What are the advantages of the metro compared to other means of transport
What are the advantages of the metro compared to other means of transport
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите Ваши ответы в таблицу.
1. What should you remember to stay safe using the Metro?
2. Which is the longest Metro train route?
3. When did the Moscow Metro start working?
4. What are the advantages of the Metro compared to other means of transport?
5. How fast does the Metro system grow?
6. What are the inconveniences of using the Metro?
7. What materials were used to decorate the Metro stations?
A.The idea of an efficient transportation system in Moscow dates back to the time of Russian Empire. However, it was not developed into a construction plan due to World War I and the Civil War. The government of the Soviet Union got back to the idea in the 1920s, and in 1935 the Moscow Metro accepted its first passengers. The opening ceremony took place on May 15th, at 7am. The city celebrated the event with parades, concerts and performances.
B. The population of Moscow is around 12 million people. There are also a lot of people who come to the capital on business, excursions or to change plane or train, as Moscow is the main transportation centre. If there was no underground transport, it would be impossible to avoid a traffic standstill in the city. In fact, the Metro is very punctual. There are no traffic jams underground and, when taking the Metro, the passengers save time and nerves.
C. Lots of the city passengers prefer the Metro to cars and buses in spite of some discomfort caused by too many people. The problem is that the stations, the passages between them, and the railway cars get really overcrowded in rush hours. Sometimes there are lines to enter the Metro, though, fortunately, the waiting time is quite short.
D. When you travel on the Moscow Metro, long magnificent staircases get you downstairs and upstairs. They run fast and you need to be really careful to step on and off them in time. To avoid accidents, never cross the waiting line at the station until the coming train stops completely. Remember that you should never lean on the doors of the railway cars when the car is in motion — it can be really dangerous.
E. Apart from being an efficient means of transport, the Moscow Metro is a very ambitious architectural and art project. The stations look radiant and brilliant due to marble, bronze, steel, milk glass and other luxurious interior materials. The best architects, such as L. Polyakov, K. Ruzhkov, A. Medvedev and others, worked on it. The chief lighting engineer was Abram Damsky, who cleverly used the light to highlight the beauty of the stations.
F. The first line of the Moscow Metro was 11 km long and included 13 stations. Now there more than 230 stations, most of which are underground, but there are also surface-level and elevated stations. The project that is currently in progress suggests that about 150 km of new lines are to be opened within ten years, between 2012 and 2022.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
Вопрос
B — 4. In fact, the Metro is very punctual. There are no traffic jams underground and, when taking the Metro, the passengers save time and nerves.
C — 6. The problem is that the stations, the passages between them, and the railway cars get really overcrowded in rush hours.
D — 1. To avoid accidents, never cross the waiting line at the station until the coming train stops completely. Remember that you should never lean on the doors of the railway cars when the car is in motion — it can be really dangerous.
E — 7. The stations look radiant and brilliant due to marble, bronze, steel, milk glass and other luxurious interior materials.
F — 5. The first line of the Moscow Metro was 11 km long and included 13 stations. Now there more than 230 stations, most of which are underground, but there are also surface-level and elevated stations.
What are the advantages of the metro compared to other means of transport
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы. Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа. Занесите Ваши ответы в таблицу.
1. What should you remember to stay safe using the Metro?
2. Which is the longest Metro train route?
3. When did the Moscow Metro start working?
4. What are the advantages of the Metro compared to other means of transport?
5. How fast does the Metro system grow?
6. What are the inconveniences of using the Metro?
7. What materials were used to decorate the Metro stations?
A.The idea of an efficient transportation system in Moscow dates back to the time of Russian Empire. However, it was not developed into a construction plan due to World War I and the Civil War. The government of the Soviet Union got back to the idea in the 1920s, and in 1935 the Moscow Metro accepted its first passengers. The opening ceremony took place on May 15th, at 7am. The city celebrated the event with parades, concerts and performances.
B. The population of Moscow is around 12 million people. There are also a lot of people who come to the capital on business, excursions or to change plane or train, as Moscow is the main transportation centre. If there was no underground transport, it would be impossible to avoid a traffic standstill in the city. In fact, the Metro is very punctual. There are no traffic jams underground and, when taking the Metro, the passengers save time and nerves.
