: hardware, software, people, diskettes and data.
4) The manner in which computers are connected is the connectivity.
5) Without software instructions hardware doesn’t know what to do.
6) The software is the most important component because it is made by people.
7) The user inputs data into computer to get information as an output.
8) Computer is used to help people in decision making process.
Exercise 8.3. Match the following:
4) Information in the form of instruction is called a.
5) The manner in which the various individual systems are connected is.
7) The basic job of the computer is the.
c) processing of information
Exercise 8.4. Translate the text. Retell the text, using the vocabulary.
Exercise 8.5. Questions for group discussion:
1) Why so many people are still «computer illiterate»?
2) What are the most important applications of computer? (Are computer games just a «waste of time» or it is a nice hobby and a lot of fun?)
3) Who has a computer in your group? Ask them what they use it for?
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