What do people usually carry cash in

Shopping. Olympiad (Form 9)

Probably the best way to spend your money is to go shopping. Modern shopping centers do their best to prove that shopping can be fun. That’ s why they tend to combine shopping and leisure. A modern shopping Centre looks like a city under one roof where you can buy everything you need. Some modern shopping centers have recently been opened in our town. I mean “ Dionis’ and “ Streletsky Capital’. They are so modern, beautiful and pleasant to visit. There’s usually a cafeteria or a small café where you can have a bite or have dinner. There is also a Centre of photo service, where your film will be developed and your photos will be printed. Sometimes it is possible to participate in a lottery. There is a currency exchange bank, a chemist’s booth and what not.

On the ground floor there are supermarkets which offer a large variety of goods and competitive prices. They have long opening hours which suits most customers. They also have a good layout so customers do not waste much time trying to find what they need. To do purchases in a supermarket does not take a lot of time, because of self-service. There are long isles of food stacked on shelves and in freezers. Customers carry baskets or push trolleys. They merely select necessary products and pay for them to the cashier. You can pay either by card or in cash. Then you are given your change and a receipt. You should check your change carefully before you leave the shop. The only drawback is that sometimes there are long queues and the service is quite impersonal.

To encourage customers to buy things big shopping centers hold advertising campaigns and you can taste some sweets or juice or can be given a chocolate or a piece of soap free of charge. To make shopping convenient for all and everybody they can also offer their customers such things as a late-night shopping, special facilities for the elderly and disabled, shopping trolleys and baskets.

If you want to return something which you have bought to the shop, you may be given a refund, i.e. your money will be returned provided you have a receipt.

When you buy something in a shop you usually pay for it outright but sometimes you can buy on credit. People usually use this system to buy large or expensive things such as furniture or electrical goods which they want immediately, but sometimes find difficult to pay for them at once. It can be a very useful way of buying something expensive gradually. However it easy to get into trouble when paying on credit because you can start buying things you actually don’t need or can’t afford. Besides you have to pay some extra money, because very few shops offer interest-free credit.

People who don’t like going shopping can buy things by mail order. It is much easier to sit at home and choose things from the comfort of your own home than having to go to so many different shops. I personally never get things from mail order catalogues as they never have a good selection of clothes or anything else. Sometimes they can be of bad quality or they don’t fit.

Speaking about shopping you can’t but mention some new shops with a high level of service and wide range of goods which have recently appeared in big cities. They are also called boutiques. It is possible to acquire exclusive models from well-known designers there. Purchasing there anything you can be sure that it will be unique and of high quality. They provide a more personal service and the staff are trained to attend the customers patiently and politely. The only disadvantage is that they are too expensive and not everybody can afford them.

Normally it’s my parents who do the shopping for our family because they know exactly where to do the shopping and how much money they should spend on it. But I find shopping enjoyable because I like buying things both for my family and myself. Also I get a chance to find out what the latest fashions are.

Money

1, What do you know about the history of money?

At first people bartered which means they exchanged things they had for things they needed. Throughout their history people have used different things as money: knives and rice in China, cattle in Babylonia, tobacco in America, whales’ teeth and shells on the Pacific islands. The first coins were made from a mixture of gold and silver. But they were heavy and too difficult to carry. The government of France became the first in Europe to make paper money- banknotes or bills. But paper money was invented in China.

Now people carry plastic credit cards in their wallets instead of cash, which makes traveling even safer and more convenient. With your credit card you can take money from the cash-machine any time you need it. Many countries in Europe now have the same currency: all their coins and paper money are euros. This makes it easier to make financial deals between countries. And tourists can use the same kind of money. People traveling to other countries of the world usually need to convert their money into the local currency. For that an exchange rate is used.

2. How to make a family budget? Who should be responsible for the family budget?

3. What is pocket money?

Pocket money is money given by a parent to a child every week or month, which the child can spend himself or herself.

4.Should children be given pocket money? What for? How much?

I personally think that children should be given pocket money. Of course they should do some things for free, like cleaning their own room. But they should be paid to do other chores like doing housework or baby-sitting. It will help them to understand that money doesn’t grow on trees and that you can’t buy everything you want. Everybody has to work and earn money. It will also teach them to budget and to be more responsible. The amount of money should depend on the family budget.

5. What do you spend your pocket money on?

I spend my pocket money on school things, sport and fitness, beauty products, birthday and holiday presents, books and magazines, mobile phones….

-How much money do you usually have on you every day?

— What do you think is better: to carry cash or a credit card?

— Have you ever taken money out of a cash-machine?

— Do you have both coins and banknotes in your country?

— Do you know what people used instead of money in ancient Belarus?

— Have you ever won in a lottery?

— Are you saving money? What for?

— Do you pay for your shopping in cash or by credit card?

— Have you ever lent money to someone. Did he/ she pay it back?