C. Lots of the city passengers prefer the Metro to cars and buses in spite of some discomfort caused by too many people. The problem is that the stations, the passages between them, and the railway cars get really overcrowded in rush hours. Sometimes there are lines to enter the Metro, though, fortunately, the waiting time is quite short.
D. When you travel on the Moscow Metro, long magnificent staircases get you downstairs and upstairs. They run fast and you need to be really careful to step on and off them in time. To avoid accidents, never cross the waiting line at the station until the coming train stops completely. Remember that you should never lean on the doors of the railway cars when the car is in motion — it can be really dangerous.
E. Apart from being an efficient means of transport, the Moscow Metro is a very ambitious architectural and art project. The stations look radiant and brilliant due to marble, bronze, steel, milk glass and other luxurious interior materials. The best architects, such as L. Polyakov, K. Ruzhkov, A. Medvedev and others, worked on it. The chief lighting engineer was Abram Damsky, who cleverly used the light to highlight the beauty of the stations.
F. The first line of the Moscow Metro was 11 km long and included 13 stations. Now there more than 230 stations, most of which are underground, but there are also surface-level and elevated stations. The project that is currently in progress suggests that about 150 km of new lines are to be opened within ten years, between 2012 and 2022.
Текст
A
B
C
D
E
F
Вопрос
A — 3. The government of the Soviet Union got back to the idea in the 1920s, and in 1935 the Moscow Metro accepted its first passengers. The opening ceremony took place on May 15th, at 7am.
B — 4. In fact, the Metro is very punctual. There are no traffic jams underground and, when taking the Metro, the passengers save time and nerves.
C — 6. The problem is that the stations, the passages between them, and the railway cars get really overcrowded in rush hours.
D — 1. To avoid accidents, never cross the waiting line at the station until the coming train stops completely. Remember that you should never lean on the doors of the railway cars when the car is in motion — it can be really dangerous.
E — 7. The stations look radiant and brilliant due to marble, bronze, steel, milk glass and other luxurious interior materials.
F — 5. The first line of the Moscow Metro was 11 km long and included 13 stations. Now there more than 230 stations, most of which are underground, but there are also surface-level and elevated stations.
Pros and Cons of Using the Metro
The city is the place of the greatest concentration of various activities in the area that have high transport requirements, which should be met quickly and efficiently. Since different human activities are carried out in spatially remote places, it is necessary to organize the transport system to most effectively bridge those distances.
In this way, the transport system emerges as a consequence of the location of activities in space. The deterioration of transport conditions reduces accessibility to precisely the activities that the transport system serves. This makes the transport system a necessary condition for performing and developing these activities.
Public transport is the key to a successful traffic solution in major cities. Individual car transport involves supporting infrastructure (highways, bypasses, parking spaces, etc.), traffic jams, air pollution, and noise pollution, problems with existing road and street infrastructure to accommodate more burdens with population growth, etc.
The metro is in line with the needs of the city, with minimal disruption to other traffic. It will improve the city transportation system and meet the requirements of our city and its residents. If you want to take full advantage of the subway, go check MetroJourneyPlanner and enjoy the ride.
When all the above characteristics are added to the low cost of maintenance and operation, it is simply concluded that this is an efficient, safe, cost-effective, visually appealing and therefore the best answer to the needs of modern citizens
The attachment to the soil, the continuity of the lines and stations of the metro system stimulates the development of the use of surfaces, which are based and depend on quality transport service.
In this way, metro stations generate their users and permanently bind them to themselves, which, through the process of urban planning and design, enables the creation of an attractive urban environment. All the features and benefits of a subway system come to full expression only if the system is adequately designed and funded and fully exploited.
The benefits of subway construction and exploitation can be seen through traffic effects and other social-economic benefits. In doing so, some of these benefits can be seen as direct, which can be expressed by economic criteria, and indirect, where this is not possible.
Pros of metro exploitation have the following benefits are shortening travel time, improving the level of public transport services, and increasing the accessibility of the central zone. There are also direct socio-economic effects which include: investment savings (savings generated by the reduced volume of construction of the street network, parking space and smaller investments in other forms of urban public transport), and functional savings (realized through savings in operating costs of other modes of public transport and energy savings).
There are also urban economic effects when you are using the metro, such as urban economic effects (saving on travel time, economic benefits, savings obtained by the revitalization of the city center, and reduced volume of the demolition of residential and public buildings).
