What branches is the government of the usa composed of

Типовые образцы выполнения заданий

Образец контрольной работы

Read the text.

By the Constitution of 1787 (and the amendments to it) the government of the USA is composed of three branches: the executive one, the legislative one, and the judicial one.

The highest executive power in the United States is vested in the President of the United States, who is elected for a term of 4 years by electors of each state. The Presidential election is held every four year in November. The President of the USA must be a native born citizen, resident in the country for 14 years and at least 35 years old.

The President is to carry out the programmes of the Government, to recommend much of the legislation to the Congress.

The President is also responsible for:

— carrying out and enforcing laws made by Congress;

— nominating people for federal offices;

— negotiating treaties with other nations;

In addition, the President is given the power:

— to pardon people convicted of crimes;

— to send and receive ambassadors to and from other countries.

The legislative power belongs to the Congress of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two members from each state elected for a term of 6 years, one third being elected every two years. The number of representatives from each state to the House of Representatives depends on the number of people in each particular state.

In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must pass both the Houses and must be signed by the President.

The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the United States and the head of the judicial branch of power. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the USA and a number of Associate Justices.

There are about 90 district courts in the different parts of the USA. The district courts are lowest ones in the Federal court system. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.

Answer the questions

1. What branches is the government of the USA composed of?

2. Who does the highest executive power in the USA belong to?

3. What are some of the functions of the President?

4. How many chambers does the Congress consist of?

5. Where are most of the criminal and civil cases tried?

Образец выполнения задания:

1. What branches is the government of the USA composed of?

The government of the USA is composed of legislative, executive, judicial branches.

2. Who does the highest executive power in the USA belong to?

The highest executive power in the USA belongs to the President?

3. What are some of the functions of the President?

The President is also responsible for carrying out and enforcing laws made by Congress; nominating people for federal offices; negotiating treaties with other nations; conducting wars.

4. How many chambers does the Congress consist of?

The Congress consists of two chambers.

5. Where are most of the criminal and civil cases tried?

Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by district courts.

II. Translate the bolded part of the text.

Образец выполнения задания:

По конституции 1787 года (и поправкам к ней) правительство США состоит из трех ветвей: исполнительной, законодательной, и судебной.

Высшей исполнительной властью наделен президент США, который избирается на срок 4 года избирателями каждого штата. Президентские выборы проводятся каждые четыре года в ноябре. Президент должен быть уроженцем США, жителем страны на протяжении 14 лет и достичь возраста 35 лет.

III. Translate the words and word expressions finding their equivalents in the text. Образец выполнения задания

Выполнять программы – to carry out programmes,

Принимать послов – to receive ambassadors,

Палата представителей – the House of Representatives,

Окружные суды – district courts,

Ветвь власти – branch of power,

Люди, осужденные за преступления – people convicted of crimes,

Верховный суд – Supreme Court,

Ведение войн – conducting wars,

Состоит из – is composed of

IV. Fill in the missing words.

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain (1) is governed by Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.

The legislative power in the country (2) ____by the House of Parliament. The British parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The executive power (3) ___ by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government (4) … usually … by the political party which (5) ____by the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and (6) … by the Queen. The Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.

The second largest party (7) … the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.

The judiciary branch of the government (8) … common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.

Образец выполнения задания:

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland is a constitutional monarchy. This means that Great Britain (1) is governed by Parliament and the Queen is Head of State.

The legislative power in the country (2) is exercised by the House of Parliament. The British parliament consists of two chambers: the House of Lords and the House of Commons. The executive power (3) is exercised by the Prime Minister and his Cabinet. The government (4) is usually formed by the political party which (5) is supported by the majority in the House of Commons. The Prime Minister is the majority party leader and (6) is appointed by the Queen. The Prime Minister chooses a team of ministers; twenty of the ministers are in the Cabinet.

The second largest party (7) becomes the official opposition with its own leader and the Shadow Cabinet. The two leading parties in Great Britain are the Conservative Party (the Tories) and the Labour Party.

The judiciary branch of the government (8) determines common law and is independent of both the legislative and the executive branches.

