If we had managed to repair our tv set earlier i that film

Переведите на русский язык

1. I wish the customers were not late s usual.

2. I wish the letter hadn’t been so long.

3. I wish you wouldn’t be slow.

4. I wish I could go to my work by car.

5. I wish it would stop raining.

6. I wish I had known this before.

7. I wish they would stop the noise.

8. I wish I had made the decision yesterday.

9. I wish you could drive a car.

10. I wish I had lived not far from here.

Заполните пропуски в предложениях нужной формой глагола в скобках. Некоторые предложения требуют отрицательной формы.

1. Bruce wishes ______________ (have) more money so he could buy a new sweater.

2. I wish it ________________ (snow) now that it’s Christmas.

3. I wish I _________________ (be) taller so that I could be in the basketball team.

4. I wish you_______________ (stop) watching TV while I am talking to you.

5. I wish you ________________ (do) that. It annoys me.

6. I wish the holidays _______________ (come) so we could go off to the seaside.

7. I wish they _____________ (build) that block of flats right in front of our window.

8. Of course Tom wishes he ______ (come) with us Paris, but he has to stay here and work.

9. I wish we _________ (go) to the match on Saturday but we’re visiting my uncle instead.

10. I wish you ___________ (keep) your mouth shut yesterday. Now Mary knows everything.

11. If only _______________ (lose) all my money. Now I’m broke.

12. Peter is always late. If only he _____________ (turn up) on time for a change!

13. Don’t you wish you _________ (come) earlier?

14. I wish it __________ (be) possible to join you.

15. I wish you ________ (help) me with my problems.

16. Jack wished Ann__________ (stay) in his house.

17. I wish I ________(can explain) it to you.

18. I wish I ________ (tell) you this at once.

19. My friend wished he ______________ (not become) a rich man.

20. We wish you _________ (not leave) us so soon.

Переведите на английский язык.

Жаль, что я сегодня не иду на конференцию.

2. Хотелось бы, чтобы ты пришел позже.

3. Жаль, что сегодня у меня не выходной день.

4. Жаль, что вчера у меня был не выходной день.

5. Жаль, что я сейчас не в Лондоне.

6. Жаль, что ты живешь далеко от нас.

7. Жаль, что я учил немецкий язык, а не английский.

8. Жаль, что я не знал, что он твой друг.

9. Жаль, что я не могу это тебе объяснить.

10. Жаль, что я не умею плавать.

11. Жаль, что ты не можешь на ней жениться.

12. Жаль, что она не смогла приехать.

13. Жаль, что мы не можем прочитать эту книгу по-английски.

14. Жаль, что эту книгу не опубликовали.

15. Жаль, что он ушел так рано.

16. Жаль, что сегодня не вторник.

17. Жаль, что он не привлекателен.

18. Жаль, что вы слишком много работаете.

19. Жаль, что идет дождь.

Выберите правильный ответ.

If I find your book, I _______ call you.

A) will b) would

If I had a spare ticket, I ________ take you to the cinema.

A) would b) will

A) had been b) were

If I had gone to bed earlier yesterday, I __________ feel better now.

A) would have b) would

John suggested that I Should _______ for another job.

A) look b) have looked

6. You’d better not ______ that switch. It’s dangerous.

A) touch b) will touch

I wish I _____________ what to do

A) have known b) knew

8. I won’t be able to help you unless you _________ me the whole story.

a) tell b) don’t tell

If you invite me to your party I __________ come.

A) will b) would

If she _______ you, she would be able to advise you.

A) had been b) were

If I had managed to repair my TV set earlier, I _________ this film.

A) could see b) could have seen

I will lend you some money if you ___________ in time.

A) will give back b) give back

13. It’s cold today. You’d better __________ a sweater when you go out.

A) will wear b) wear

If I ________ him I will invite him to join us.

A) will see b) see

I wish I _________ yesterday.

A) had met b) met

I wish he __________ come.

A) will b) would

17. If he _______ his seatbelt, he mightn’t have been hurt.

A) fastened b) had fastened

18. If it _________ fine tomorrow, we’ll go for a picnic.

A) is b) will be

If I had one million dollars, I __________ a yacht.

A) would probably buy b) will probably buy c) probably bought

Plants die if you _________ them.

a) won’t water b) don’t water c) wouldn’t water

21. Would it be all right if I __________ round about six?

A) come b) came c) will come

You look tired. If I ______ you, I ________ a holiday.

A) be, will take b) were, would take c) have been, take

I ________ the same if I _______ in your shoes.

A) would do, were b) will do, will be c) would have done, am

24. If I ________ her, I _________ to her. But I didn’t see her and speak to her.

A) saw, would speak b) had seen, would have spoken c) would have seen, would speak

If I ______ that you were coming, I _________ you at the airport. I had a lot of time to do that.

A) had known, would have met b) knew, would meet c) would have known, had met

Практическая грамматика английского языка (стр. 14 )

Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Exercise 110. (Possible variants.) 1) had; 2) are having; 3) had to; 4) had (has); 5) have; 6) is having; 7) have; 8) has; 9) has; 10) has, has to

1) won’t she; 2) doesn’t he; 3) don’t we; 4) didn’t they; 5) haven’t you; 6) doesn’t she; 7) didn’t he; 8) didn’t he; 9) do they; 10) didn’t they

1) am; 2) is/was; 3) had; 4) are; 5) is; 6) had; 7) had;

8) is; 9) had; 10) is

1. He’ll have to work instead of her. 2. Did they have to work till late? 3.1 have to leave now. I am to have important talks. 4.1 don’t have to work tomorrow, I have got a day off. 5. We were to meet at 5; as I could be late, I had to take a taxi. 6. You have to work much at the computer, don’t you? 7. She was hurrying home. She was to cook supper for her guests. 8. She was to have called yesterday, but she had to leave urgently. 9.1 am sorry, I am late. Did you have to wait long? 10.1 don’t have to translate this article.

1) does; 2) did; 3) do; 4) did; 5) does; 6) do; 7) do; 8) did; 9) does; 10) does; 11) did; 12) do; 13) does

1. He does love her. 2. Do say something! 3.1 do want you to believe me. 4. She did want to get an excellent mark. 5. Do listen to her. 6.1 did want to leave. 7. «But I do mean it!» she cried. 8. Do treat him more trustingly. 9. They did have to find the way out. 10. Do stop playing • the fool, please. 11. At last he did receive the job he had wanted for such a long time. 12. Do come, Ann; I’m waiting. I really must ask you to be reasonable and listen to what I did say and do say. 13.1 do want to show you my house today. 14. Life did change for them.

The Indicative Mood. The Use of Tenses

Exercise goes, takes; 2) has; 3) speaks; 4) look; 5) wins;

6) seems; 7) snows, rains; 8) eats; 9) is; 10) start

1) work, produces; 2) work, is, are made; 3) start, comes; 4) is, writes; 5) does not know, goes, work; 6) help, know;

7) answers, shows; 8) does, writes, files, answers; 9) arranges; 10) understand, is, is; 11) does not like, wants

‘ copying, translating, seeing, meeting, forgetting, lying, flying quitting, spreading, eating, beginning, paying, opening, forbidding, stopping

. 1) are working, are making; 2) goes; 3) is meeting, is coming; 4) is crying; 5) have, take; 6) describes; 7) is working; 8) dreams, does; 9) is being; 10) are waiting; 11) is boiling; 12) are getting; 13) is taking, takes; 14) are changing, are getting; 15) are leaving; 16) am studying; 17) boils; 18) are breaking; 19) surprises; 20) looks

1) is striking; 2) understand; 3) is preparing, prepares; 4) is coming; 5) are shivering, feel; 6) is having; 7) tastes;

8) see, are driving; 9) believes, goes; 10) hate, complains, forgets; 11) are being, feel, like; 12) changes, belongs; 13) is trying; 14) smells; 15) is wearing; 16) drinks, is drinking; 17) leaves; 18) wants, is taking; 19) likes, laughs; 20) are laughing, complain

1. Peter usually does homework before supper. 2. Why are you walking so fast? — I am afraid of missing the train. I always leave home earlier and walk slowly. 3. What new subjects are the students taking this year? 4. Why is he being so careful today? It’s strange, he is not usually like this. 5. Mr. Thompson is living in Prague now. — What is he doing there? — He is teaching English. 6. It is snowing today. Winter is usually warm here and it does not often snow. 7.1 can’t speak to you any longer. Why are you always criticizing all I do? 8. What’s the matter with you? You are looking rather pale. How are you feeling? — I’ve got a bad headache. 9. When are they flying for New York? — Next week. 10. What are you doing? Why are you putting salt into your coffee? 11. Now it is a crisis and prices are rising very fast. 12. How delicious the coffee smells! Make me a cup, please, only without sugar.

1) began; 2) was, put, caught; 3) brought; 4) saw; 5) had, spoiled; 6) did you go, were; 7) got, went; 8) did you see, were; 9) went; 10) came, took, moved, joined; 11) did he arrive, came; 12) did your bag cost, paid

stands, crowd, come, is, is, is, offer, made up, hired, rowed, arrived, strolled, was surprised, told, asked, is, dines, said

A 1.1 have found a new job. 2. My father has retired. 3. Jane and Mike have gone to work to Australia. 4.1 have bought a new motorcycle, 5. My niece has started to walk. 6. The Browns have moved to another town. 7 Jack’s Grandpa has died. 8.1 have joined another football club. 9. Nick and Rita have divorced. 10. John has received a fortune, he has become a millionaire.