The most commonly used indirect effects are environmental effects (reduced air pollution and reduced noise emission), and reliability of the system (expressed through the independence of the metro route concerning the street network and other traffic subsystems). There are also reserves in transportation capacity (benefits provided by light metro for future, increased traffic needs that do not require additional investment).
In the article below, we have listed the main pros and cons of using the metro, so if you want to find out more about it, just continue reading.
Pros of using metro:
There is no cheaper way of transportation than the metro. To get to work by car, you need to refuel and maintain a car, pay for insurance, fees, and any other expenses. These costs do not exist when you take the subway, it is a very economical means of transportation, and many metro systems offer discounts on monthly tickets.
Convenience
A subway ride is much more comfortable than a bus ride, you don’t have to worry about the bus breaking down or getting in the crowd as you rush to work. The metro is known as the fastest form of transportation that avoids traffic jams because it goes underground.
Safety
If you think the subway is not a reliable and safe way of transportation, you have been fooled. It is much safer than a car, and if you think the metro is a target for terrorist attacks, it is also not, because all major metros today have security cameras and chemical weapons sensors installed.
Environmental Friendliness
For all environmentally conscious people, the metro is the right choice when it comes to transport because it is a completely green type of vehicle. Also, the transport system does not emit harmful gases into the air.
Cons of using metro:
Noise
The metro is one of the busiest transports and throughout the ride, not only when standing and moving. People riding the subway are exposed throughout the ride to the sound of high decibels that can permanently damage hearing. That is why you can often see in subway people with in-ear headphones, in addition to interrupting time with music, or podcasts, they also reduce the outside noise from the subway.
Heavy Crowding
In most cities where there is a metro, thousands of people use it daily, especially during rush hours, that is, when they go to work and return from work every day. People become extremely sensitive and anxious in these crowds when they need to enter the subway through a crowd of people.
Criminal Activity
Theft and pickpocketing are the most common criminal acts sitting in the subway, though it is provided with security cameras and police security. At some stations in some big cities, this type of crime is increasing every year.
Spread of diseases
The metro is a litter of bacteria and viruses because it is used by thousands of people every day, and if you practice detailed hand hygiene, you can avoid this, but you will certainly pick up some disease if you ride the subway rather than your car.
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5 Modes of Transportation with their Advantages and Disadvantages
In this article, I will explain the different modes of transportation and as well as their advantages or disadvantages…
Transportation ensures time and place utility. It results in the movement of goods from one place to another place thus making the product available through the customer at the right time. There can be various modes of transport or transportation.
Table of Contents
Modes of Transportation-
The modes of transport include various types of factors or methods to transfer the goods or product from one place to another place. The modes are:-
1. Roadways Transportation:
A road is an identifiable route way or path between two or more places. This mode of transport helps to transfer the goods from one place to another place by road through various methods like auto, buses, trucks, cargos, and other suitable factors.
In road transport, the chances of an accident are very high and it is also very risky.
Advantages of Road Transport:
(i) It is very flexible in nature.
(ii) It helps to facilitate the movement of goods even in remote areas.
(iii) It provides alternatives in the form of car, rickshaw, auto, cars, bus, trucks, and so on.
(iv) It is good for transporting perishable products.
(v) It requires low capital investments.
(vi) It is very suitable for a short distance journey.
Disadvantages of Road Transport:
(i) It is not suited for long distance as it is not economical.
(ii) Slow as compared to railways.
(iii) Goods can be destroyed/damage due to specks of dust and pollutions.
(iv) It is time-consuming.
(v) Accidents and Breakdowns.
2. Railways Transportation:
It is a means of transport in which the goods are transferred from one place to another place and as well as transfers the passenger from one place to another destination. It is preferred due to high speed. Invariance to road transport, where vehicles run on a flat road or surface, rail vehicles are directionally managed by the rail tracks on which they run.
Rail transport helps to provide administrative facilities to the government. The public servants and defense forces run their mobility from the railways.
Advantages of Railways Transportation:
(i) It is economical for long distances because it can easily cover all area of states and cities.
(ii) This means of transport is very faster than roadways.
(iii) Most suitable for carrying a bulky amount of goods and products.
(iv) It provides proper protection from exposure to sun and dust pollutions.
(v) It is the most dependable means of transport.
(vi) It is the very safest means of transport.
(vii) Rail transport helps to provide employment opportunities to both skilled and unskilled individuals.
