The narrator says that his journeys

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Задание № 2392

The narrator says that his journeys

1. helped him find some traces of the past.

2. extended his sympathy to a ‘stolen legacy’.

3. deepened his understanding of the concept of intellectual wars.

4. turned out to be the main contents of his book.

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia’s greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.

This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince; between the various branches of a family and its roots; between Pushkin and Africa; Africa and Europe; Europe and Russia; black and white. It is the story of a remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such a life to be explained?

My own explanation began in 2001, while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different kind of war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin’s ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn’t believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia’s greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, ‘I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?’ ‘Basically,’ he replied, with distaste, ‘you are in prison!’ The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal’s footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.

Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains, a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is Gannibal’s story. I am only following him. Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a ‘stolen legacy’, nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years. Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the centre of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires’ Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.

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The narrator says that his journeys

1) helped him find some traces of the past.

2) extended his sympathy to a ‘stolen legacy’.

3) deepened his understanding of the concept of intellectual wars.

4) turned out to be the main contents of his book.

The introduction to a new biography of Gannibal by the Author

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia’s greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.

Pushkin told the story of his black ancestor in ‘The Negro of Peter the Great’, but this biography tells a different version. The main difference is between fact and fiction. The Russian poet hoped to discover a biographical truth by sticking to the facts, only to discover that facts are slippery and not always true. His biography turned into a novel. Even then, it was left unfinished after six and a half chapters. The scrawled manuscript comes to an end with a line of dialogue — ‘Sit down, you scoundrel, let’s talk!’ — and a line of dots. Pushkin could be speaking to himself. In any case, it’s now time to stand up and carry on with the story. I have tried to join up the dots.

This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince; between the various branches of a family and its roots; between Pushkin and Africa; Africa and Europe; Europe and Russia; black and white. It is the story of a remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such a life to be explained?

My own explanation began in 2001, while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different kind of war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin’s ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn’t believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia’s greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, ‘I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?’ ‘Basically,’ he replied, with distaste, ‘you are in prison!’ The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal’s footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.

Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is Gannibal’s story. I am only following him. Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a ‘stolen legacy’, nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years. Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the centre of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires’ Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.

The narrator says that his journeys

1) brought him to Russia to work as a journalist.

2) made him go to the war in Afghanistan.

3) led him to take part in the war in Africa.

4) brought him to a river bank in Africa.

The introduction to a new biography of Gannibal by the Author

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia’s greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.

Pushkin told the story of his black ancestor in ‘The Negro of Peter the Great’, but this biography tells a different version. The main difference is between fact and fiction. The Russian poet hoped to discover a biographical truth by sticking to the facts, only to discover that facts are slippery and not always true. His biography turned into a novel. Even then, it was left unfinished after six and a half chapters. The scrawled manuscript comes to an end with a line of dialogue — ‘Sit down, you scoundrel, let’s talk!’ — and a line of dots. Pushkin could be speaking to himself. In any case, it’s now time to stand up and carry on with the story. I have tried to join up the dots.

This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince; between the various branches of a family and its roots; between Pushkin and Africa; Africa and Europe; Europe and Russia; black and white. It is the story of a remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such a life to be explained?

My own explanation began in 2001, while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different kind of war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin’s ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn’t believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia’s greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, ‘I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?’ ‘Basically,’ he replied, with distaste, ‘you are in prison!’ The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal’s footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.

Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is Gannibal’s story. I am only following him. Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a ‘stolen legacy’, nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years. Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the centre of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires’ Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.

The narrator says that his journeys

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания A15-A21, вставив цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую номеру выбранного вами варианта ответа.

The Introduction to a New Biography of Gannibal by the Author.

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia’s greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.
Pushkin told the story of his black ancestor in «The Negro of Peter the Great», but this biography tells a different version. The main difference is between fact and fiction. The Russian poet hoped to discover a biographical truth by sticking to the facts, only to discover that facts are slippery and not always true. His biography turned into a novel. Even then, it was left unfinished after six and a half chapters. The scrawled manuscript comes to an end with a line of dialogue — «Sit down, you scoundrel, let’s talk!» — and a line of dots. Pushkin could be speaking to himself. In any case, it’s now time to stand up and carry on with the story. I have tried to join up the dots.
This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince, between the various branches of a family and its roots, between Pushkin and Africa, Africa and Europe, Europe and Russia, black and white. It is the story of remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such life to be explained?
My own explanation began in 2001 while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin’s ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn’t believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia’s greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, «I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?» «Basically,» he replied, with distaste, “you are in prison!» The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal’s footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.
Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is
Gannibal’s story. I am only following him.
Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a «stolen legacy», nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years.
Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the centre of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires’ Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.