В 1, Have you already seen the Great American Lakes? 2, Ha /e you been to Broadway? 3. Has Mike managed to see the Statue of Liberty? 3. What new places has your brother shown to you? 4. Has Ann visited the White House? 5= Has your father got promotion? 6. Have you received your driving license? 7. Has your brother changed a car? 8. What kind of house have you bought?

С 1. Sue has not read Gone with the Wind yet. 2. Jill has not entered London University this year. 3. Larry has not produced a new film yet. 4. Peggy and Paul have not moved to another flat this month. 5. Pete has not finished his project yet. 6. My cousin has not got married this month. 7. Mrs. Brown has not recovered yet. 8. They have not gone on business this week.

1) have, have ordered; 2) live/am living, have lived; 3) is, is coming, smokes, does not let; 4) write, have not written; 5) looks, has been; 6) have you not shaven, shave; 7) shows, absorb, affects; 8) have looked, have seen, is falling; 9) has not finished, makes, is working; 10) see, have not seen

If, 2i, 3g, 4j (c), 5h, 6a, 7c (j), 8e, 9b, lOd

1. Where is Mr. Andersen? — He has left for the Hague. — When did he leave? — Several days ago. — I have never been to the Netherlands, though I have wanted to go there for several years. 2. Have you ever been to Santa Barbara? — Yes. — When were you there last? — Last year, 3. Where is Ann? Why hasn’t she come to the institute today? I haven’t seen her today. Has anything happened to her? — No, Ann is here. She has just gone to the lecture. But the lecture has already begun, so you won’t be able to speak to her. 4. Have you been to a Broadway theatre? What did you see there? When were you there last? 5.1 haven’t heard from my parents lately. — When did you get the last letter? — A month ago. I have sent them several letters since that time. 6. Let’s go to the restaurant to dine. — Oh, I’d love to. I haven’t had dinner yet. — When did you have breakfast? — Late in the morning, but I have been hungry for a long time. 7. The weather has changed since yesterday. It’s very cold, it’s snowing and a strong wind is blowing. 8. Have they gone away yet? — Yes, they left at 7 sharp. 9. They met at my friend’s six months ago, but they haven’t seen each other since then. 10.1 miss my family. I think I haven’t been home for ages. I’ve been on my business trip for six months already,

11. Have you written your test yet? Show it to me, please.

12. Did you come long ago? Did you see him? — I came yesterday, I saw him and spoke to him after breakfast this morning. 13. Three months later he went to Africa. They haven’t met since then. 14.1 came here long ago. I’ve been here since 9 o’clock, 15. Your hair has got a little darker since that time. 16. We have just sold the last copy of the book. It’s a pity you haven’t told us that

you need it. 17. When did he get ill? — Three days ago. I’ve been with him since yesterday. 18.1 found out your telephone number in the enquiry office and called you several times, but nobody answered. 19. Have >ou been here for a long time? — No, I’ve just come. 20. He learned to swim when he was a child. They were in the South then.

1) has been studying; 2) have been waiting; 3) have been making; 4) have. been trying; 6) have. been doing, Have. been painting; 6) have been considering; 7) have bpen speaking; 8) has been running; 9) has been snowing; 10) has. been working; 11) have been walking for six hours

1) have been trying, have given; 2) has lost, have been looking; 3) has been, has lived/has been living; 4) Have. worked, have been doing; 5) have. made up, have not been; 6) has been asking, has got; 7) has been helping, have developed; 8) have known; 9) have opened, have been ringing; 10) has been talking, has missed

1) is taking, has been taking; 2) are playing, have been playing; 3) have been learning, is improving; 4) is coming; 5) has been staying, has been trying; 6) is working, is preparing, has been writing; 7) is doing; 8) Are. discussing, have been doing; 9) are going up, have been rising; 10) is blowing, has been blowing

1) has been snowing, is snowing; 2) have been climbing, have not reached; 3) has gone, is crying; 4) have been working, have been busy/are busy; 5) has been solving, says, is, is thinking; 6) has been working, has made, is remained; 7) has finished, is writing, has been working; 8) plays, gives; 9) is, Have. been swimming; 10) have shown

1. He has been our trainer since I began playing in this team. 2. Have they taken a decision on this question? — No, they haven’t. They are still arguing. They have been discussing the question for two hours and haven’t come to any decision. 3. The morning was sunny, but the weather has changed since 11 o’clock, and now it is raining. 4. What have you been doing since we parted? 5. Has Mary come yet? — Yes, she’s been here for two days, she came on Friday. 6. The students have already been writing their test for two hours. Only two of them have already handed their papers in, 7, The thunderstorm has gone, but the sky is covered with dark clouds and a strong wind is blowing, 8. Have you read the book which I gave you? 9. You are looking bad. Have you been working much this week? — Yes, I have. I have been working at the translation for ten days but have done only half of it. 10. What is the man doing here? — He is waiting for the secretary. She has not come to the office yet.

1) were walking, asked; 2) was having, rang, was; 3) was finishing, entered, was following; 4) dropped, washing up, broke; 5) was walking, was going on, were rushing, was; 6) was sitting, kept, turned round, began; 7) was standing, heard; 8) remembered, went; 9) were talking, ran; 10) was shining, were singing, decided; 11) rang, was dressing; 12) lit, nodded, was listening; 13) came, was doing; 14) were. not listening, was speaking; 15) was waiting, came

Correct sentences: 1, 2, 6, 9,14

3. When he phoned, she was having a bath. 4. While I was ironing, he was reading a newspaper. 5.1 was cooking supper when I heard this news. 7.1 could not answer your call. I was working in the garden then. 8. They wished to stay because they were enjoying themselves. 10. The train was approaching the city when it rained heavily. 11. The secretary was still typing when the boss came in and put some documents on the table. 12. When he came up to the square, he saw a lot of people: they were singing, dancing and shouting. They were celebrating New Year. 13. Just as I came into the room, the students were discussing the first report. 15. The children were playing while the mother was putting the room in order.

1) was waiting, was having; 2) was writing; 3) invited; 4) have passed; 5> read; 6) saw; 7) was painting; 8) was making; 9) were learning; 10) has rained; 11) was having; 12) has washed; 13) were having; 14) haven’t met; 15) went; 16) was reading; 17) was seeping; 18) have had; 19) were sitting, spoke; 20) was washing up, heard; 21) has made; 22) were shining; 23) contained; 24) was leaving, entered; 25) met, have known

Ic, 2d, За, 4cs 5b

1) had gone, came; 2) had cooked, came; 3) reached, lost; 4) had closed, got; 5) had carried, achieved; 6) arrived, was staying, met; 7) had finished; 8) had not seen, had moved; 9) came, had come, was sitting; 10) had met

la, 2a, За, 4b, 5b, 6a, 7b, 8a, 9a, lOb

1) had been driving; 2) had been practicing; 3) had been quarreling; 4) had been considering; 5) had been working; 6) had been trying; 7) had been writing; 8) had been burning; 9) had been hoping; 10) had been raining

1) arrived, had been living; 2) were reading, was eating; 3) phoned, was writing; 4) came, had been doing; 5) had closed, got; 6) was driving, heard; 7) had, went on; 8) had been walking, realized, had lost; 9) plained, had not heard, came; 10) finished, had been applauding

1. We had seen the play before we discussed it. 2. We saw the play and then discussed it. 3.1 was in London last year. I had not been there before. 4. He did not like the letter, which he had been trying to write for two hours. The words seemed unconvincing to him. 5. When we came, he had already returned and was writing something in his study. 6. He had finished his work and was sitting on the terrace. The evening was warm and the sun had just set. 7. She had been working with us only for two months, but she proved she was an experienced lawyer. 8. It was snowing heavily and I could not make out the number of the tram. When I had covered several tram stops, I realized that I had been travelling in the wrong direction. 9,1 had been phoning you since 4 o’clock but couldn’t get you: your telephone line had been busy, 10. It had been raining for two weeks: the good weather at last set in three days ago.

1) will live; 2) will start; 3) will replace; 4) will work; 5) will use; 6> will elect/have; 7) will take over; 8) will forbid; 9) will be; 10) will have/elect

1) will; 2) will; 3) shall/will; 4) shall; 5) will; 6) shall/ will; 7) shall; 8) will; 9) will; 10) will; 11) shall; 12) shall/ will; 13) will

1) am learning; 2) won’t/shan’t eat; 3) will help; 4) will/shall punish; 5) will rain; 6) will. air; 7) will/ shall fix; 8) will come; 9) will help; 10) are. doing;

11) will be, is servicing; 12) is not going, is going; 13) will not stay; 14) shall. give, will do; 15) will. help; 16) shall. send; 17) will be; 18) shall. meet, will. be; 19) will fly; 20) am going, will/shall go; 21) will. turn down

1) will accompany, finish; 2) will be, plays; 3) is, will meet; 4) won’t complete, gets; 5) will not start, arrives; 6) leaves, will miss; 7) will not be able, helps; 8) give; 9) returns, will have; 10) will phone, comes; 11) works, will finish; 12) loses; 13) comes, will not go; 14) will remind, forget; 15) gets frozen, will go skating; 16) turn, will see; 17) keeps, will be; 18) look, won’t see; 19) happens, will return; 20) blows, will rain; 21) get, come; 22) goes, will graduate; 23) will not go, does; 24) will not catch, leaves; 25) will not wait, makes up his mind

1) is; 2) will rain; 3) don’t take; 4) will come back; 5) will join; 6) comes; 7) lend; 8) will follow; 9) will solve; 10) is; 11) comes; 12) will invite, are; 13) will find out; 14) will go; 15) comes; 16) is

Ib, 2d, 3b, 4b« 5c, 6d, 7c, 8a, 9b, 10с

1. She will be having a music lesson at 5 o’clock. 2. He will be working in the garden tomorrow. 3= Ben will be lying on the beach at 11 o’clock. 4. Nick and Tom will be playing tennis at 10 o’clock. 5. We’ll be standing in the queue to enter the canteen at dinnertime. 6, She will be going shopping during the break. 7. He will be speaking with his partner on the telephone. 8, Granny will be cooking supper tomorrow. 9. His little sister will be eating porridge tomorrow morning. 10. Tom will be watching a football match.