I. Choose the right word

1. US Congress is composed of the House of _____ and Senate.

a) Lords b) Representatives c) Commons d) Representative

2. Each house of Congress has the power to introduce _____.

a) election b) voters c) rules d) legislation

3. The House of Representatives can charge the President with _______.

a) the impeachment b) the veto c) the crime d) the taxation

4. Both houses of Congress must _____ bills before they become laws.

a) make b)approve c) charge d) introduce

5. ______ is the legislative body in the USA.

a) The House of Representatives b) Congress c) The House of Commons d) The House of Lords

Образец выполнения задания:

1. US Congress is composed of the House of Representatives and Senate.

2. Each house of Congress has the power to introduce legislation.

3. The House of Representatives can charge the President with the crime.

4. Both houses of Congress must approve bills before they become laws.

5. Congress is the legislative body in the USA.

VI. Use the right form of the verb. Translate the sentences

1. It often ( snow ) in this part of the world.

2. Look! It ( rain ) on this road.

3. He often ( find) information about hi-jacking.

4. When he ( organize) travel for your boss?

5. What you ( do ) now? – I (search) the crime scene.

Образец выполнения задания:

1. It often snows in this part of the world. В этой части мира часто идет снег.

2. Look! It is raining. Посмотри! Идет дождь.

3. He found information about hi-jacking. Он нашел информацию об угоне.

4. When did he organize travel for your boss? Когда он организовал поездку для вашего боса?

5. What are you doing now? – I am searching the crime scene. Что вы делаете? – Я осматриваю место преступления.

Общие условия выбора системы дренажа: Система дренажа выбирается в зависимости от характера защищаемого.

Организация стока поверхностных вод: Наибольшее количество влаги на земном шаре испаряется с поверхности морей и океанов (88‰).

Механическое удерживание земляных масс: Механическое удерживание земляных масс на склоне обеспечивают контрфорсными сооружениями различных конструкций.

Поперечные профили набережных и береговой полосы: На городских территориях берегоукрепление проектируют с учетом технических и экономических требований, но особое значение придают эстетическим.

Basic Structure of the US Government

Checks and Balances and the Three Branches

For all that it is and does, the United States federal government is based on a very simple system: Three functional branches with powers separated and limited by constitutionally declared checks and balances.

The executive, legislative and judicial branches represent the constitutional framework envisioned by the Founding Fathers for our nation’s government. Together, they function to provide a system of lawmaking and enforcement based on checks and balances, and separation of powers intended to ensure that no individual or body of government ever becomes too powerful. For example:

Is the system perfect? Are powers ever abused? Of course, but as governments go, ours has been working quite well since Sept. 17, 1787. As Alexander Hamilton and James Madison remind us in Federalist 51, «If men were angels, no government would be necessary.»

Recognizing the inherent moral paradox posed by a society in which mere mortals govern other mere mortals, Hamilton and Madison went on to write, «In framing a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: you must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place oblige it to control itself. A dependence on the people is, no doubt, the primary control on the government; but experience has taught mankind the necessity of auxiliary precautions.»

The Executive Branch

The executive branch of the federal government ensures that the laws of the United States are obeyed. In carrying out this duty, the President of the United States is assisted by the Vice President, department heads – called Cabinet Secretaries – and the heads of the several independent agencies.

The executive branch consists of the president, the vice president and 15 Cabinet-level executive departments.

The President

The President of the United States is the elected leader of the country. As the head of state, the president is the leader of the federal government, and Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces. Elected according to the Electoral College process, the president serves a four-year term and is limited to serving no more than two terms.

The Vice President

The Vice President of the United States supports and advises the president. Under the process of presidential succession, the vice president becomes president if the president becomes unable to serve. The vice president can be elected and serve an unlimited number of four-year terms, even under multiple presidents.

The Cabinet

The members of the president’s cabinet serve as advisors to the president. The cabinet members include the vice president, heads or “secretaries” of the executive departments, and other high-ranking government officials. The heads of the executive departments are nominated by the president and must be confirmed by a simple majority vote of the Senate.

The Legislative Branch

The legislative branch, composed of the House of Representatives and the Senate, has the sole constitutional authority to enact laws, declare war and conduct special investigations. In addition, the Senate has the right to confirm or reject many presidential appointments.