Disadvantages of Railways Transportation:
(i) Huge capital required for construction maintenance.
(ii) It is not suitable for hilly areas.
(iii) It is not flexible in nature.
(iv) The cost and time of terminal operations are the major disadvantages of rail transport.
(vi) It consists much time for booking of goods through the comparison of road transport.
3. Water Transportation:
It involves the movement of goods through oceans and seas. There are more than 365 ports in India with Vishakapatnam contributing to maximum portion traffic. It can be categorized into three several categories:-
In water transport, the weights of goods are very large in comparison to other means of transports. It plays a very crucial role in the development of exports and imports of goods in the different parts of the world.
Advantages of Water Transportation:
(i) It is the very cheapest or easiest means of transportation.
(ii) Goods in bulk are transported.
(iii) It promotes foreign or international trade.
(iv) It can easily carry a huge quantity of goods such as timber and coal.
(v) In comparison to other transport, the risks capacity is very low.
Disadvantages of Water Transportation:
(i) One of the drawbacks is there is a delay in the movement of goods from one place to another.
(ii) Performance is affected by seasonal variations.
(iii) It can be used in a limited area of operations because it can only run on seas or oceans.
(iv) Water transport is very unsuitable for small businesses because it carries a small number of goods.
4. Air Transportation:
The important characteristic of air transport is that does not need a particular surface track for its working operations. It is the fastest means of transportation. But the cost of operations is very high according to other modes.
Advantages of Air Transportation:
(i) Fastest means of transportation.
(ii) Useful moving the goods in the amount of bulk.
(iii) Each and every area of accessible.
(iv) Vital for national security and defense.
(v) Very useful in earthquakes and other floods.
(vi) It provides an efficient, regular, and quick service.
(vii) It is very suitable for emergency services.
Disadvantages of Air Transportation:
(i) The large capital investment needed.
(ii) Not suitable for working goods.
(iii) May be affected by rains.
(iv) Risks of accidents are highest.
(v) This mode of transport requires a specialized skill and a high degree of training for its working operations.
5. Pipelines Transportation:
Pipelines transportation is used for sending the liquids and gases from one place to another place. Through this means of transport, we can also send chemicals, biofuels, and natural gases.
Advantages of Pipelines Transportation:
(i) They are very flexible in transporting liquids and gases.
(ii) It consumes low energy power.
(iii) It needs a limited area of maintenance.
(iv) Pipelines are very safe and accident-free transport.
Disadvantages of Pipelines Transportation:
(i) It is not flexible in nature.
(ii) It is restricted in a limited area of work.
(iii) Difficult to make security arrangements for this transport.
So, these are the five points or brief explanation on the topic of modes of transportation…
What are the advantages of the metro compared to other means of transport
Автор: Жанымгул Ырысбековна Джусупбекова
Организация: МАОУ СОШ №24
Населенный пункт: г. Пермь
Фразовый глагол представляет собой обычный глагол с предлогом, частицей или наречием, однако, часто, этот самый предлог, частица или наречие меняет значение глагола до неузнаваемости. Вспомните:
В английском языке мы часто используем глаголы вместе с предлогами или наречиями. Но есть ситуации, когда при таком соседстве полностью меняется смысл и глагола, и предлога, и наречия по отдельности.
Фразовые глаголы (phrasal verbs) – это неизменяемые словосочетания. Они состоят из глагола и наречия с предлогом / предлога / наречия. При этом у подобной конструкции появляется новое значение, которое отличается от перевода ее компонентов в отдельности. Понимать такие глаголы нужно как одну смысловую единицу.
Tidy up – приводить в порядок
Stay up – не спать
Go out with – пойти гулять с кем-либо
Look after – ухаживать за кем-то
Split up with – расставаться с кем-то
В качестве закрепления материала по теме учащиеся учат наизусть данные фразовые глаголы и выполняют следующие упражнения.
Упр.1 Complete the sentences with the verbs below. Дополните предложения глаголами, данными ниже. 1. At the end of the film, it _____ out that the couple used to be married to each other.
2. I’m really tired this morning — I ___ on making mistakes
3. I’m trying to ____ up with an idea for my essay. 4. Sleep helps to ____ up our memories.
5. To _____ out more about sleep, visit our website.
6. It’s not a good idea to _____ up all night and study.
7. Last year scientists decided to ______ into the effects of sleep on university students.
Упр.2 Match the phrasal verbs in sentences 1-5 with definitions a-e. Use a dictionary if you need to. – Сопоставьте фразовые глаголы в предложениях 1-5 с определениями а-е. Используйте словарь, если вам нужно. 1. He’s fallen out with his girlfriend. They’re not talking to each other anymore.