1) will be doing; 2) will be having; 3) will be having; 4) will be having; 5) will see; 6) will be meeting; 7) will be working; 8) will phone; 9) (will) go; 10) will be playing; 11) will be working; 12) will be going; 13) will be crossing; 14) will. be doing, will be watching; 15) will be sleeping

1. He’ll be back early in August when/after his holiday finishes. 2, He’ll have a good time if/in case/ providing/provided the sea is warm. 3. I’ll be quite free after/when I graduate from college. 4. He will come to my birthday party if/in case/providing/provided he does not forget. 5. The German students will be having their oral test while the English students are writing their examination paper. 6. He will not go for a walk if/in case/providing/provided he does not have breakfast. 7. You will be packing our things while I am making arrangements on the phone. 8. If/In case/Providing/ Provided we come at 2 o’clock, they will be preparing for the test, 9. If/In case/Providing/Provided you phone at 3, I’ll be having a long-distance call and the line will be engaged. 10, After they see the sights they’ll go home,

1. If the weather is good, you’ll be crossing the English Channel at that time tomorrow. 2. Don’t phone me from 3 to 5 o’clock, I’ll be working. 3. The girls will be playing volleyball while the boys are playing football. 4. When you come to see him, he will be painting the ceiling. He is refurnishing his flat. 5.1 am afraid, I’ll be busy at this time. We’ll be meeting the Japanese delegation. 6. When we come homo, Mother will be still cooking dinner. 7. Oh, will I be lying to America tomorrow? 8. I am afraid, they’ll be leaving when you come. 9. We’ll be having dinner at three instead of two o’clock tomorrow. 10. Will your baby be still sleeping if I come at 3?

1) will have typed; 2) will have tidied up; 3) will have painted; 4) will have cooked; 5) will have bought; 6) will have gone; 7) will have received; 8) will have packed; 9) will have seen; 10) will have learned

1) will have had; 2) will have finished; 3) come, will do; 4) will have looked; 5) will have received; 6) get, will have stopped; 7) will have answered; 8) will begin, have read; 9) will not do, takes; 10) will have prepared; 11) reaches, will have returned; 12) will pass, has learned; 13) will not have discussed, come; 14) will not be able, obtain; 15) will have looked, comes; 16) will have left, come

1.1 am afraid, they will have sold out everything by the time you come with the money. 2. Ring me up after you have read the book. 3. We will have done all the exercises by his arrival, and then we all will be going to the skating rink. 4. I’ll write to him after I have seen his parents. 5. Our plant will have produced a new automobile by the end of the year. 6.1 wonder if he will have written the article by the first of September. If it has been ready by this time, we’ll publish it. 7.1 will have gone to the theatre if you come so late. 8.1 am afraid, you will be late. They will have finished the talks by 5 o’clock. 9.1 am sorry, but you won’t get him. He will have gone to the railway station by the time, 10, By Sunday they will have finished repairs and will have moved to the new flat.

1) will have been rehearsing; 2) will have been working; 3) will have been writing; 4) will have been driving; 5) will have been studying

Correct sentences: 4, 10

1. After graduating from the institute I came to St. Petersburg. I have been working here since then. 2.1 was just leaving the house when you phoned me. the time I came to the country cottage my friends had already left. 5. It has been raining since morning and I am afraid, it won’t have stopped by Saturday. 6. He will be working at his new book during his holiday. 7. The woman who is speaking with my sister is my neighbor who lives opposite us. 8. They had been looking for the money since morning but they couldn’t find it anywhere. 9. Yesterday when I came to see my friend he was having supper. He had just come home.

Ic, 2d, 3b, 4b, 5a, 6d, 7b, 8cs 9b, 10с

1. lie was standing by the window and thinking about his future. 2.1 saw him long ago. I haven’t seen him lately. I haven’t seen him for a long time. 3. It had happened before we came there. 4. They had done their best before the doctor came. 5.1 hope everything will be clear for you when you get the letter. 9 o’clock he had finished work. He went out. The wind had fallen but it was rather cool. He was walking slowly trying to think about nothing. 7.1 haven’t seen you for ages! How are you getting on, what’s new? 8. You are wrong. You are passing me the salt, but not the mustard. 9. We stopped because a man was approaching us. 10. I’ve come here to

say good-bye to you. Tomorrow at that time I will be sailing to Easter Island. 11. Where have you put the key? I can’t find it anywhere. 12. He did not see me as he was writing something. 13. At last I’ve done my homework and I am free. 14. Somebody is standing by our door. I think he is overhearing us. 15. If she hasn’t heard from her brother this week, she will send a telegram. the time we reached home, it had stopped snowing, and the moon was shining brightly in the dark sky. We were tired because we had been walking for three hours.

17. Have you ever heard how well she speaks English? They say she has been learning it for three years.

18. What will you be doing at 3 tomorrow? If you are free, we’ll come to see you.

The Passive Voice

Id, 2n, 3i, 4o, 5h, 6m, 71,8k, 9j, 1Gb, lie, 12a, 13g, 14f, 15c

A 1. My watch was broken. 2. The rule was explained to the students. The students were explained the rule. 3.1 am often asked to help them. 4. Written exercises are done in class. 5. A new discovery will be made soon. 6. A report will be made at the conference. 7. Tennis is played all year round. 8. His betrayal was never forgiven by his friends. 9.1 am offered several jobs. Several jobs are offered to me. 10. Much will be promised, but don’t imagine you will be given everything (everything will be given to you). 11. Parcels with fruit from his parents’ garden were regularly sent to him. He was regularly sent parcels with fruit from his parents’ garden. 12. A leave in July will be given to me if there is no urgent work. I’ll 11* 323

be given a leave in July if there is no urgent work. 13. Three ships were offered Columbus by the Spanish government. Columbus was offered three ships by the Spanish government. 14. Their children are usually sent to camp for summer. 15. A very important mission was charged him with. He was charged with a very important mission. 16. I’m sure the matter will be settled easily. 17. The driver was fined for exceeding the speed limit. 18. She is called by somebody every day. 19. The passengers leaving for London are requested to register. 20. Contracts will be signed by the manager tomorrow.

В 1. The police was sent for. 2. This book is much spoken about. 3. He is often laughed at. 4. Our con­versation was listened to very attentively. 5.1 think we will be waited for only in a week. 6. His late arrival was not taken notice of. 7. All the advertisements were looked through very attentively. 8. He was a brilliant speaker, and whenever he spoke, he was listened to with great attention. 9. He will be looked after in hospital much better. 10, Her new dress was looked at with interest. 11. A taxi was sent for. 12. The successful performance of the young actress will be talked much about. 13. He is always made fun of. 14. Gross mistakes in the translation were pointed out. 15. Very interesting plans were referred to. 16. Monday was agreed upon as the most suitable day. 17. This question was not touched upon unfortunately. 18. He was spoken to about his promotion yesterday.

С 1. Don’t come in! Students are being examined. 2. Can I read the article? — No, it is being typed. 3. We had to hurry. We were being waited for. 4. It was noisy. He was not being listened to. 5. Does he realize that he is being laughed at? 6. Look at this man. I think we are being followed by him. 7. Listen carefully! A very interesting talk is being given. 8. We are being served rather fast. 9. Morning mail was being looked through. 10. Their conversation is being translated rather well. 11. The brief ing is in full swing. The participants of the conference are being interviewed. 12. A new project was being developed by the company. 13. You can’t watch the film now. The TV set is being fixed.

D 1. Our house has been repaired lately. 2. When the fire brigade came, the building had been destroyed by the fire. 3. Much better results have been shown by the athlete since he is trained by this coach. 4. All the business letters will have been answered by noon. 5. The document has been signed by the president of the board. 6. Is she washing the floor? — No, it has already been washed. his arrival his car had been repaired. 8. The tickets have been booked and will have been brought by 2 o’clock. 9. They house had been painted by his arrival. 10. The reason for the accident hasn’t been found yet. 11. Has anything been touched here? 12, A lot of students have been interviewed by the sociologist, 13. Have all the machines been tested? 14. Considerable damage has been caused by the flood. 15. The papers will have been received by tomorrow,

E 1. The job can be found by her easily. 2. The matter is urgent. She should be phoned immediately. 3. The boss wants Mr, Black. He must be found. 4. An interesting offer can be made to you. 5. He’s got a pay rise and now a new house can be bought. 6. The document must be sent as quickly as possible. 7. The weather is warm. The flowers may be planted. 8, The document is of great importance. It must be shown to us» 9. The book must be given back on Sunday. 10. Their kitchen is large and it can be used as a dining room. 11. Ecologies say that our planet should be taken care of, 12. The doctor must be sent for immediately. 13. The lecture is over. Questions may be asked. 14. The centre of town should be avoided during rush hours. 15. They agreed that the club membership fee should be raised.

lc, 2a, 3c, 4c, 5c, 6c, 7b, 8c, 9a, lOb, lib, 12c, 13a, 14b, 15b

1) was not discussed, had been withdrawn; 2) has been sent; 3) is being fixed; 4) is being constructed, will be built; 5) will be taken, have been spoken; 6) were told, were being waited; 7) can be solved; 8) must be done; 9) was admitted; 10) are being listened to; 11) has . been approved, is being discussed, has. been discussed; 12) will have been settled; 13) have been bought, has been postponed; 14) was lent, has not been given; 15) was being looked through, were being typed, were being answered, were being held; 16) is being laid; 17) was invented; 18) may be written; 19) had. been done; 20) are asked

Correct sentences: 2, 6

1. Don’t bring the article today. It will be typed only tomorrow. 3. The book that was written last month is being discussed a lot. It has been written a lot of articles about. 4. When I came, an experiment was being held in the lab. 5. Do you know that this house belonged to Mr. Brown? 7. The building collapsed during the earthquake. 8. Have you seen him? Has he changed Much? 9. Do you know that ycu are being followed? 10.1 hope this journal can be found at the library.