A15 The slave’s Russian descendants believe that the slave
1) had Russian royal blood in him.
2) was Peter the Great’s godfather.
3) belonged to the royal family in his native land.
4) was a close friend of the English royal family.

A16 According to the narrator, the biography of Pushkin’s ancestor turned into a novel because Pushkin
1) didn’t like the true biographical facts he had discovered.
2) found it impossible to stick to the facts that were doubtful.
3) could not do without describing fictional events.
4) found the true facts of the slave’s biography uninspiring.

A17 The narrator’s objective in writing the book was to
1) write a new version of the novel «The Negro of Peter the Great».
2) continue the story from where it was unfinished.
3) interpret the storyteller’s attitude to his ancestor.
4) prove that Pushkin’s ancestor was an African prince.

A18 The narrator says that his research for the book
1) brought him to Russia to work as a journalist.
2) made him go to the war in Afghanistan.
3) led him to take part in the war in Africa.
4) brought him to a river bank in Africa.

A19 The lesson that the narrator learnt from his arrest was
1) not to use a camera and compass at the frontline.
2) to avoid speaking to people in his best posh English accent.
3) not to distort information about real events.
4) never to tell people about his research.

A20 The narrator says that his journeys
1) helped him find some traces of the past.
2) extended his sympathy to a «stolen legacy».
3) deepened his understanding of the concept of intellectual wars.
4) turned out to be the main contents of his book.

A21 The narrator points out that at the time of Gannibal
1) negro slaves played a variety of roles in the theatre.
2) black slaves were like stage extras in royal processions.
3) many Africans made a brilliant career at the court.
4) Africans were not a novelty in the capital of Russia.

Подготовка к ЕГЭ по английскому языку 11 класс

Раздел 1. Аудирование.

1. Вы услы­ши­те 6 вы­ска­зы­ва­ний. Уста­но­ви­те со­от­вет­ствие между вы­ска­зы­ва­ни­я­ми каж­до­го го­во­ря­ще­го A–F и утвер­жде­ни­я­ми, дан­ны­ми в спис­ке 1–7. Ис­поль­зуй­те каж­дое утвер­жде­ние, обо­зна­чен­ное со­от­вет­ству­ю­щей циф­рой, толь­ко один раз. В за­да­нии есть одно лиш­нее утвер­жде­ние. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

1. Before such tours you should learn how to move and breathe in rapid water.

2. This company ignores tourists’ safety.

3. Rafting can be life-threatening.

4. This kind of tour is for strong and fit people.

5. Professional staff make these difficult tours fun.

6. If you secure your life jacket properly, you’ll come home safely.

7. Team spirit and optimism are important in such tours.

2. Вы услы­ши­те диа­лог. Опре­де­ли­те, какие из при­ведённых утвер­жде­ний А–G со­от­вет­ству­ют со­дер­жа­нию тек­ста (1 – True), какие не со­от­вет­ству­ют (2 – False) и о чём в тек­сте не ска­за­но, то есть на ос­но­ва­нии тек­ста нель­зя дать ни по­ло­жи­тель­но­го, ни от­ри­ца­тель­но­го от­ве­та (3 – Not stated). За­не­си­те номер вы­бран­но­го Вами ва­ри­ан­та от­ве­та в таб­ли­цу. Вы услы­ши­те за­пись два­жды.

A) Mary’s mother is not interested in Robin Hood.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

B) I A vintage inn is an average countryside pub.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

C) Food prices in a vintage inn are rather high.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

D) Vintage inns offer only traditional British cuisine.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

E) Vintage inns are often close to local sights.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

F) The level of service can vary in different vintage inns.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

G) Mary has a map of vintage inns.

1) Т rue 2) False 3) Not stated

3. Вы услы­ши­те ре­пор­таж два­жды. В заданиях 3-9 обведите цифру 1,2 или 3, соответствующую выбранному вами варианта ответа. Вы услышите запись дважды.

3. Viral marketing is used to promote

1) only chocolate, health products and football teams..

2) things that potential buyers need badly.

3) all types of goods, products and other things.

4. What is TRUE about Viral marketing and advertising?

1) It is inexpensive compared to traditional advertising.

2) It is always more successful than “hard sell” advertising.

3) It randomly contacts huge numbers of people.

5. What is NOT TRUE about Viral advertising and marketing?

1) It forces people to buy unnecessary things.