The Senate

There are a total of 100 elected Senators—two from each of the 50 states. Senators may serve an unlimited number of six-year terms.

The House of Representatives

There are currently 435 elected Representatives, according to the constitutional process of apportionment, the 435 Representatives are divided among the 50 states in proportion to their total population as reported by the most recent decennial U.S. Census. In addition, there are non-voting delegates who represent the District of Columbia and the territories in the House of Representatives. Representatives may serve an unlimited number of two-year terms.

The Judicial Branch

Composed of federal judges and courts, the judicial branch interprets the laws enacted by Congress and when required, decides actual cases in which someone has been harmed.

Federal judges, including Supreme Court justices, are not elected. Instead, they are appointed by the president and must be confirmed by the Senate. Once confirmed, federal judges serve for life unless they resign, die, or are impeached.

The U.S. Supreme Court sits atop the judicial branch and federal court hierarchy and has the final say on all cases appealed to it by the lower courts.

There are currently nine members of the Supreme Court—a Chief Justice and eight Associate Justices. A quorum of six Justices is required to decide a case. In the event of tie vote by an even number of Justices, the decision of the lower court stands.

The 13 U.S. District Courts of Appeals sit just below the Supreme Court and hear cases appealed to them by the 94 regional U.S. District Courts which handle most federal cases.

Before the Constitution

The first functional design for the United States government, the Articles of Confederation, established only a single branch of government—a legislative branch—took effect in 1781. Within a few years, it became clear that this system was not meeting the needs of the people. Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress was responsible for all government duties—legislative, administrative, and judicial. Even more limiting, the Articles gave more power to the individual state governments than to the national government. The eventual Founders of today’s U.S. government believed the United States would require what they called an “energetic” government” equipped to protect Americans against internal and external threats; to secure trade and commerce; to maintain the economy, and protect the individual rights of the people.

In May 1787, the 55 delegates to the Constitutional Convention met in Philadelphia to determine a new structure for the national government. The new structure they agreed upon through the so-called Great Compromise, consisted of three branches instead of just one, and diffused power by delegating different responsibilities to each branch.

In addition to the legislative, executive, and judicial branches defined in the first three articles of the Constitution, the government includes hundreds of federal agencies and commissions charged with handling responsibilities as varied as managing America’s national security, protecting its environment, and advancing the general welfare of the American people.

The Three Branches of US Government

The United States has three branches of government: the executive, the legislative and the judicial. Each of these branches has a distinct and essential role in the function of the government, and they were established in Articles 1 (legislative), 2 (executive) and 3 (judicial) of the U.S. Constitution.

The belief that a just, fair, and functional government required that power be divided between various branches long preceded the Constitutional Convention of 1789.

In his analysis of the Ancient Roman government, Greek statesman and historian Polybius identified it as a “mixed” regime with three branches—the monarchy, the aristocracy, and the democracy in the form of the people.

Centuries later, this concept would go on to influence ideas about similar separations of powers being crucial to a well-functioning government expressed by enlightened philosophers such as Charles de Montesquieu, William Blackstone, and John Locke. In his famous 1748 work “The Spirit of the Laws,” Montesquieu argued that the best way to prevent despotism or totalitarianism was through a separation of powers, with different bodies of government exercising legislative, executive, and judicial power, with all these bodies subject to the rule of law.

Based on the ideas of Polybius, Montesquieu, Blackstone, and Locke, the framers of the U.S. Constitution divided the powers and responsibilities of the new federal government among the three branches we have today.

The Executive Branch

The executive branch consists of the president, vice president and 15 Cabinet-level departments such as State, Defense, Interior, Transportation, and Education. The primary power of the executive branch rests with the president, who chooses his vice president, and his Cabinet members who head the respective departments. A crucial function of the executive branch is to ensure that laws are carried out and enforced to facilitate such day-to-day responsibilities of the federal government as collecting taxes, safeguarding the homeland and representing the United States’ political and economic interests around the world.

The President

The president leads American people and the federal government. He or she also acts as the head of state, and as Commander in Chief of the United States Armed Forces. The president is responsible for formulating the nation’s foreign and domestic policy and for developing the annual federal operating budget with the approval of Congress.

