The curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects
The curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects
Английский вариант (оригинал)
If all good people were clever and all clever people were good, the world would be nicer than ever.
I think that education is a key to a good future. And schools are the first step on the education-way. Schools help young people to choose their career, to prepare for their future life, they make pupils clever and well-educated. They give pupils the opportunity to fulfil their talent.
Education in Britain developed by steps. The first step was the introducing of two kinds of school: grammar schools and secondary modern schools. Grammar schools offered a predominantly academic education and in secondary modern schools education was more practical. The second step was the introducing of a new type of school, the comprehensive, a combination of grammar and secondary modern, so that all children could be continually assessed and given appropriate teaching. These school were co-educational and offered both academic and practical subjects. However, they lost the excellence of the old grammar schools. Then after 1979 were introduced the greatest reforms in schooling. They included the introduction of a National Curriculum making certain subjects, most notably science and one modern language, compulsory up to the age of 16. The National Curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects and have a better all-round education. Pupils’ progress in subjects in National Curriculum is measured by written and practical tests. More ambitious pupils continue with very specialized studies in the sixth form. They remain at school for two years more. Pupils sit for exams leaving secondary school and sixth form. They sit for the General Certificate Secondary Education at the end of the 5th-years’ course. A-level or AS-levels are taken after two years of study in the sixth form. They are the main standard for entrance to university or other higher education. Some parents prefer to pay for their children to be educated at independent schools. This private sector includes the so-called public schools, some of whose names are known all over the world, for example Eton. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. Its students are largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. The Government’s vision for the education system of the 21st century is that it will neither be divisive nor based on some lowest denominator. Diversity, choice and excellence will be its hallmarks in this century.
The American system of education differs from the systems of other countries. There are free public schools which the majority of American children attend. There are also a number or private schools where a fee is charged. Education is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 up to the age of 16 except in some states, where children must go to school until the age of 17 or 18. Elementary or primary and secondary or high schools are organized on one of two basis: 8 years of primary school and 4 years, or 6 years of primary, 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of senior high school. The junior high school is a sort of halfway between primary school and high school. The high school prepares young people either to work immediately after graduation or for more advanced study in a college or university. An important part of high school life is extra-curricular activities, they include band or school orchestra, sports and other social activities. There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Instead, there are separate institutions ranging from colleges to universities. They may be small or large, private or public, highly selective or open to all.
Русский вариант (перевод)
Если бы все хорошие люди были умны, и все умные люди были хороши, то мир был бы более хорошим чем когда-либо.
TEXT 5. Education System in Great Britain, the USA and Russia.
If all good people were clever and all clever people were good, the world would be nicer than ever.
I think that education is a key to a good future. And schools are the first step on the education-way. Schools help young people to choose their career, to prepare for their future life, they make pupils clever and well-educated. They give pupils the opportunity to fulfil their talent.
Education in Britain developed by steps. The first step was the introducing of two kinds of school: grammar schools and secondary modern schools. Grammar schools offered a predominantly academic education and in secondary modern schools education was more practical. The second step was the introducing of a new type of school, the comprehensive, a combination of grammar and secondary modern, so that all children could be continually assessed and given appropriate teaching. These school were co-educational and offered both academic and practical subjects. However, they lost the excellence of the old grammar schools. Then after 1979 were introduced the greatest reforms in schooling. They included the introduction of a National Curriculum making certain subjects, most notably science and one modern language, compulsory up to the age of 16. The National Curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects and have a better all-round education. Pupils’ progress in subjects in National Curriculum is measured by written and practical tests. More ambitious pupils continue with very specialized studies in the sixth form. They remain at school for two years more. Pupils sit for exams leaving secondary school and sixth form. They sit for the General Certificate Secondary Education at the end of the 5th-years’ course. A-level or AS-levels are taken after two years of study in the sixth form. They are the main standard for entrance to university or other higher education. Some parents prefer to pay for their children to be educated at independent schools. This private sector includes the so-called public schools, some of whose names are known all over the world, for example Eton. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. Its students are largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. The Government’s vision for the education system of the 21st century is that it will neither be divisive nor based on some lowest denominator. Diversity, choice and excellence will be its hallmarks in this century.