— Have you ever sold or bought anything on the Internet?

— How much does your dream car cost?

— What would you like to buy but can’t afford yet?

— How much money would you have to earn when you have a job?

— Have you ever borrowed money from someone?

— Do you ever give money to charity?

— How much money do you get from your parents?

— Do you save or spend your pocket money?

— What chores do you have to do? Do you get paid for them?

— Do you think children should do chores for free or get paid for that?

— What is the right amount of money children should get?

Do you like shopping? Why?

I can’t say that I’m a shopaholic. But I like shopping. If I go window-shopping I almost always buy something in the end. I’m always looking for something special and if it catches my eye and it’s good enough I just have to buy it. I prefer to buy clothes myself, but very often my mum buys a sweater or a scarf for me. And I don’t mind it at all. The main factor which influences me when I go shopping for clothes is the price. I don’t see the point in paying large sums of money on a designer item of clothing when you can buy something for half the price that looks just as good. I also pay attention to the color of the garment I want to buy and try to match it with clothes I already own.

You can’t but agree that shopping is a pleasant activity nowadays. Shop owners do their best to attract people into their shops. They try to create a nice comfortable shopping atmosphere. They use different tricks, for example play music, have lights like a club, decorate their shops with posters and balloons and so on.

What questions will you ask a shop assistant to help you to choose a purchase?

What questions can you ask your friend about the best shopping places in your town?

Are there many shopping places in your town? What is your favorite shop? Is it close to your house? Is the atmosphere nice? Are the shop-assistants polite and friendly? Are the prices reasonable?

Pocket Money

I think that children should be given pocket money as they should learn how to budget their expenses. Otherwise when they get older they’ll have no idea how to look after their money. Having pocket money helps young children to develop self control and understanding the value of money. They can also learn about saving.

I definitely believe that children should work for their pocket money by doing such things as washing up, doing the gardening, cleaning the flat etc. That makes them understand the value of money and learn that money “doesn’t grow on trees”. They learn to respect money if they work to earn it.

As far as I know a new subject “Financial Literacy” has recently been introduced in British schools. English children learn how to manage their pocket money, the benefits of saving and spending, bank accounts and family budgets. I think it would be a good idea to include the subject “Money” into the curriculum of our school. Money is one of the most fascinating things ever developed by man. We can’t live without money because every day we buy food, clothes

and other necessary things. There are three main things that money does for us. First it makes possible exchange and trade. Second, we use money to measure and compare the values of various things. Third, it is easy to carry about and store up for future use. So why not learn more about it at school. I would like to learn how to open a bank account, what to do to get a check book or a bank card, I’d like to get some information about the rate of exchange or the traveller’s cheesy.

My parents give me pocket money regularly, I usually get about 10 thousand a week. Managing my own money gives me a lot of choices. I can spend my money on sweets and crisps, I can buy a computer game or a video cassette. Sometimes I have to save up for something special. Actually I enjoy spending money on myself and my relatives.

Money

What else can I say about money. I know some proverbs about money. For example “Money doesn’t grow on trees” It means that you have to work hard and a lot to earn it. “ Money is the root of all evil” It means that very often money spoils people” There are songs about money. A famous one is “ Money cannot buy me love”. It’s really true. Money gives you the chance to buy practically everything you need. But it cannot buy you love, understanding, friendly attitude. And what is not less important it can’t buy health.

What do people usually carry cash in

yuph natural enough if you want other sentence «Japan are cash society»

@mongviemong Japan is* a cash society

But this is more unnatural than the original sentence @Gaaa posted.

@Gaaa «Japanese people usually carry cash.»は良いです

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What do people usually carry cash in

yuph natural enough if you want other sentence «Japan are cash society»

@mongviemong Japan is* a cash society

But this is more unnatural than the original sentence @Gaaa posted.

@Gaaa «Japanese people usually carry cash.»は良いです

Символ показывает уровень знания интересующего вас языка и вашу подготовку. Выбирая ваш уровень знания языка, вы говорите пользователям как им нужно писать, чтобы вы могли их понять.

Мне трудно понимать даже короткие ответы на данном языке.

Могу задавать простые вопросы и понимаю простые ответы.

Могу формулировать все виды общих вопросов. Понимаю ответы средней длины и сложности.

Понимаю ответы любой длины и сложности.

Решайте свои проблемы проще в приложении!

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Naelpardosi’s Blog

Business English ( taken from MAKET LEADER)

Business English
( taken from MAKET LEADER)

UNIT 1

BRANDS

A. List some of your favourite brands. Then answer these questions.

1. Are they International or national brands? They are International Brands

2. What image and qualities does each one have?

phrases to help you. Image and qualities of each brands is cool and durable, but also made me looks fashionable

3. Why do people buy brands? because, usually known branded items have better quality than the cheap ones

4. Why do you think some people dislikes brands? Because the brands is not reliable

5. How loyal are you to the brands you have chosen? not too loyal, because there are so many brands to be choosen

For example, when you buy jean, do you always buy Levi’s

B. A recent survey named the brands below as the world’s top ten. Which do
you think is number one? Rank the others in order.