The president is freely elected by the people through the Electoral College system. The president serves a four-year term in office and can be elected no more than twice.

The Vice President

The vice president assists and advises the president, and must be ready at all times to assume the presidency in the event of the president’s death, resignation, or temporary incapacitation. The Vice President also serves as the President of the United States Senate, where he or she casts the deciding vote in the case of a tie.

The vice president is elected along with the president as a “running mate” and can be elected and serve an unlimited number of four-year under multiple presidents.

The Cabinet

The President’s Cabinet serves as advisors to the president. They include the vice president, the heads of the 15 executive departments, and other high-ranking government officials. Each Cabinet member also holds a spot in the presidential line of succession. After the Vice President, Speaker of the House, and President pro tempore of the Senate, the line of succession continues with the Cabinet offices in the order in which the departments were created.

With the exception of the vice president, Cabinet members are nominated by the president and must be approved by a simple majority of the Senate.

The Legislative Branch

The legislative branch consists of the Senate and the House of Representatives, collectively known as the Congress. There are 100 senators; each state has two. Each state has a different number of representatives, with the number determined by the state’s population, through a process known as «apportionment.» At present, there are 435 members of the House. The legislative branch, as a whole, is charged with passing the nation’s laws and allocating funds for the running of the federal government and providing assistance to the 50 U.S. states.

The Constitution grants the House of Representatives several exclusive powers, including the power to initiate spending and tax-related revenue bills, impeach federal officials, and elect the President of the United States in the case of an electoral college tie.

The Senate is granted the sole power to try federal officials impeached by the House of Representatives, the power to confirm presidential appointments that require consent and to ratify treaties with foreign governments. However, the House must also approve appointments to the office of Vice President and all treaties that involves foreign trade, since they involve revenue.

Both the House and Senate must approve all legislation—bills and resolutions—before they can be sent to the president for his or her signature and final enactment. Both the House and the Senate must pass the identical bill by a simple majority vote. While the president has the power to veto (reject) a bill, the House and Senate have the power to override that veto by passing the bill again in each chamber with at least two-thirds “super majority” of the members of each body voting in favor.

The Judicial Branch

The judicial branch consists of the United States Supreme Court and lower federal courts. Under the Supreme Court’s constitutional jurisdiction, its primary function is to hear cases that challenge the constitutionality of legislation or require interpretation of that legislation. The U.S. Supreme Court has nine Justices, who are nominated by the president and must be confirmed by a simple majority vote of the Senate. Once appointed, Supreme Court justices serve until they retire, resign, die or are impeached.

The lower federal courts also decide cases dealing with the constitutionality of laws, as well as cases involving the laws and treaties of the U.S. ambassadors and public ministers, disputes between two or more states, admiralty law, also known as maritime law, and bankruptcy cases. Decisions of the lower federal courts can be and often are appealed to the U.S. Supreme Court.

Checks and Balances

Why are there three separate and distinct branches of government, each with a different function? The framers of the Constitution did not wish to return to the totalitarian system of governance imposed on colonial America by the British government.

To ensure that no single person or entity had a monopoly on power, the Founding Fathers designed and instituted a system of checks and balances. The president’s power is checked by the Congress, which can refuse to confirm his appointees, for example, and has the power to impeach or remove, a president. Congress may pass laws, but the president has the power to veto them (Congress, in turn, may override a veto). And the Supreme Court can rule on the constitutionality of a law, but Congress, with approval from two-thirds of the states, may amend the Constitution.

Branches of the U.S. Government

Learn about the executive, legislative, and judicial branches of the U.S. government.

On This Page

How the U.S. Government Is Organized

The Constitution of the United States divides the federal government into three branches to make sure no individual or group will have too much power:

Each branch of government can change acts of the other branches:

This ability of each branch to respond to the actions of the other branches is called the system of checks and balances.

Legislative Branch of the U.S. Government

The legislative branch drafts proposed laws, confirms or rejects presidential nominations for heads of federal agencies, federal judges, and the Supreme Court, and has the authority to declare war. This branch includes Congress (the Senate and House of Representatives) and special agencies and offices that provide support services to Congress. American citizens have the right to vote for Senators and Representatives through free, confidential ballots.