1» Unfortunately, such questions were not touched upon at the conference. 2. Who told you that the agreement had already been signed? 3. English is spoken here. 4. She was allowed to go in for sports. 5. Visitors are received every day. 6. Betsy 1ь not permitted to come here. 7. He was badly looked after in hospital. 8. Has he been sent for yet? — Yes, he was called and told to come at 8 o’clock. 9. A new cinema is being built in our street. 10. Don’t say it, otherwise you’ll be laughed at. 11. I haven’t been told about it yet. 12. Shall we go to the country if it rains tomorrow? — Yes, we must go there, we’ll be waited for. 13. This building had just been built when we csme here. 14. The work had been finished by evening. 15. When we returned, we were told a lot of interesting news.

Unit 13 Sequence of Tenses

1.1 told her that I had something to tell her. 2. He said that he had met her for the first time on a warm sunny morning the spring before. 3. She told her mother that she was going to call again next day. 4. Robert said he had been to Turkey twice, but so far he hadn’t had time to visit Istanbul. 5.1 replied to the doctor that it would be very difficult to persuade her to take care of herself, 6. The BBC announcer said that the president was to come to Madrid the day after tomorrow. 7. They said they had a lift but very often it didn’t work. 8. My cousin said they had bought a new flat. But they didn’t like it so much as their last one. 9. She said she had left a message for him, but he hadn’t phoned yet. 10. Peggy said she had no idea who had done it but sue would find out. 11. He said his mother had just been operated on. 12. She replied to me she would come with me as soon as she was ready. 13. The small boy said he had a French lesson that evening and he hadn’t done his homework yet. 14.1 told the officer she had been sitting in. the garden since the police came. 15. He pointed out to me that I hadn’t closed the window and had forgotten to turn off the light,

1. He asked me if my children were still skiing, 2. She wondered whether they had had breakfast yet. 3.1 wondered if Mike was still taking an exam. 4. He asked whether she had taken part in the performance. 5. She wondered if they had already left by the time I had gone to the station. 6. He wanted to know if they regularly went to the swimming pool. 7,1 asked whether she would buy a new Hoover. 8.1 wondered if she would be training at 10 next day. 9. She asked whether he usually went to the Caribbeans for his holiday. 10.1 wondered if she had learned to play the guitar. 11. They wanted to know if the decision had already been taken, 12. He asked if I knew when the results would be out. 13. She wondered if he knew my new address. 14. They asked whether we had known each other for a long time. 15. She asked if he had begun smoking a pipe.

1.1 asked why he had decided to go to Ethiopia. 2. He wondered when she had been sent on business. 3.1 wanted to know who would fulfill this task. 4. They asked how long she had been staying here. 5.1 asked who he had been speaking to when I had come up to him. 6. He wondered who would play the role of Hamlet, 7. She asked what was shown in that diagram. 8.1 wanted to know what he was going to do on Sunday. 9. We wondered how long they had been developing this project. 10.1 asked who this book had been written by.

1. Ann asked how long I had been there. 2, Peter asked if I was working as well as studying. 3. Bill wanted to know whether I had a work permit. 4. Ann asked what I was going to study. 5. Peter wondered if I had enrolled for more than one class. 6. Bill asked whether I wanted

to buy any second-hand books. 7. Ann asked if I had seen. the library. 8. Peter wondered if I played rugby. 9, He asked again if I would have time to play regularly. 10. Bill wanted to know whether I had played for my school team.

Смешанный тип условных предложений (Mixed Conditional Sentences)

Условные предложения смешанного типа – это такие сложноподчиненные предложения, в которых условие и следствие, т.е. придаточное и главное предложения, относятся к разному времени. Употребление форм сослагательного наклонения подчиняется в них общему правилу: настоящие или будущие действия передаются неперфектными (несовершенными) формами, а действия, относящиеся к прошлому – перфектными (совершенными).

При этом часто условие по смыслу и не относится к какому-либо времени (обычно в подобных высказываниях говорится о постоянных действиях, возможных при описанном в придаточном предложении условии, либо характеристиках подлежащего).

В качестве наглядных примеров описанному выше принципу рассмотрим строение помещенных в таблицу условных предложений смешанного типа.

Как следует из представленной таблицы, подобные высказывания начинаются не с главного, а с придаточного предложения условия, в котором на первом месте стоит союз «если». Отметим, что подобное строение условных предложений данного типа свойственно и русскому языку. Например: «Если бы я знал об этих трудностях, я бы не брался за это дело»: данное предложение тоже начинается с придаточной части и союза «если», который, хотя и служит для связи частей сложноподчиненного предложения, стоит на первом месте.

Сказуемое главного придаточного предложения выражено вспомогательным глаголом would в положительной или отрицательной (wouldn’t) форме (в зависимости от смысла предложения) и смыслового глагола в соответствующей форме. Отметим, что после глагола would частица to не ставится, поскольку это – модальный глагол (как и can, may, must, should, после которых to не ставится).

Следовательно, подобные предложения весьма просты для перевода и построения. В этом убедитесь и Вы сами, последовательно изучая английский язык. Однако не можем не подчеркнуть, что знакомство с грамматическими правилами само по себе (в отрыве от речевой практики) недостаточно и малоэффективно: обучение иностранному языку всегда тесно связано в работе с текстом и над текстом, а также с устной диалогической речью. Лишь читая, переводя или общаясь, Вы сможете научиться распознавать и строение высказываний, и их грамматические и синтаксические отличия. Наша компания будет рада Вам в этом помочь.

Практическая грамматика английского языка (стр. 8 )

Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

You can use either gerunds or infinitives after the following verbs. Find the odd word in the chain of the verbs.

Example: fancy avoid agree postpone

Complete the following sentences using gerunds.

1. (Be) free and alone is a good thing if you are tired of big cities. 2. (Find) you here was a quite a surprise. 3. If this is what you intend (ask) me, stop (waste) your time. 4. They kept on (talk) though the band began (play). 5. Everyone enjoyed (swim) in the river. 6. My watch needs (repair). 7. He never mentioned (live) in Prague. 8. He does not seem to mind (air) the room. 9. Just imagine (go) there together! 10. Don’t put of (do) it now. If you postpone (receive) a visa again, you will miss an excellent opportunity of (go) there.

Match the parts of the sentences.

2) Being born in my provincial town

3) There is a general feeling all around

4) He promised them that no harm

5) Would you mind

a) would come to them for signing the papers.

b) looking up his tele­phone number?

c) is my dream also.

d) wasn’t much different from being born in Brooklyn.

e) that her running away was a good thing.

Complete the following sentences with gerunds formed from the verbs in the box.

recognize make go see

1.___big prices for famous pictures is now a wealthy man’s way of___taxation. 2. English grammar is very difficult and few writers have avoided___mistakes. 3. Maurice was saved from___.by Kate’s entry with the tray. 4 The elderly ladies enjoyed___who came in and

out,___old friends, and___unfavourably how these had aged. 5. Of course the contract is mutually beneficial and he is all for___it. 6. The important part of his life is___people. 7. Parks at night is a dangerous place to walk. Avoid___there after darkness. 8. Father suggested

___a new machine.

Make up sentences using gerunds.

1. Forgive (I, take up) so much of your time. 2. Do you mind (he, join) us? 3. Does he feel like (stay) here for another week? 4.1 appreciate (you, encourage) him when he failed in his experiment. 5. Do you know the reason for (he, feel) disappointed? 6. «It’s no good (you, hate) it,» he said becoming didactic. 7. Only the other day they had been talking about (something, happen), 8, She was listening hard all the time for any sound of (Jan, descend) the stairs. 9. He wishes he’d never told you the truth but it’s no use (he, deny) it. 10. Cursing himself for (not learn) to drive a car he woke up Toni. 11. Of course, I should insist on (you, accept) the proper professional fee. 12. Bob was feeling rather unwell, and was not really looking forward to (we, visit) him. 13. My father thinks I am not capable of (earn) my own living. 14. He warned us that there was no point in (we, arrive) half an hour earlier. 15. They were talking about (she, give up) the job and (go) to live in the country.

Open the brackets and use the proper gerund either in the active or passive voice.