2) It only works on teenagers or people with hobbies.

3) It is the practice of placing messages on Internet sites.

6.It is called an epidemic when

1) huge numbers of people buy what they really need.

2) lots of people become internet friends.

3) huge numbers of people pass on a sales message.

7. Many believe that viral marketing is wrong because

1) it steals peoples secrets.

2) hired people pretend to be members of a chat group.

3) it puts innocent comments on the internet.

8. Astroturfing is about

1) sharing and discussing political opinions.

2) spontaneous “word of mouth” opinion sharing.

3) falsely creating public opinion.

9. The writer believes the best way to get an opinion is to

1) be cautious about astroturfing techniques.

2) hear it in real conversations.

3) avoid fake messages.

Раздел 2. Чтение

10.Установите соответствие между текстами A–G и заголовками 1–8. Занесите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании один заголовок лишний .

1. Controversies and developments

2. Difficult to find the difference

3. Good for various spheres of life

4. Keeping viewers glued to a TV set

5. Unusual commercials

8. The appearance of TV advertising

B. In the earliest days of television, it was often difficult to understand whether you watch actual television programmes or commercials. Many of the earliest television shows were sponsored by single companies, who inserted their names and products into the shows as much as possible. For example, Texaco employees appeared during the show to perform while the Texaco musical logo would play in the background.

C. Another important milestone came in the 1960s with the introduction of very short commercial breaks during a TV show. Now it was possible for several companies to use a popular programme as an advertising platform together. It was one of the most efficient ways of marketing, and companies like Tide and Crest took it as an opportunity to expand their ad campaigns.

D. In the 1970s, the broadcast of television advertisements which promoted cigarettes was banned by the administration. This resulted in a conflict between the government and television networks, as for them these ads constituted a significant portion of the total revenue. The period between the 1970s and the 1990s was marked by the increase of the time of commercial breaks from 9 to 19 minutes or the debut of celebrities advertising brand products.

E. Today the vast majority of television commercials consist of brief advertising spots, ranging in length from a few seconds to several minutes. Commercials of this sort have been used to sell literally every product imaginable over the years, from household products to goods and services, to political campaigns. It is considered impossible for a politician to wage a successful election campaign without airing a good television commercial.

F. The brief commercial «breaks» that interrupt shows regularly are the primary reason for the existence of modern-day television networks. The programming is intended to capture the attention of the audience so that they will not want to change the channel; instead, they will (hopefully) watch the commercials while waiting for the next segment of the show. Entire industries exist that focus solely on the task of keeping the viewing audience interested enough to sit through commercials.

11 . Про­чи­тай­те текст и за­пол­ни­те про­пус­ки A–F ча­стя­ми пред­ло­же­ний, обо­зна­чен­ны­ми циф­ра­ми 1–7. Одна из ча­стей в спис­ке 1–7 — лиш­няя. За­не­си­те цифры, обо­зна­ча­ю­щие со­от­вет­ству­ю­щие части пред­ло­же­ний, в таб­ли­цу.

People have always looked for adventure. Now, however, a new extreme sport seems to appear every week. What are the latest ways people have found to give themselves the ultimate thrill?

One way is horse boarding. All you need is a skateboard, a horse and two people. The rider of the horse makes the horse run and the person on the skateboard is pulled along. A ________ Well, it isn’t. First of all, a horse can go from standing still to fifty kilometres an hour very quickly, so the increase in speed in very sudden. Secondly, horses are animals. Boats, motorbikes and other machines can be controlled, but horses are much more difficult. B ________ They may stop suddenly, change direction or even decide to jump over something.

If you’re not keen on working with animals, there are other new ideas. How about zorbing? C ________ The sport began back in 2000, but it has recently become more popular. A zorb is a giant plastic ball. You get in and roll down a hill. Zorbing was invented in New Zealand. D ________ Life must be dull in that country to make people come up with all these strange ways of getting excitement in their lives. If zorbing sounds too safe, here’s another idea. Volcano boarding. All you need is a specially made board and protective clothes. E ________ That’s where you can find the Cerro Negro mountain, a live volcano which is perfect for this sport. It’s only 700 metres high, but the surface is covered in loose pieces of lava and rock. This is perfect for reaching speeds of up to eighty kilometres an hour.F ________ That’s why you should make sure you’re wearing a helmet and thick clothes

1. Oh, and a plane ticket to Nicaragua.

3. That’s the same place bungee jumping comes from.

4. This is not actually very new.

5. That’s why these special rules for the sport have been introduced.

6. They don’t always do what we expect.

7. It is very hard, though, if you fall off.

Прочитайте текст и выполните задания 12-18. В каждом задании запишите в поле ответа цифру 1,2,3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному вами варианту ответа.