Congress

Congress is composed of two parts:

Legislative Branch Agencies

The legislative branch includes Congress and the agencies that support its work.

Executive Branch of the U.S. Government

The executive branch carries out and enforces laws. It includes the president, vice president, the Cabinet, executive departments, independent agencies, and other boards, commissions, and committees.

American citizens have the right to vote for the president and vice president through free, confidential ballots.

Key roles of the executive branch include:

Executive Branch Agencies, Commissions, and Committees

Much of the work in the executive branch is done by federal agencies, departments, committees, and other groups.

Executive Office of the President

The Executive Office of the president communicates the president’s message and deals with the federal budget, security, and other high priorities.

Executive Departments

These are the main agencies of the federal government. The heads of these 15 agencies are also members of the president’s cabinet.

Executive Department Sub-Agencies and Bureaus

Smaller sub-agencies support specialized work within their parent executive department agencies.

Independent Agencies

These agencies are not represented in the cabinet and are not part of the Executive Office of the president. They deal with government operations, the economy, and regulatory oversight.

Boards, Commissions, and Committees

Congress or the president establish these smaller organizations to manage specific tasks and areas that don’t fall under parent agencies.

Quasi-Official Agencies

Although they’re not officially part of the executive branch, these agencies are required by federal statute to release certain information about their programs and activities in the Federal Register, the daily journal of government activities.

Judicial Branch of the U.S. Government

The judicial branch interprets the meaning of laws, applies laws to individual cases, and decides if laws violate the Constitution. It is comprised of the Supreme Court and other federal courts.

Supreme Court

The Supreme Court is the highest court in the United States. The Justices of the Supreme Court are nominated by the president and must be approved by the Senate.

Federal Courts and Judicial Agencies

The Constitution gives Congress the authority to establish other federal courts to handle cases that involve federal laws including tax and bankruptcy, lawsuits involving U.S. and state governments or the Constitution, and more. Other federal judicial agencies and programs support the courts and research judicial policy.

Confirmation Process for Judges and Justices

Appointments for Supreme Court Justices and other federal judgeships follow the same basic process:

Infographic: How the Supreme Court Works

Learn how cases reach the Supreme Court and how the justices make their decisions. Use this lesson plan in class.

How the Supreme Court Works

The Supreme Court is:

How a Case Gets to the Supreme Court

Most cases reach the Court on appeal. An appeal is a request for a higher court to reverse the decision of a lower court. Most appeals come from federal courts. They can come from state courts if a case deals with federal law.

Rarely, the Court hears a new case, such as one between states.

Dissatisfied parties petition the Court for review
Parties may appeal their case to the Supreme Court, petitioning the Court to review the decision of the lower court.

Justices study documents
The Justices examine the petition and supporting materials.

Justices vote
Four Justices must vote in favor for a case to be granted review.

What Happens Once a Case is Selected for Review?

Parties make arguments
The Justices review the briefs (written arguments) and hear oral arguments. In oral arguments, each side usually has 30 minutes to present its case. The Justices typically ask many questions during this time.

Justices write opinions
The Justices vote on the case and write their opinions.

The majority opinion shared by more than half of the Justices becomes the Court’s decision.

Justices who disagree with the majority opinion write dissenting or minority opinions.

The Court issues its decision
Justices may change their vote after reading first drafts of the opinions. Once the opinions are completed and all of the Justices have cast a final vote, the Court “hands down” its decision.

All cases are heard and decided before summer recess. It can take up to nine months to announce a decision.

Every year:

The Court receives 7,000-8,000 requests for review and grants 70-80 for oral argument. Other requests are granted and decided without argument.

About the Justices:

There are nine Justices:

When a new Justice is needed:

Justices are appointed for life, though they may resign or retire.

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Us government and the President

By the Constitution of 1787 (and the amendments to it) the government of the USA is composed of three branches: the executive one, the legislative one, and the judicial one.