The American system of education differs from the systems of other countries. There are free public schools which the majority of American children attend. There are also a number or private schools where a fee is charged. Education is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 up to the age of 16 except in some states, where children must go to school until the age of 17 or 18. Elementary or primary and secondary or high schools are organized on one of two basis: 8 years of primary school and 4 years, or 6 years of primary, 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of senior high school. The junior high school is a sort of halfway between primary school and high school. The high school prepares young people either to work immediately after graduation or for more advanced study in a college or university. An important part of high school life is extra-curricular activities, they include band or school orchestra, sports and other social activities. There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Instead, there are separate institutions ranging from colleges to universities. They may be small or large, private or public, highly selective or open to all.
After you read
Questions
1. What is good education for you?
2. What is the role of education in people’s life?
3. What is the system of education in Britain?
4. What types of school in Britain?
5. What is the Nationl Curriculum?
6. What is the aim of the Nationl Curriculum?
7. What is the General Certificate Secondary Education?
8. What is the private schools in Britain?
10. What are the main branches of education in Russia?
11. What is the free education in the USA?
12. What is the compulsory education in the USA?
13. What is the aim of the high school in the USA?
Tasks
1. Fill the table
| Country | System of education |
| Russia | |
| Britain | |
| The USA |
2. Discuss the following questions
— What are the main differences between system of education in Russia, Britain and the USA?
— Where do you want to get your education and why?
3. Write the essay: «You ideal system of education.»
4. Complete the sentences.
1. Education in Britain developed by steps…
2. The National Curriculum aims…
3. The General Certificate Secondary Education…
4. The Government’s vision for the education system of the 21st century is…
5. Private sector includes…
6. The public educational system in Russia includes…
7. Compulsory education is…
8. The main branch in the system of education is the general schools…
9. Pupils who finish the general secondary school…
10. The American system of education…
11. Free public schools…
12. Elementary or primary and secondary or high schools are organized on one of two basis:…
13. The high school prepares…
14. Extra-curricular activities…
5. Translate into English.
1. Цель образование – многогранно развить личность.
3. Oбразовательные учреждения которой могут быть платными и бесплатными, коммерческими и некоммерческими.
4. Для дошкольных учреждений России характерны многофункциональность и разнотипность.
5. Общее среднее образование является центральным звеном системы образования.
6. Среднее профессиональное образование направленно на подготовку специалистов-практиков по более чем 280 специальностям и реализуется по двум основным профессиональным образовательным программам: базового уровня и повышенного уровня.
7. В зависимости от числа направлений обучения студентов вузы делятся на университеты, академии и институты.
8. Большинство учебных программ по образованию в Великобритании можно разделить по образовательным уровням, которые, в свою очередь, могут быть приравнены соответствующим российским (бакалавриат, магистратура, аспирантура).
9. Система образования Великобритании состоит из четырех основных ступеней: начального, среднего, так называемого последующего и высшего образования.
10. Как и в России, в Великобритании 11-летнее школьное образование является обязательным для детей в возрасте от 5 до 16 лет и подразделяется на два основных уровня – начальное (Primary) с 5 до 11 лет и среднее (Secondary) с 11 до 16 лет.
11. До 16 лет набор предметов, изучаемых учениками, определяется Национальным учебным планом.
12. После завершения обязательного среднего образования выпускники школ получают Общее свидетельство о среднем образовании.
13. Наличие программ А-level отличает британскую систему образования от российской.
14. Университеты и колледжи высшего образования Англии также предлагают программы подготовки (Foundation Degree) – программы последующего образования, ведущие к получению степени о высшем образовании, но более низкой по сравнению со степенью бакалавра.