2. She’s the most popular girl in the class. She gets on with everyone.
3. He’s clever, good-looking and generous. I’d love to go out with him.
4. Oh, no! My parents want me to look after my baby brother on Friday night.
5. I split up with Jim because we were always arguing
a to take care of
b to have a serious argument
с to have a good relationship with someone
d to end a romantic relationship with someone
e to have a romantic relationship with someone
III. Задание 9 по чтению (ОГЭ)
Прочитать заголовки, перевести их, попытаться определить, что их объединяет (тема, проблема, ситуация, ключевое слово и т.д.) и чем они отличаются друг от друга (разные аспекты темы, проблемой, отношением к проблеме и т.д.);
Попытаться предугадать, о чем пойдет речь в тексте, его основное содержание, подобрать слова/словосочетания, которые необходимы для раскрытия данной темы;
Внимательно прочитать каждый из предложенных текстов, не обращая внимания на незнакомые слова и выражения, т.е. не углубляясь в детальное понимание;
Попытаться сформулировать основную идею текста самостоятельно, затем выбрать наиболее близкий по содержанию из предложенных вариантов ответ и отметить его. Если сразу сложно определить какой заголовок подходит тексту, можно пропустить его и прочитать следующий отрывок, затем вернуться к тому месту;
Проверьте, обоснован ли выбор того или иного соответствия, правильно ли установлены другие соответствия. Удостоверьтесь, правильно ли выбран (точнее, не выбран) лишний заголовок. Какие навыки проверяются? Понимание основной идеи (содержания) текста, умение отделять главное от второстепенного, игнорировать лишнюю информацию и незнакомые слова, не мешающие пониманию основного содержания.
Вы проводите информационный поиск в ходе выполнения проектной работы.
Определите, в каком из текстов A–F содержатся ответы на интересующие Вас вопросы 1–7. Один из вопросов останется без ответа.
A.The idea of an efficient transportation system in Moscow dates back to the time of Russian Empire. However, it was not developed into a construction plan due to World War I and the Civil War. The government of the Soviet Union got back to the idea in the 1920s, and in 1935 the Moscow Metro accepted its first passengers. The opening ceremony took place on May 15th, at 7am. The city celebrated the event with parades, concerts and performances.
B.The population of Moscow is around 12 million people. There are also a lot of people who come to the capital on business, excursions or to change plane or train, as Moscow is the main transportation centre. If there was no underground transport, it would be impossible to avoid a traffic standstill in the city. In fact, the Metro is very punctual. There are no traffic jams underground and, when taking the Metro, the passengers save time and nerves.
C.Lots of the city passengers prefer the Metro to cars and buses in spite of some discomfort caused by too many people. The problem is that the stations, the passages between them, and the railway cars get really overcrowded in rush hours. Sometimes there are lines to enter the Metro, though, fortunately, the waiting time is quite short.
D.When you travel on the Moscow Metro, long magnificent staircases get you downstairs and upstairs. They run fast and you need to be really careful to step on and off them in time. To avoid accidents, never cross the waiting line at the station until the coming train stops completely. Remember that you should never lean on the doors of the railway cars when the car is in motion – it can be really dangerous.
E.Apart from being an efficient means of transport, the Moscow Metro is a very ambitious architectural and art project. The stations look radiant and brilliant due to marble, bronze, steel, milk glass and other luxurious interior materials. The best architects, such as L. Polyakov, K. Ruzhkov, A. Medvedev and others, worked on it. The chief lighting engineer was Abram Damsky, who cleverly used the light to highlight the beauty of the stations.
F.The first line of the Moscow Metro was 11 km long and included 13 stations. Now there more than 230 stations, most of which are underground, but there are also surface-level and elevated stations. The project that is currently in progress suggests that about 150 km of new lines are to be opened within ten years, between 2012 and 2022.
В качестве закрепления материала по теме «Чтение (раздел 9)» рекомендуется выполнить данное задание на сайте «РЕШУ ОГЭ» (вариант 1, 2).
УМК М. В. Вербицкой. Английский язык «Forward» (5-9)