The highest executive power in the United States is vested in the President of the United States, who is elected for a term of 4 years by electors of each state. The Presidential election is held every four year in November. The President of the USA must be a native born citizen, resident in the country for 14 years and at least 35 years old.

The President is to carry out the programmes of the Government, to recommend much of the legislation to the Congress.

The President is also responsible for:

— carrying out and enforcing laws made by Congress;

— nominating people for federal offices;

— negotiating treaties with other nations;

In addition, the President is given the power:

— to pardon people convicted of crimes;

— to send and receive ambassadors to and from other countries.

Veto. The president shares in the legislative power through veto. Although the president can veto a bill passed by Congress, the bill can still become a law if two-thirds of both houses of Congress vote to override the veto.

Appointments. The power to appoint executive branch officials and federal judges is shared with Congress. The president has the power to nominate persons to fill those positions, but the Senate has the right to approve or disapprove of the persons nominated. To prevent corruption of Congress, members of Congress are not allowed to hold another federal office.

The legislative power belongs to the Congress of the United States consisting of two chambers: the Senate and the House of Representatives. The Senate is composed of two members from each state elected for a term of 6 years, one third being elected every two years. The number of representatives from each state to the House of Representatives depends on the number of people in each particular state.

In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must pass both the Houses and must be signed by the President.

The Supreme Court is the highest judicial organ of the United States and the head of the judicial branch of power. The Supreme Court consists of the Chief Justice of the USA and a number of Associate Justices.

There are about 90 district courts in the different parts of the USA. The district courts are lowest ones in the Federal court system. Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by these courts.

3. Read and translate the international words without dictionary:

Civil, constitution, Congress, criminal, control, department, Senate, bills, resolution, President, resident, programmes, system, to recommend, secretaries.

4. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:

— по конституции 1787 года и поправкам к ней

— исполнительная ветвь власти

— послы в другие страны

— для того, чтобы стать законом

— разбирать в судебном порядке уголовные и гражданские дела.

5. Make up as many different word-combinations as you can with the next verbs:

6. Make up different word-combinations using the following words (A, B) and translate them:

A B

House of citizen

7. Give the corresponding verbs of the same root from the following nouns. Translate them:

Government, legislation, election, appointment, recommendation, head, trial, composition, resolution, dependence.

8. Confirm or deny the statements using the following phrases:

I quite agree with it…

I don’t agree with it…

On the contrary…

I am afraid it’s not quite so…

1. The government of the USA is composed of three branches.

2. The legislative power is vested in the President.

3. The US President must be 40 years old.

4. The US President carries out and enforces laws made by Congress.

5. In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must only be signed by the President.

6. The Supreme Court is the head of executive branch of power in the United States of America.

7. The district courts are the highest ones in the Federal court system.

9. Read the sentences completing them according to the text:

1. By the Constitution of 1787 (and the amendments to it) the government of the USA is composed of ….

2. The highest executive power in the United States is vested in the President of the United States, who is elected for a term of …

3. … must be a native born citizen, resident in the country for … and at least … years old.

4. … shares in the legislative power through veto.

5. The legislative power belongs to … consisting of two chambers: … and …

6. In order to become a law all bills and resolutions must ….

7. There are about … district courts in the different parts of the USA.

10. Read and translate the sentences paying attention to the pronoun one:

1. The government of the USA is composed of three branches: the executive one, the legislative one, and the judicial one.

2. The district courts are lowest ones in the Federal court system.

3. One can say that lobbyists in the American legislation are more influential than the Congressmen.

4. The USA is divided into 50 states; each one has its own constitution.

5. One should say that politics in the USA as in many other countries is «a commercial enterprise as any other one».

6. In many countries the more money one can pay, the better lawyer one can have.

11. Revise Grammar: change the sentences using Passive Voice.

Model: The district court try most of the criminal and civil cases.

Most of the criminal and civil cases are tried by the district court.

1. The executive, legislative and judicial branches of power compose the government of the USA.

2. A Federal Court of Appeals serves each judicial circuit.

3. So-called «lobbyist» play an important role in the American legislation.

4. Electors from each state elect the President of the USA.

5. The President recommends much of the legislation to the Congress.

6. The President appoints Federal Judges, ambassadors to other countries.

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