15. Высшее образование в Великобритании включает в себя программы, цель которых – присуждение степени бакалавра, относящейся к степеням первого уровня (undergraduate), или так называемых послевузовских степеней (postgraduates): магистра (Master), МВА или доктора (Doctoral или PhD).
16. Большинство учащихся в Америке, не посещающих муниципальные начальные и средние школы, получают образование в частных школах, где обучение является платным.
17. В Америке колледжем считается высшее учебное заведение с четырехгодичным сроком обучения, в котором преподаются родственные дисциплины.
18. В отличие от муниципальных, начальных и средних школ, муниципальные колледжи и университеты обычно взимают плату за обучение.
19. Студенты колледжа проходят обучение по своей «основной» специальности, которую выбирают сами.
Before you read
What is the secondary education?
What are the advantages from secondary education?
If all good people were clever and all clever people were good, the world would be nicer than ever.
I think that education is a key to a good future. And schools are the first step on the education-way. Schools help young people to choose their career, to prepare for their future life, they make pupils clever and well-educated. They give pupils the opportunity to fulfil their talent.
Education in Britain developed by steps. The first step was the introducing of two kinds of school: grammar schools and secondary modern schools. Grammar schools offered a predominantly academic education and in secondary modern schools education was more practical. The second step was the introducing of a new type of school, the comprehensive, a combination of grammar and secondary modern, so that all children could be continually assessed and given appropriate teaching. These school were co-educational and offered both academic and practical subjects. However, they lost the excellence of the old grammar schools. Then after 1979 were introduced the greatest reforms in schooling. They included the introduction of a National Curriculum making certain subjects, most notably science and one modern language, compulsory up to the age of 16. The National Curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects and have a better all-round education. Pupils’ progress in subjects in National Curriculum is measured by written and practical tests. More ambitious pupils continue with very specialized studies in the sixth form. They remain at school for two years more. Pupils sit for exams leaving secondary school and sixth form. They sit for the General Certificate Secondary Education at the end of the 5th-years’ course. A-level or AS-levels are taken after two years of study in the sixth form. They are the main standard for entrance to university or other higher education. Some parents prefer to pay for their children to be educated at independent schools. This private sector includes the so-called public schools, some of whose names are known all over the world, for example Eton. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. Its students are largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. The Government’s vision for the education system of the 21st century is that it will neither be divisive nor based on some lowest denominator. Diversity, choice and excellence will be its hallmarks in this century.
The American system of education differs from the systems of other countries. There are free public schools which the majority of American children attend. There are also a number or private schools where a fee is charged. Education is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 up to the age of 16 except in some states, where children must go to school until the age of 17 or 18. Elementary or primary and secondary or high schools are organized on one of two basis: 8 years of primary school and 4 years, or 6 years of primary, 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of senior high school. The junior high school is a sort of halfway between primary school and high school. The high school prepares young people either to work immediately after graduation or for more advanced study in a college or university. An important part of high school life is extra-curricular activities, they include band or school orchestra, sports and other social activities. There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Instead, there are separate institutions ranging from colleges to universities. They may be small or large, private or public, highly selective or open to all.
Перевод текста: Education System in Great Britain, The USA and Russia
Если бы все хорошие люди были умны, и все умные люди были хороши, то мир был бы более хорошим чем когда-либо.
Использованная литература:
1. 100 тем английского устного (Каверина В., Бойко В., Жидких Н.) 2002
2. Английский язык для школьников и поступающих в ВУЗы. Устный экзамен. Топики. Тексты для чтения. Экзаменационные вопросы. (Цветкова И. В., Клепальченко И.А., Мыльцева Н.А.)
3. English, 120 Topics. Английский язык, 120 разговорных тем. (Сергеев С.П.)
Все устные топики по теме «Образование, школы»
Task 3. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.