1. The speaker was annoyed at (interrupt) every other moment. 2. He showed no sign of (hurt). 3. They showed no sign of (recognize) us. 4. He insists on (pay) for his work done. 5. We did not want to speak to the correspondent and tried to avoid (interview) by him. 6. Excuse me for (give) so much trouble to you. 7. After (examining) by the doctor I was given a sick leave. 8. They deny (rob) the bank, but admit (make) plans about it. 9. The problem is not worth (speak of). 10. Why does he avoid (meet) journalists? 11. She insisted on (show) the files to her. 12. She does not stand (remind) people of their duties and (remind) of hers. 13. He is not used to (speak to) like that. 14. He had never thought of security because he had no idea of (kidnap). 15. Did you succeed in (persuade) your colleagues? 16, The TV set needs (repair). 17. He is looking forward to (give) the main part in the play. 18. After (look through) the papers were registered. 19. He can’t do anything without (disturb) anybody or (disturb). 20. Have you ever dreamed of (earn) a million dollars?

Complete the sentences on the right using the gerunds formed from the verbs in the box.

4. Do you ever watch TV? Never. I think it’s a waste of time___. 2.1 advise you to see the film which is on at our local cinema. It is worth___. 3. He is speaking too much. I think it’s no use___into every detail. 4. Why are you speaking so much of it? To my mind, the matter

is not worth___of. 5. Why are you crying? You are seven years old already. Is it good___over the broken doll? 6. Stay in bed then. It is no good.___anything if you feel bad. 7. Have you talked to Alice? Yes, but we had difficulty ___ to her. I did not expect her to be so stubborn. I think it’s a waste of time___her to follow cur advice. 8. She has bought a new fur coat. Well,

to my mind, there is no point in___a new one if she has already got four coats! 9. What are you going to do tonight? Let’s go to the casino. I think it is a waste of money___. 10. Where have you been this summer? In Moscow, I had difficulty___, a visa. 11. She has left for Paris. It’s no use___to get in touch with her, 12. England and Brazil are going to play tomorrow. I’ve already bought tickets. Matches between England and Brazil are worth ___. 13. Ronald Reagan often used Russian proverbs in his speech. I think he supposed they were worth___.

Fill in the blanks with prepositions after, before, by, on, without.

1. What did she mean___boasting like this? 2. His knowledge has improved___taking a training course. 3. He could tell the funniest story___smiling. 4.___ entering the house she rushed to the telephone___greeting anybody. 5. You can keep healthy and fit___jogging in the morning. 6. Where did he go___finishing his work? 7.___writing an article about the events he must go to

the place where they are taking place. 8.___hearing a woman’s cry he jumped up from his seat. 9.___ going through the customs office he went aboard the plane. 10. She was upset___not getting an answer from him.

Fill in the blanks with proper gerunds (use the verbs in the box).

Send call go take speak find accomplish come part laugh gamble explain steal

Cheat support live take buy

1, He has succeeded in___a difficult task and we are proud of him. 2. You should ask him for help. It seems to me that he is very good at___everything. 3, Mr. Grimsby hasn’t got enough experience. I am against___in our work and I object___to the conference. 4. The audience

burst out___at the sight of the monkey going through different tricks. 5. Do you know he has given up___? 6.1 don’t insist on ___there by plane. 7. Though nobody suspected him of___, his companions accused him of_______ them when he was responsible for___goods for their

company. 8. They are engaged in___new people for their firm. 9. Why do you persist in___him? 10. He is fed up with___alone. He is looking forward to his family___ in two days. 11. They prevented us from___rash steps. 12. She feels like___too much when she drinks a glass of

champagne. 13. He decided against___her again.

Fill in the blanks with prepositions or adverbs where necessary.

1. The policeman accused him ___exceeding the speed limit. 2. She has been dreaming___flying to the Bahamas. 3. The rain prevented him___going to the country. 4. They have decided___buying a new car. 5. He succeeded___being promoted. 6.1 feel___staying

at home. It is rather cold. Let’s watch a new film on TV instead___going to the picnic. 7. She is fed_______ staying in the village. 8. He went to the disco despite ___having a headache. 9. She is looking_______playing the leading part in the performance. 10.1 think it’s no use ___ trying to get him home. 11. Everybody congratulated her___passing the exam so well. 12. He

is not very good___taking decisions quickly. 13. They don’t approve___her getting married to James. 14. The police suspect him___drug smuggling. 15. We have difficulty___installing the new equipment.

Paraphrase the sentences using the gerunds. Use prepositions or adverbs where necessary (gerundial phrases are in bold type).

Example: We have no objections. They may leave at once. — We have no objections to their leaving at once.

1. He is unable to resist her charm. It’s funny. 2» They told the truth. You shouldn’t deny it. 3.You shouldn’t take advantage of people’s weakness. It’s no good. 4.1 confided in this man. I admit it. 5. She accepted the proposal. Her mother was displeased with it. &. We rang the bell» and we were admitted to the hall. 7. I’d like to speak to you frankly. I hope you don’t mind it. 8. He is admitted to our closed circle. I object to it. 9. He was afraid that I would change the decision. 10.1 regiet that I gave you so much trouble. 11. After he had studied the weather forecast in great detail, he said he would go back to London. 12. Why do you insist that he should be present there? 13.1 am really ashamed that I haven’t written to you for so long. 14. You submitted the report to the secretary. I remember it. 15.1 was prepared to dislike Mr. Kalada even before I met him. 16. He suggested that we should start at once. 17. Mrs, Knight disliked tbatl told the truth. 18. We are looking forward to the fact tl at you will spend the summer with us. 19. He is responsible that the letter is delivered only today. 20. This woman’s face attracted his attention as familiar for he remembered that she had passed by him several times.

Open the brackets with either gerunds or infinitives. Use prepositions or adverbs where necessary.

1. There is no point (worry) about these things. 2. Do you want me (order) a long-distance call? 3. Before (give) evidence you must swear (speak) the truth. 4. I’ve seen him (leave) the office early this afternoon. He seemed (be) unhappy about something. 5. She didn’t succeed (be) economical. 6. Would you mind (look up) his telephone number? 7. I’m looking forward (make) an appointment with this businessman. 8. It was a lovely day, so I suggested (go) to the country. 9. Would you mind (close) the window? I hate (sit) in. a draught. 10. It’s worth (arrange) the things properly. 11. I’d like you (arrange) everything by the time I come back. 12. Jt’s very difficult (deal) with him because he got used (do) everything in his own way. 13. The teacher was very strict. Nobody dared (speak) to each other. 14. They don’t have much money. They can’t afford (go) out very often. 15. It is no use (have) a car if you don’t know how (drive).

Choose the right variant with the following verbs.

1. Remember (to look/looking) ahead when driving.

2. When you go on that mission please remember (to point out/pointing out) to people there that our stand on this issue remains the same. — I won’t fail to do that. 3. Do you remember (to meet/meeting) them last summer? 4. Remember (to phone/phoning) as soon as arrive. 5. The policeman asked me if I clearly remembered (to lock/ locking) the door before I went to bed. 6.1 remember (to pay/paying) him. I gave him two pounds. 7. Did you remember (to give/giving) him the key to the safe? — No, I didn’t. I’ll go and do it now. 8.1 don’t remember ever (to see/seeing) you. 9. She does not remember (to ask/asking) this question. 10. We remember (to stay/ staying) a weekend with her. She is a nice woman. 11. When you are on holiday remember (to send/sending) postcards to a few close friends.

1.1 regret (to tell/telling) you all the tickets for this performance have been sold. 2. He’s always regretted (not to learn/not learning) to play a musical instrument. 3. They regret (to fail/failing) to understand the importance of your proposal. 4.1 regret (to inform/ informing) you that your application has been rejected. 5.1 don’t regret (to quarrel/quarrelling) with him. 6. The manager regrets (to say/saying) that your proposal has been turned down. 7. We regret (to miss/missing) this film. It is worth seeing. 8.1 regret (to say/saying) I won’t be able to come. 9. She regrets (not to be able/not being able) say goodbye to him. 10. If you regret (to do/doing) something, you are sorry about an action in the past.

С be (get) used to/used to

1. He used to (be/being) good at mathematics. 2.1 got used to (get up/getting up) very early. 3. In the Dark Ages people used to (think/thinking) that the sun goes round the earth. 4. He wasn’t used to (work/working) late at night. 5. He used to (study/studying) late at night when a youth. 6. She was used to (wander/wandering) about the fields by herself. 7. In my childhood my aunt used to (bring/bringing) little presents for me. 8. He quickly got used to (have/having) a good meal and nice suits. 9. He used to (say/saying) that there was nothing like warm crisp brown bread spread with honey. 10. The mother was used to (do/doing) all the work about the house alone. 11. The mother used to (do/doing) all the work about the house,

1. Why don’t you try (to lose/losing) some weight? 2. He tried (to go/going) to evening classes but his English was still hopeless, 3. She tried (to explain/explaining) the situation but he refused to listen and went on grumbling. 4. Do stop talking, I am trying (to write/ writing) a letter. 5. He tried (to persuade/persuading) them to sign a contract. 6. Try (to forget/forgetting) it, it is not worth worrying about. 7.1 tried (to catch/ catching) his eye, but he sat motionless. 8. He tried (to cook/cooking) but failed. 9. They had tried (to introduce/ introducing) many other methods in return to the initial one.

1. If you stop (to do/doing) something, you finish an action. 2. If you stop (to do/doing) something, you interrupt one action in order to do something else. 3. We stopped (to buy/buying) food in the store because the owner raised the prices. 4. We stopped (to buy/buying) food in the store because we were hungry. 5. Do stop (to make/making) this awful noise! 6. We’ve only stopped (to buy/buying) some petrol. 7. They stopped (to produce/ producing) refrigerators because of their workers’ strike. 8. He suddenly stopped (to speak/speaking), got up and left without saying anything.