The Introduction to a New Biography of Gannibal by the Author

Alexander Pushkin was not only Russia’s greatest poet, but he was also the great-grandson of an African slave. The slave, whose godfather was Peter the Great, claimed to have royal blood of his own. Certainly his Russian descendants believed that he was an African prince. His descendants have included members as well as close friends of the English royal family. So the legend goes on.
Pushkin told the story of his black ancestor in «The Negro of Peter the Great», but this biography tells a different version. The main difference is between fact and fiction. The Russian poet hoped to discover a biographical truth by sticking to the facts, only to discover that facts are slippery and not always true. His biography turned into a novel. Even then, it was left unfinished after six and a half chapters. The scrawled manuscript comes to an end with a line of dialogue — «Sit down, you scoundrel, let’s talk!» — and a line of dots. Pushkin could be speaking to himself. In any case, it’s now time to stand up and carry on with the story. I have tried to join up the dots.
This is a book, then, about a missing link between the storyteller and his subject, an African prince, between the various branches of a family and its roots, between Pushkin and Africa, Africa and Europe, Europe and Russia, black and white. It is the story of a remarkable life and it poses the question: how is such a life to be explained?
My own explanation began in 2001, while I was living in Russia and working there as a journalist. The first draft was written during the war in Afghanistan, on the road to Kabul, but it describes my journey to the frontline of a different war in Africa between the armies of Ethiopia and Eritrea. According to legend, Pushkin’s ancestor was born there, on the northern bank of the River Mareb, where I was arrested for taking photographs and compass readings, on suspicion of being a spy. Understandably my captors didn’t believe that I was only a journalist researching the life of Russia’s greatest writer. At the military camp, where I was held for a number of hours, the commandant looked me up and down when I asked, in my best posh English accent, «I say, my good man, can you tell me, basically, what is going on here?» «Basically,» he replied, with distaste, «you are in prison!» The incident taught me something. Journalists, like biographers, are meant to respect facts, and by retracing Gannibal’s footsteps, I hoped to find a true story.
Some of those journeys lie behind the book, and are used whenever it is helpful to show that the past often retains a physical presence for the biographer — in landscapes, buildings, portraits, and above all in the trace of handwriting on original letters or journals. But my own journeys are not the point of the book. It is Gannibal’s story. I am only following him.
Descriptions of Africa and the slave trade result from my journeys, but this is not a book about a «stolen legacy», nor certainly about the intellectual wars that have been part of black history in recent years. Biographers, like novelists, should tell stories. I have tried to do this. I should, however, point out from the outset that Gannibal was not the only black face to be seen in the center of fashionable St Petersburg at that time. Negro slaves were a common sight in the grand salons of Millionaires’ Street and they appeared in a variety of roles, such as pets, pages, footmen, mascots, mistresses, favourites and adopted children. At the Winter Palace, so-called court Arabs, usually Ethiopians dressed in turbans and baggy trousers stood guard like stage extras in the marble wings.
A12. The slave’s Russian descendants believe that the slave
1) had Russian royal blood in him.
2) was Peter the Great’s godfather.
3) belonged to the royal family in his native land.
4) was a close friend of the English royal family.

A13. According to the narrator, the biography of Pushkin’s ancestor turned into a novel because Pushkin
1) didn’t like the true biographical facts he had discovered.
2) found it impossible to stick to the facts that were doubtful.
3) could not do without describing fictional events.
4) found the true facts of the slave’s biography uninspiring.

A14. The narrator’s objective in writing the book was to
1) write a new version of the novel «The Negro of Peter the Great».
2) continue the story from where it was left unfinished.
3) interpret the storyteller’s attitude to his ancestor.
4) prove that Pushkin’s ancestor was an African prince.

A15. The narrator says that his research for the book
1) brought him to Russia to work as a journalist.
2) made him go to the war in Afghanistan.
3) led him to take part in the war in Africa.
4) brought him to a river bank in Africa.

A16. The lesson that the narrator learnt from his arrest was
1) not to use a camera and compass at the frontline.
2) to avoid speaking to people in his best posh English accent.
3) not to distort information about real events.
4) never to tell people about his research.

A17. The narrator says that his journeys
1) helped him find some traces of the past.
2) extended his sympathy to a «stolen legacy».
3) deepened his understanding of the concept of intellectual wars.
4) turned out to be the main contents of his book.