1. Where your father (to work) last year?
2. You (to go) to the south next summer!
3. He (not to watch) TV yesterday.
4. Yesterday we (to write) a test-paper.
5. 1 (to buy) a very good book last Tuesday.
6. My granny (not to buy) bread yesterday.
7. What you (to buy) at the shop tomorrow?
8. Don’t make noise! Father(to work).
9. What your brother (to do) tomorrow?
10. What your brother (to do) yesterday?
Task 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол вPresent Continuous, Past Continuous, Future Continuous, Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.
1. She (not to read) now.
2. Now she (to go) to school.
3. Tomorrow evening I (meet) my great parents, so I just can help you.
4. What you (to do) now? – I (to drink) tea.
5. You (to drink) tea at this time yesterday? – No, I (not to drink) tea at this time yesterday, I (to eat) a banana.
6. My sister is fond of reading. She (to read) the whole evening yesterday, and now she (to read) again.
7. Look! My cat (to play) with a ball.
8. This time next month Matt (sail) with his brother to Europe.
9. When I went out into the garden, the sun (to shine) and birds (to sing) in the trees.
10. She (to read) the whole evening yesterday.
Task 5. Translate the sentences into English.(Переведите предложения на английский язык).
1. После 3-х лет обучения в вузе выпускник получает степень бакалавра.
2. Учебный год в Великобритании делится на 3 семестра.
3. Учебный план состоит из обязательных дисциплин и дисциплин по выбору студентов.
4. Университеты отличаются друг от друга своими традициями и историй.
5. Самые старые и наиболее знаменитые вузы Великобритании – Оксфорд и Кембридж.
по дисциплине «Иностранный язык профессиональной направленности»
Курс 3, семестр 2
Variant 5.
Task 1. Read and translate the text (passage 1, 2).(Прочитайте, переведите текст (1, 2 абзац).
Education in Britain developed by steps. The first step was the introducing of two kinds of school: grammar schools and secondary modern schools. Grammar schools offered a predominantly academic education and in secondary modern schools education was more practical. The second step was the introducing of a new type of school, the comprehensive, a combination of grammar and secondary modern, so that all children could be continually assessed and given appropriate teaching. These school were co-educational and offered both academic and practical subjects. However, they lost the excellence of the old grammar schools. Then after 1979 were introduced the greatest reforms in schooling. They included the introduction of a National Curriculum making certain subjects, most notably science and one modern language, compulsory up to the age of 16. The National Curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects and have a better all-round education. Pupils’ progress in subjects in National Curriculum is measured by written and practical tests. More ambitious pupils continue with very specialized studies in the sixth form. They remain at school for two years more.
Pupils sit for exams leaving secondary school and sixth form. They sit for the General Certificate Secondary Education at the end of the 5th-years’ course. A-level or AS-levels are taken after two years of study in the sixth form. They are the main standard for entrance to university or other higher education.
Some parents prefer to pay for their children to be educated at independent schools. This private sector includes the so-called public schools, some of whose names are known all over the world, for example Eton. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. Its students are largely from aristocratic and upper-class families. The Government’s vision for the education system of the 21st century is that it will neither be divisive nor based on some lowest denominator. Diversity, choice and excellence will be its hallmarks in this century.
Task 2. Put 10 questions to the text in the Task 1.(Поставьте 10 вопросов к тексту Задания 1).
Task 3. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол в Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.
1. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock every day.
2. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock yesterday.
3. I (to go) to bed at ten o’clock tomorrow.
4. I (not to go) to the cinema every day.
5. I (not to go) to the cinema yesterday.
6. I (not to go) to the cinema tomorrow.
7. You (to watch) TV every day?
8. You (to watch) TV yesterday?
9. You (to watch) TV tomorrow?
10. When you (to leave) home for school every day?
Task 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив глагол вPresent Continuous, Past Continuous, Future Continuous, Present Simple, Past Simple или Future Simple.