F be afraid to/be afraid of

1. I’m afraid (to take/taking) an exam because I’m afraid (to fail/failing) it. 2. He was afraid (to leave/ leaving) the house because he was afraid (to meet/meeting) someone who might recognise him. 3. He was afraid (to say/saying) a word because he did not know anybody. 4.1 am afraid (to go/going) by plane. 5. He was afraid (to tell/telling) her the sad news. 6. My sister is such a coward! She can’t see horror films because she is afraid (to meet/ meeting) a ghost at night. 7. He was afraid (to make/ making) the next step because he was afraid (to fall/falling) because he was standing on the brink of the precipice.

1. It is silly of me, but I can’t help (to feel/feeling) anxious. 2.1 can’t help (to laugh/laughing)) at his jokes. 3. They can’t help him (to do/doing) the exercise. 4. She could not help (to be attracted/being attracted) by the fact that she was being looked at. 5. He couldn’t help his son (to solve/solving) the problem. 6. She couldn’t help (to phone/phoning) her mother when she heard the news.

Open the brackets with either gerunds or infinitives.

1.1 don’t remember (switch off) the TV set. I’d better (go) and (check) it. 2. The weather is very nice. Let’s (go) for a swim. — I am not particularly good at (swim). What about (go) for a drive instead of (bathing)? 3. We stopped once (buy) some food, and then we stopped again (ask) the way. 4. Do you feel like (dine) out or would you rather (have) dinner at home? — I’d like (go) out. I always enjoy (have) dinner at a restaurant. 5.1 don’t mind (travel) by bus but I hate (stand) if there are a lot of people. I think it’s better (go) by tube. 6. Would you like (come) to the conference devoted to the theatre? — No, thanks. I like (see) performances but I don’t enjoy (listen) to people talking about it. 7. I’m delighted (hear) that you can come for the weekend. We are all looking forward to (see) you. 8. The autumn is wonderful! You got used to (swim) in September, so remember (bring) your bathing suit. 9.1 remember (lend) that book to you. You wanted (write) a report. — Oh, I’m so sorry! I’ll bring it back tonight. 10. When would you like (start off)? — In a few moments. — Let’s (wait) till it stops (snow) otherwise we may get lost. 11. Do you remember (meet) her at my birthday party? — Yes, certainly. Thank you for the chance (meet) such a beautiful and witty girl. 12. The results are very disappointing, I regret (say). I allow you (to rewrite) the test. But I allow (rewrite) on condition everyone is present. 13. You know I meant (buy) something for supper but the shop was closed. — OK. It means (have) sandwiches and tea for supper.

Find and correct the mistakes if any.

1.1 think you made a mistake to come here. 2. When he told me about his plans, I couldn’t help to be surprised. It absolutely wasn’t in his line. 3.1 can’t help you preparing this historical sketch. 4. It’s no use persuading such a stubborn person. 5. People often have difficulty to learn a foreign language. 6.1 congratulated Ann to enter University. 7. We called after him, but he did not even stop turning his head. 8.1 don’t remember him to tell anything of the kind. 9. They couldn’t forgive me for wasting so much time. 10. It is not worth to take up the matter now; it can wait.

Choose the correct variant.

1. He was clever enough_______in this delicate situation.

a) avoiding, speaking

b) to avoid, to speak

c) avoiding, to speak

d) to avoid, speaking

2.1 wonder if there is any use_______him.

a) trying, improving

b) trying, to improve

c) to try, to improve

d) to try, improving

3. Please let it ___ clearly. I am not used ___something twice.

a) understand, to saying

b) to understand, to say

c) be understood, to saying

d) be understood, to say

4. Suddenly she burst out___with the words, «I’m sick and tired___soups and porridges for him. I can’t go on___my best years.»

a) crying, of making, wasting

b) to cry, to make, to waste

c) to cry, of making, wasting

d) crying, to make, wasting

5. He had some difficulty,__his temper. This scene was worth___. After that he avoided___by his friends.

a) to control, to watch, to see

b) controlling, watching, seeing

c) controlling, watching, being seen

d) being controlled, being watched, to be seen

Translate into English using gerunds where possible.

1. Я настаиваю, чтобы ты показал нам свой новый автомобиль, 2. Маленький мальчик гордился тем, что у него такой благородный (noble) друг. 3. Этот фильм стоит посмотреть. Вам не сможет не понравиться прекрасная игра (performance) актеров. 4. Было невоз­можно достать билет, и ему пришлось отказаться от мысли послушать знаменитого пианиста. 5, Я помню, он громко смеялся, когда рассказывал эту историю. 6. Она была уверена, что мальчики уже давно переста­ли работать и убежали на речку. 7. Она сидела в гости­ной (drawing room), не говоря ни слова и не обращая внимания на болтовню (chat) своей сестры. 8. Не отве­чая на приветствия, он быстро прошел в зал. 9. Мне надоело быть старым и мудрым, и я не выношу, когда ко мне относятся (treat) как к инвалиду. 10. Он наме­ревался начать свое расследование (investigation) с осмотра сада. 11. Помыв посуду и прибрав все на кух­не, она легла на диван. 12. Если ты не скажешь мне, в чем дело, какая польза оттого, что я здесь? 13. Я даже не мог прогуляться без того, чтобы он ко мне не подо­шел. 14. Он терпеть не может, когда его хвалят. 15. Ему не нравилось, что дочь часами болтает по телефону. 16. Он пытался найти предлог (pretext), чтобы уйти пораньше. 17. Надеюсь, вы не возражаете, если ему все расскажут? 18. Вы не забыли отправить письмо, кото­рое он вам дал? 19. Видя наши затруднения, они пред­ложили свою помощь. 20. Они не могли не рассмеять­ся при виде (at the sight of) клоуна.

Open the brackets and use the correct form of Participle I.

1. That night, (go) up to his room he thought of his unpleasant duty. 2. She smiled (remember) the joke. 3. A new road will soon be built (connect) the plant with the railway station. 4. He speaks like a man (take) his opinion of everything. 5. (Not know) that she could trust them she did not know what to do. 6. And (say) this he threw himself back in the armchair. 7.1 spent about ten minutes (turn) over the sixteen pages of The Guardian before I found the main news and articles. 8. (Be) so far away he still feels himself part of the community. 9. The boy came out of the water (shake) from top to toe. 10. (Support) her by the arm he helped her out of the taxi.

Paraphrase the following using Participle I where it is possible.

Example: The man who is speaking to Mary is a well-known surgeon. — The man speaking to Mary is a well-known surgeon.

1. The woman who is working in the garden is my sister. 2. The man who made a report yesterday came back from the USA. 3.1 couldn’t ring them up because I did not know their telephone number. 4. We went to see our friends who had just returned from a voyage. 5. The sidewalks were crowded with people who were watching the carnival. 6. He had a massive gold watch, which had belonged to his father. 7. He stood at the counter and hesitated, he did not know what to choose. 8. The conferences, which are held at the University every year, are devoted to ecological problems. 9. Unable to attend the conference that took place a month ago, we asked to send the typewritten reports. 10.1 looked at the people who were lying on the beach. 11. The people who are waiting for the doctor have been sitting here for a long time. 12. The man who phoned you yesterday is waiting for you downstairs.

Open the brackets and use the correct form of Participle II.

1. She looked at the table. There was a loaf of brown bread (divide) into two halves. 2. There was another pause (break) by a fit of laughing of one of the old men sitting in the first row. 3. The child (leave) alone in the large room began screaming. 4. The centre of the cotton industry is Manchester (connect) with Liverpool by a canal. 5. The story (tell) by the old captain made the young girl cry. 6. He did not doubt that the information (receive) by morning mail was of great interest for his competitors. 7. The equipment (install) in the shop is rather sophisticated. 8. We’ve got a great variety of products, which are in great demand. Here are some samples (send) to our distributors last month. 9. The methods that were applied in the building of the new metro stations proved to be efficient. 10. She warmed over the dinner that she cooked yesterday.

Paraphrase the following using Participle II.

Example: These are only a few of the attempts, which were made to improve the situation. — These are only a few of the attempts made to improve the situation.

1. The new job, which has been offered to me lately, seems to be very interesting. 2. He could not recognize the square, which was rebuilt, while he was away. 3. The news, which you’ve brought to us, is exciting. 4. The things that are left behind by passengers are usually taken to the Lost Property Office. 5. The animals, which were Caught in the morning, struggled furiously. 6. The answer, which had been so long expected, came at last. 7. There was a dead silence in the room, which was broken only by his cough. 8. The sunrays lighted the magnificent house, which was built on the hill. 9. The castle, which was built many years ago, was in good order. 10. The typewriter that was bought a few days ago has gone wrong.

Open the brackets and use participial con­structions with the conjunctions when, white, as if, as though, if, till, unless.

Example: When you cross the street, be careful at the crossroads. — When crossing the street, be careful at the crossroads.

1. When he was lying he spoke more quickly than when he was telling the truth. 2. She stood in front of the mirror as if she were speaking to herself. 3. She screamed as though she had been badly hurt. 4. He is a quiet man. He never hurries unless he is pressed for time. 4. While I was waiting for you, I was looking through newspapers and magazines. 5. When he was asked about it, he could say nothing. 6. When the article is translated, it wirH be typed. 7. While I was crossing the street yesterday, I saw an accident. 8. A promise accounts so little till it is kept. 9. When he was a student he used to study at the library. 10. He was hesitating whether for take the step, which if it was mistaken, could put him to trouble.

Open the brackets and use the correct form of Participle I Perfect.