A18. The narrator points out that at the time of Gannibal
1) negro slaves played a variety of roles in the theatre.
2) black slaves were like stage extras in royal processions.
3) many Africans made a brilliant career at the court.
4) Africans were not a novelty in the capital of Russia.

Раздел 3. Грамматика и лексика.

напечатанные заглавными буквами и обозначенные номерами 19-25, так, чтобы они грамматически соответствовали содержанию текстов. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 19-25.

Research into the Common Cold

It pays to catch a cold in Cardiff if you 19_______BE a student in the city. The Welsh capital is home to the Common Cold Centre, which claims to be the 20_______WORLD only organization dedicated to researching and testing treatments for colds and influenza. 21___________BASE at the University of Cardiff, the center has a ready source of test subjects for its regular clinical trials: the university’s 22,000 students. Most of 22__________THEY are grateful for any source of income and together they catch 80,000 colds a year. Some of 23___________BIG drug and health care companies in the world pay Cardiff’s students to take part in the research. Researchers recently 24___________CARRY out a study to establish if exposure to cold temperatures really does cause a cold, a common belief that has been difficult to prove. The results of the study appeared to confirm this belief: 25___________STAY warm may help to prevent people from catching cold.

Прочитайте приведенный ниже текст. Образуйте от слов, напечатанных заглавными буквами и обозначенных номерами 26-31, однокоренные слова так, чтобы они грамматически и лексически соответствовали содержанию текста. Заполните пропуски полученными словами. Каждый пропуск соответствует отдельному заданию из группы 26-31.

When the British travel in their country for a holiday, what’s their favourite destination? This topic could lead to a 26__________LENGTH discussion, but one place that often wins awards is St Ives. St Ives is a town in Cornwall, the most south-westerly county in England. It lies on the Celtic Sea at the tip of the Cornish peninsula, and its white-sand beaches and year-round pleasant weather make it seem 27___________TROPICS in comparison to the rest of Britain. The town has a rich past, and some notable buildings date back centuries. A fisherman’s tavern known as the Sloop Inn is believed to have been built in 1312 and has displayed the 28_________PAINT of local artists for many years. Although mostly regarded as a resort town now, St Ives was 29_____________ HISTORY a fishing port, one of the largest in the area. Billions of fish have been exported from the town over the years. Dozens of artists make St Ives their home. They gain much 30____________ INSTIRE from looking out to the open seas or at the lovely landscaped hills on the inland side. The work that the artists of St Ives do is so 31___________ IMPRESS that a Tate gallery has been founded in the town and documentaries have been made to showcase the artists’ lives.

Прочитайте текст с пропусками, обозначенными номерами 32–38. Эти номера соответствуют заданиям 32–38, в которых представлены возможные варианты ответов. Запишите в поле ответа цифру 1, 2, 3 или 4, соответствующую выбранному Вами варианту ответа.

How the USA Constitution Began

The USA Constitution was written by fifty-five men who met 32___ Philadelphia Convention in 1787. In four months they wrote the Constitution which has lasted over 200 years!

Many of these men had been leaders during the American Revolution. Most were leaders in their states. Some were rich, but most were not. There were no native Americans 33______ the delegates. There were no women. There were no black men or slaves. Poor farmers were not present 34_____. George Washington, James Madison, and Benjamin Franklin were the three important delegates to the Convention. George Washington 35____ from Virginia. Then he had retired to his plantation and would have liked to 36____ there. However, his friends 37____him he should attend the convention.

They said his support was necessary to get a new constitution accepted by the people. 38____ Washington thought a stronger national government was necessary, he came to Philadelphia.

32 1) at 2) in 3) with 4) on

33 1) from 2) among 3) of 4) between

34 1) neither 2) also 3) either 4) yet

35 1) ran 2) arrived 3) went 4) came

36 1) remain 2) continue 3) stay 4) keep

37 1)said 2) told 3) talked 4) spoke

38 1) while 2) then 3) since 4) as

By the way, my sister have started her swimming lessons recently.

Write a letter to Jane and answer her questions

Ask 3 questions about her sister
Write about 100—140 words.
Remember the rules of letter writing.
You have 20 minutes to do the task.

40. Comment on the following statement

Most teachers believe that all subjects at school are equally useful.

What is your opinion? Do you agree with this statement? Write 200–250 words. Use the following plan:

− make an introduction (state the problem)

− express your personal opinion and give 2–3 reasons for your opinion

− express an opposing opinion and give 1–2 reasons for this opposing opinion

− explain why you don’t agree with the opposing opinion

− make a conclusion restating your position