1. While Chris … (cook) the dinner, the cell phone … (ring).
2. Next week at this time Tom (leave) for Russia.
3. This time next year I (not/work) for this company any more.
4. I (sit) at home. You can come at six tomorrow.
5. Last morning I … (read) the newspaper in the kitchen when suddenly I … (hear) the scream of my neighbor in the yard.
6. Catherine is in Paris at the moment. She … (stay) at her friends. She usually … (stay) at her friends when she’s in Paris.
7. When he … (call) you, you … (watch) your favorite cartoon.
8. Jack … (wait) for Christina when she … (arrive).
9. At this moment she … (stay) with her brother until she finds a flat to rent.
10. We won’t be at home this evening as we (look) after our neighbor’s baby.
Task 5. Translate the sentences into English.(Переведите предложения на английский язык).
1. Некоторые родители предпочитают платить за обучение детей.
2. Итон – одна из самых известных школ Великобритании.
3. Ее ученики, в основном, из семей аристократов и высших слоев населения.
4. Оканчивая среднюю школы, ученики сдают экзамен.
по дисциплине «Иностранный язык профессиональной направленности»
Курс 3, семестр 2
Variant 6.
Task 1. Read and translate the text.(Прочитайте, переведите текст)
English educational system is quite different from what we have in Russia. It is class-divided. There some state schools and some private ones. State schools are infant, junior or secondary.
British boys and girls begin to go to school at the age of 5. They draw pictures, sing songs, listen to the stories and tales. British children begin to read and write when they enter the infant schools. Young children are divided into two groups, according to their mental abilities. Children leave infant schools when they are 7. Then they go to study at junior schools where they learn to write, read and do mathematics. Their school subjects are History, English, Geography, Arithmetics, Arts, Music, Swimming and some others. When the pupils enter the junior schools they pass abilities test. According to the results of the test and thus their intellectual potential they are divided into three groups. Boys and girls spend four years studying at junior schools. Then they pass examinations again and enter the secondary schools.
There different types of secondary schools in Britain. They are: grammar schools, modern schools and comprehensive schools. English boys and girls attend secondary schools from 11 till 16. They don’t go to schools on Saturdays and Sundays. In the modern schools pupils do not learn foreign languages. In grammar schools pupils receive better theoretical education. And the other school type is comprehensive schools. Almost all secondary pupils (around 90 per cent) go there. There are also private schools in England. Boys and girls do not study together there. It is common that aristocracy sons go to these schools and parents pay a lot of money for their education. These schools are called public. Independent and preparatory schools are private ones too. They prepare children for public schools and take money for the training. The teachers of the private schools can pay more attention to each of the pupils personally.
It is possible to enter the best English universities after leaving public schools. After finishing grammar schools pupils have good knowledge and may continue studying in colleges and universities.
Task 2. Put 10 questions to the text in the Task 1.(Поставьте 10 вопросов к тексту Задания 1).
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Система образования в Англии, США и России /english/
If all good people were clever and all clever people were good, the world would be nicer than ever.
I think that education is a key to a good future. And schools are the first step on the education-way. Schools help young people to choose their career, to prepare for their future life, they make pupils clever and well-educated. They give pupils the opportunity to fulfil their talent.
The American system of education differs from the systems of other countries. There are free public schools which the majority of American children attend. There are also a number or private schools where a fee is charged. Education is compulsory for every child from the age of 6 up to the age of 16 except in some states, where children must go to school until the age of 17 or 18. Elementary or primary and secondary or high schools are organized on one of two basis: 8 years of primary school and 4 years, or 6 years of primary, 3 years of junior high school and 3 years of senior high school. The junior high school is a sort of halfway between primary school and high school. The high school prepares young people either to work immediately after graduation or for more advanced study in a college or university. An important part of high school life is extra-curricular activities, they include band or school orchestra, sports and other social activities. There is no national system of higher education in the United States. Instead, there are separate institutions ranging from colleges to universities. They may be small or large, private or public, highly selective or open to all.