Основы грамматики английского языка (стр. 11 )

Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Заполните пропуски, используя соответствующую степень сравнения следующих наречий.

well late carefully slowly clearly

4. We have good teachers, but Mr Brown can explain things … of all of them.

5. Mark and I play football quite well, but Jack plays … of us.

1. Я плаваю лучше брата.

2. Моя мама водит машину осторожнее папы.

3. Джордж бегает быстрее всех в нашей группе.

4. Сью пишет аккуратнее меня.

5. Мой папа готовит лучше всех.

6. Джек играет в теннис хуже Сью.

7. Я печатаю быстрее всех в группе.

8. Дина говорит громче всех.

9. Ник бегает быстрее Джона.

10. Мой брат говорит на английском языке свободнее всех своих коллег.

Выберите правильный вариант:

1. You know much, but you know less/least/little than your teacher.

2. The children studied hard, and as a result they passed the exams better/best/good of all.

3. Actually, today I swim bad/worse/worst than I did yesterday.

4. Martin works hard/harder/hardest of all the singers in the chorus.

5. Be quiet! I don’t want to discuss the matter any more/most/much more.

6. Of the three brothers, Jose wakes up early/earlier/earliest.

7. Can you speak more clearly/more clearlier/most clearly, please?

8. Try to lay the table carefullier/more carefully/carefulliest next time.

9. Can you stay longer/more long/more longer, please?

10. I’m sure he lives furthest/most far/farest of all the groupmates.

Teст 20

Выберите правильный вариант:

1. Stan drives … Ricky.

a) faster b) faster then c) faster than

2. I think Pussy eats her food … of all my pets.

a) fastest b) most fast c) fastest than

3. Andrea gets up … Serena.

a) earliest b) earlier than c) more early

4. I suppose people are spending now … money than they used to.

a) many b) much c) more

5. I’m afraid I can’t do it … than you.

a) good b) better c) the best

6. Rebecca swims … of all the team members.

a) more gracefully b) most gracefully c) gracefulliest

7. He goes there … than I.

a) oftener than b) more often c) most often

8. They go to the movies … you.

a) most frequently b) frequentlier c) more frequently than

9. He prepares his homework … than most students.

a) more carefully b) most carefully c) carefullier

10. She works … her sister.

a) more hard than b) harder c) harder than

11. We stayed … of all the guests.

a) longest b) longer c) most long

12. The time passed … I expected.

a) more quick b) quicker c) more quickly than

13. They arrived … we.

a) soonest than b) sooner than c) sooner

14. She spoke … than I expected.

a) more rapidly b) more rapid c) rapider

15. He works … of all his colleagues.

a) most hard b) hardest c) hard

Ключи к упражнениям и тестам

Упражнение 1.1

1. Yes, he has; No, he hasn’t.

2. I’ve read two interesting books lately.

3. Yes, I have; No, I haven’t.

4. I’ve been there three times.

5. Yes, I have: No, I haven’t.

Упражнение 1.2

1. They have bought a new TV set.

2. I’ve never heard about it.

3. We’ve just come back from the theatre.

4. Have you finished your work?

5. Ann has already watered the flowers.

6. How long has she lived in Moscow?

Упражнение 1.3

Упражнение 1.4

1. I have never seen …

2. I saw this film…

3. I’ve just received…

6. She’s just met…

7. Have you ever been…

Тест-минимум 1

3) Has blown down

9) Has just gone

10) Have just told

11) Has never been

12) Have just gone away

1) I have washed up.

2) We have lived here for 5 years.

3) I haven’t done my home task yet.

4) Have you ever been in England?

5) I haven’t been abroad yet.

Тест 1

1) I’ve just looked through this documents.

2) Have you translated all faxes? — Not yet.

3) How many business letters have you written today?

4) Have you already discussed this question? — Yes, I have.

5) I haven’t had dinner yet. Let’s go to the canteen. – With pleasure.

6) We have already made our business-plan.

7) They have bought new equipment this week.

8) Have you ever been to London? — No, but I’ve read a lot about it.

9) Who has seen the film? — I have.

10) I’ve seldom met John lately.

1) We have had five dance teachers.

2) I have bought a fat hamster.

3) Mr Collins hasn’t married his neighbour yet.

4) You know, this girl has not been to a casino.

5) Michael, have you painted the chair yet?

6) Has your friend Puppo ever tried Mongolian tea with fat?

2) has never visited

4) have you known

6) haven’t finished

8) Have you ever driven

1) have read\ have begun

3) did arrived\arrived

1) I did not see you yesterday.

2) Why did you not answer to my telephone call?

3) I have not made anything since I left.

4) You have not showed me your room yet.

5) He was there at 7 o’clock yesterday.

1) Present Perfect Simple

2) Present Perfect Simple

4) Present Perfect Simple

2) have already prepared

4) has just come

1) have not seen

3) have not been

4) has not arrived

1) Have you read

2) have they written

5) have you travelled

1) Have you ever tasted

6) have been, ordered, had

Earns, studied, found, has changed, works, has been, has been, spent

1) I haven’t seen you for a long time. Where have you been?

2) When did you last talk to her?

3) I have known him for a long time.

4) Mark and Jane have been together for 2 years. They met after football match in 2003. They have lived in their new house since spring.

7) has not played

12) have not seen

13) has not returned

1) for; 2) since; 3) for; 4) since; 5) for; 6) since; 7)since

1) have been waiting

2) have been looking

3) have been trying

4) have been playing

5) have been walking

6) has been learning

7) has been driving

8) has been rising

9) have been going out

10) have been cooking

1) How long has she been teaching us?

2) How long have you been driving?

3) How long has Harry been playing tennis?

4) How long have you been waiting for the bus?

5) How long have they been talking?

6) How long has she been working?

1) You have been working hard lately.

2) She has been teaching English for 7 years.

3) I have been reading the novel for 3 days.

4) I have been living here all my life.

5) I have been brushing up for the exam all day.

6) He has been doing the research for the last 10 years.

7) I have been trying to reach you for 3 days!

1) Maria has been learning English for two years.

2) Hello, Tom. I have been looking for you all morning. Where have you been?

3) Why are you looking at me like that? Stop it!

4) We always go to Ireland for our holidays. We have been going there for years.

5) I have been thinking about what you said and I’ve decided to take your advice.

6) «Is Ann on holiday this week?» «No, she is working.

7) Sarah is very tired. She has been working very hard recently.

1) Have you read that newspaper yet? Can I have it?

2) How long have you been cleaning that car? Haven’t you finished it yet?

3) How long have you known Rosa?

4) He has been living in Manchester since 1990.

5) She has liked you since she saw you at that party.

6) I’m sorry I’m late. How long have you been waiting?

7) I’ve played tennis twice this week.

8) It’s been raining here all morning. It started at eight.

1) She has been traveling around Europe for three months. She has visited six countries so far.

2) He has been playing tennis since he was 11. He has won the national championship four times.

3) They have been making films since they left college. They have made ten films since they left college.

1) Look! Somebody has broken that window.

2) I have been reading the book you gave me but I haven’t finished it yet.

3) ‘Sorry I’m late.’ ‘That’s all right. I have not been waiting long.

4) Hello! I have been cleaning the windows. So far I have cleaned five of them and there are two more to do.

5) There is a strange smell here. Have you been cooking something?

6) My brother is an actor. He has appeared in several films.

1) He is running now. He has been running for ten minutes without any rest.

2) What are they doing now? – They are working in the reading-room. They have been working there for already three hours.

3) Where is he now? – He is in the garden. He is playing volley-ball with his friends. They hav been playing since breakfast time.

4) I live in St. Petersburg. I have lived in St. Petersburg since 1990.

5) She has already dоing homework for two hours; but she has not done yet half of it.

6) I have been waiting for you since two o’clock.

8) This man is a writer. He writes books. He has been writing books since he was a young man. He has already written eight books.

2. Переведите на английский язык:

1) He is watching TV again. I think he has been watching it since very morning.

2) Who has taken my pen? I’ve been looking for it for several minutes.

3) We’ve already packed our things and we’ve been waiting for a taxi.

4) How long has she been talking on the phone?

5) They have been married since 1992.

6) The wather is awful. It often rains.

1) Where have you been? We have been searching for you everywhere.

2) Where have been working together for 5 years and we have accustomed to understand each other.

3) I have heard, you have made a lot in your life.

4) What have happened with you?

5) He has made all necessary visits by 5 o’clock.

1) Have been working; have not finished

3) Has taken; have been looking

4) Have been shopping; have not bought

6) Have been doing

7) Have been working; have planted

8) Have been waiting; has arrived

2) Have not bought

3) Knows; has grown; is trying

4) I have been listening

6) Have been reading

9) Have been sitting

1) Jim was on his hands and knees on the floor. He was looking for his cigarette lighter.

2) When I arrived, everyone was sitting round the table with their mouths full. They were eating.

3) When I arrived, Ann was waiting for me.

Went, returned, was getting out, saw, were wearing, thought, were, ran, disappeared, were running, dropped, was not, felt.

1) He didn’t see anything while the meeting was going on.

2) While we were discussing these problems, the GM was presenting the poor results.

3) What were you doing at this time last month?

4) He was working for ABC when the merger took place.

5) She was reading a newspaper when the phone rang.

1) He was reading his favorite novel yesterday evening.

2) They were cooking supper

3) While they were watching TVI went out.

4) Children were playing outdoors when rain began.

5) He was driving during 2 hours.

were, was, was, was, were, was, was, were, were, were,

1) She was washing the car.

2) She was going home

3) They were not watching the match

4) You were working in the shop.

1) She was sitting on a chair.

2) You were packing your bag.

3) His head was aching.

4) We were drinking tea.

5) You were repairing the bike.

1) Were was Jamie doing a language course?

2) What was Andrew carrying?

3)Who was testing our English?

4)When were we having dinner?

5) Why was Sally hurrying to school?

1) I looked out. A lot of people were standing near the house.

2) When I entered the room, she was crying.

3) We were skiing though it was snowing.

4) He was busy yesterday. He was fixing the TV set.

5) She was preparing for the examination all week.

6) At 11 o’clock he was still working.

1) I was writing with a special pen for a period last night but my hand grew tired.

2) When we arrived, she made some coffee.

3) When we arrived, she was making some coffee.

4) He read a book that evening.

5) Не was reading a book that evening.

6) The girl was drowning in the lake.

7) The girl drowned in the lake.

8) At that time, we were bathing every day.

9) My brother was always losing his keys.

Didn’t see, didn’t come, feeling, decided, was, examined, told, had, prescribed, told, did\stay,

had, was driving, crashed, didn’t see, did\get, did, was listening, remembered, asked

Was watching, phoned, were doing, jumped, was rescuing, saw, was living, did go, got off, rang, were playing, wrote, was writing, walked, did work, went, were sleeping, got, did say.

1)Can you remember what were you doing that time?

2) I took this pills from headache before.

3)When we left cinema, it was still snowing.

4) He told something, then kept silence.

5)She was there at 6 o’clock in the morning.

Went; returned; was getting, saw; were wearing; thought, were; ran, disappeared; were running, dropped; was not, left

1)It took me two hours to get to the airport.

2)It was raining when I got up this morning.

3)My grandmother read fairy tales to me when I was a child.

1) I heard that he had left New York.

2) I had read the book by five o’clock yesterday.

3) I had read the book when my friend rang me up (by the time my friend rang me up).

4) He said he hadn’t known about it then.

5) As soon as he saw us he came toward us.

1) I was sorry that I had not been nicer to him.

2) Nobody came to the meeting because Angela had forgotten to tell people about it.

4) Because he had not checked the oil for so long, the car broke down.

5) She couldn’t find the book that I had lent her.

6) All the people that we had invited turned up, and some that we had not invited.

7) They never found where he had hidden the money.

8) It was a firm that I had never heard of.

9) When she came in, we all knew where she had been.

10) The lesson had already started when I arrived.

1) I told you I had met her.

2) In the darkness he did not see the man who had spoken.

3) The sun had set and it was becoming dark.

4) I had done my homework by 8 o’clock.

5) When she came, they had been there for half an hour.

1) My best friend, Kevin, was no longer there. He had gone away.

2) The local cinema was no longer open. It had closed down.

3) Mr. Johnson was no longer alive. He had died.

4) Bill no longer had his car. He had sold it.

1) My friend was very pale when I met him. I understood that something had happened to him.

2) We had read some books about Chaikovsky before we went to Klin.

3) What factory had you worked before you entered our institute?

4) Yesterday I had to buy a new text-book as I had lost my old one?

5) Had you brother learned any foreign languages before he entered the Institute of Foreign Languages?

6) I had known nobody before Peter introduced me to his friends.

1) The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody had gone to bed.

2) I felt very tired when I got home, so I went straight to bed.

3) Sorry I am late. The car broke down on my way here.

4) There was a car by the side of the road. It had broken down and the driver was trying to repair it. So we stopped to help him.

1) Wanted\had not packed

2) Wanted\had seen

3) Arrived\had missed

4) Saw\had not studied

5) Had eaten\felt

6) Closed\had left

7) Tried\had forgotten

1) The man entered the shop, I had not seen him before

2) It was my first visit to Europe, I had not been there before

3) When I arrived at the station, the train had left.

4) When the driver asked me for a ticket, I understand that I had lost it

5) He wanted to read a book on the plane but had forgotten to buy it at the airport

1) The train had just left.

2) Everybody had already gone out.

3) They had just come from school.

4) He had arranged to meet some friends in the club.

Раздел 8

1) When I came back from holiday the plants were dead. My neighbour had forgotten to water them.

2) When she came to the office Mike was no longer there. He had already left the office.

3) I came to the garage to collect my car but it wasn’t ready. The mechanic still had not repaired it.

4) Mark couldn’t answer any questions the teacher was asking him. He had not read the book.

5) I wanted to see Kate at the party but she didn’t come. They had not invited her to the party.

6) I was surprised how well she knew the city. She had been there many times before.

7) There were a lot of police patrols in the city. A dangerous criminal had escaped from prison.

1) I knew that he had come back from Paris.

2) I had finished my work by 5 o’clock.

3) She had already left, when I came.

4) I didn’t know what to write, as I had never filled in such forms.

5) When Jack came to Mary’s place, she had already been ready to go to the cinema.

6) Kate didn’t know that John had left to Greece. He hadn’t told her.

7) I didn’t wait for you yesterday, as you hadn’t told about your visit.

8) By the end of the year he had learned to speak French.

9) I had been home for two hours when he came.

10) By the end of the week I had already done a half of my work.

11) I spent my last holiday not far from Foxtown. My friend had advised me to go there.

12) Jack decided that somebody had stolen his bike.

5. had already left

On Monday I came home at 7 o’clock. My wife hadn’t returned from her work yet. My son was sitting at the table and doing his homework. When he saw me he ran up to me and said that he had got excellent marks that day. I had dinner and began to read a newspaper. Suddenly I remembered that I had promised my friend to return his text-book. He had given it to me for two days and asked to return it in time. I put the newspaper aside and went to my friend.

1) I was tired. I had been working all day long.

2) The room was empty but there was a smell of cigarettes. Somebody had been smoking in the room.

3) It was very hot in the house and she had been lying awake for hours.

4) It had been snowing heavily and the telephone was cut down.

5) It had been raining for weeks and the only bridge across the river was destroyed.

6) He had been studying the problem for years.

1) Your friend had been living in Siberia for 5 years when he moved to the Far East.

2) She had been taking this medicine for a week until she recovered.

3) Kasparov had been playing chess for 5 years before he became the world chess champion.

4) Mr. Brown had been travelling in India for 3 years when he settled down in his native town.

5) The actors had been rehearsing the play for a month before they staged it.

6) He had been writing books for a few years when he rose to fame.

7) He had been composing music for 2 years before he became popular.

1) When I came, he had been watching TV for more than 5 hours.

2) When she phoned, Kate had already been reading a book for 6 hours.

3) When you sent a letter, we had already been living in Moscow for 5 years.

4) Had she already been reading a book for more than an hour when you phoned?

5) How long had they already been translating the text when they were allowed to (they could) use the dictionaries?

6) He had been working for more than half a year there when he received the first letter.

Тест – минимум 9

1) Dan wrote a letter to the local newspaper because he had been walking in the woods and saw some rare birds.

2) My friend’s father bought her a car as a reward. She had come top in the final examination.

3) John’s family was very impressed because he had been cooking lunch.

4) Ann’s boss gave her an extra half an hour for lunch. She had been working very hard all morning.

5) Bill’s mother was worried and she told him off because he had been away for a long time.

6) Alex cut his hand. He had been trying to mend a broken window.

7) I was very pleased when my son found my watch because I had been looking for it for hours.

8) Julia sent postcards. She had been making some new friends at a language course.

9) There was a smell of cigarettes in the room. Somebody had been there.

10) When I got home, my younger brother was sitting in front of the TV. He had been watching it.

11) I woke up in the middle of the night. I had had a nightmare.

12) I went home from the station an hour later because I hadn’t met Tim.

1) The investigator observed the crime scene very carefully. He was examining marks, fingerprints, footprints, tyremarks, cigarette stubs, and bloodstains.

2) When I arrived, Ann was waiting for me. She was rather annoyed with me because I was late and she had been waiting for a very long time.

3) I came and saw Alice. She was standing at the witness stand. It seemed to me the barrister had been questioning her for a long time. When I saw her eyes I understood, she had been crying.

4) They had been discussing the evidence for half an hour.

5) He had been serving his sentence in the Bastille for ten years.

6) I had been pondering over catching a shop-lifter red-handed for several days already.

7) The judge was announcing the sentence on the accused when you came in.

8) One evening Alf was watching the television and eating his supper when the door suddenly opened and a burglar came in.

1) By the time the child fell asleep; his mother had been cooking dinner for more than an hour.

2) When the mother came home, the children had already been doing their homework for more than an hour.

3) By 8 o’clock she had been talking on the phone for more that 3 hours.

4) We had been walking under the rain for more than an hour when we saw the house.

5) His hands were dirty. He had been digging up.

6) By that time she had been studying at the institute for 2 years.

1) It was raining while I was walking up the hill.

2) They were watching television while I was writing some letters.

3) You were talking to Mary while I was talking to John.

4) I was having a holiday while he was working hard.

5) Mary was getting ready while John was fetching the car.

6) The house was burning down while you were sleeping.

1) was; hadn’t been

2) came; had forgotten

3) had seen; knew

4) hadn’t checked; broke

6) had invited; hadn’t invited

7) never found; had hidden

8) had never heard

9) came; had been

10) had already started; arrived

3) had been waiting

4) had been running

7) had been getting

8) had been having

10) had been listening

Yesterday we wrote a test. I was late for the classes. When I entered the classroom, the students of our group were writing the test. They had been writing it for a half an hour. Some of them had already finished the test and had given it to the teacher.