Answer :
1. Marlboro
2. IBM
3. Microsoft
4. Mercedez Benz
5. Coca-cola
6. McDonald
7. Intel
8. Disney
9. Nokia
10. General Electric

Vocabulary
Brand Management
A. Match these word partnerships to their meanings.

B. Complete these sentences with word partnerships from exercise A
BRAND

1. the creation of Virgin Cola, Virgin Air, Virgin Rail and Virgin bride is an
example of …brand streching……….(contoh)

2. Consumers who always buy Levi’s when they need a new pair of jeans are
showing …Brand awareness…

3. not enough people recognize our logo; we need to spent a lot more on raising
….Brand Image….

PRODUCT

1. David Beckham advertising Vodafone is an example of …product
endorsement…… (contoh)

3. the use of BMW cars and Nokia phones in James Bond films are examples
of…Product placement….

C. Make sentences of your own using the word partnerships in Exercise A.
Reading

Outsourcing Production

A. Why do some companies make luxury products abroad rather than at home?
Because they trust about the quality for the products

B. Read the article and answer these questions.

1. Which brands are mentioned? Do you know which country each is from?
Burberry (Italy), Coach (US), Prada (Italy), Gucci (Italy)

2. Which companies make all of their products in their own country?

Prada makes all of their products in their own country

Made in Europe
By Jo Johnson, Fred Kapner and Richard McGregor
Almost every fashion label outside the top super-luxury brands is either already
manufacturing in Asia or thinking of it. Coach, the US leather goods maker, is a classis
example. Over the past five years, it has lifted all its gross margins by manufacturing
solely in low-cost markets. In March 2002 it closed its factory in Lares, Puerto Rico, its
last company-owned plant, and outsources all its products.
Burberry has many Asian licensing arrangements. In 2000 it decided to renew
Sanyo’s Japanese licence for 20 ten years. This means that almost half of Burberry’s
sales at retail value will continue to be produced under licence in Asia. At the same time
however, Japanese consumers prefer the group’s European-made products.
Sanyo is now creating to this demand for a snob alternative to the Burberry
products made in its factories across Asia by opening a flagship store in Tokyo’s Ginza,
where it sells Burberry products imported from Europe.
In interviews with the FT, many executives says the top luxury brands will
continue to be seen, particularly in Asia, as European. Domenico De Sole of Gucci says “
The Asian Consumer really dos believe – whether it’s true or not – that luxury comes
from Europe and must be made there to be the best.’
Serge Weinberg, Chief Executive of Pinault Printemps Redoute, which controls
Gucci, says it will not move Gucci’s production of shore. Yet some in the industry
recognize that change may be round the corner even for the superluxury brands. Patrizio
Bertelli, Chief Executive of Prada, says:’ The “Made in Italy” label is important but what
we are really offering is a style, and style is an expression of culture.’ He therefore
recognizes that quality fashion items may not always need to be produced in italy.

From the Financial Times
FINANCIAL TIMES
World Business Newspaper
C Which of these statements are true? Correct the false ones.

1. Coach has no longer factory in Puerto Rico. (true)

2. Coach, like many other companies, is outsourcing its product to reduce
costs.(true)

3. Some Japanese people choose to buy Burberry products made in Europe rather
than in Japan. (true)

4. Sanyo’s store in Tokyo sells Burberry’s product made in Asia. (false)

5. According to Domenico De Solle, the best luxury products are made in Japan.
(false)

6. Gucci is planning to outsource some of its products. (false)

7. Partizio Bertelli believes that luxury fashion products should always be made in
Europe(false)

8. Amitava chattopadhyay says that companies need to pay careful attention to
where they manufacture their products.(true)

C. Choose the best summary of the article.

a. Most manufacturers of luxury brands do not wish to produce their goods in lowcost
countries because their believe that it will damage their brand image.

b. Most manufacturers of top brands now produce their goods in low cost countries.
Consumers no longer care about where the products are manufactured.

c. Asian consumers think that European luxury goods are of high quality. The
current trend of making such goods in Asia could damage the reputation of these
luxury brands.

Language Review

Present simple and present continuous.

The Present simple and Present continuous have several uses.

• We use the present simple to give factual information, for example about

Coach outsources all its products.
Does Burberry outsource its products?

• We use the present simple to talk about routine activities or habits.
I always buy Armani suits. Do you usually buy designer brands?

• We use the present continuous to talk about ongoing situations and projects.
Sanyo is now reacting to this demand.

• We use present contiuous to talk about temporary situations.
We are testing a new brand at the moment.

A. Which of the time expressions below do we usually use with the present simple?
Always, as a rule, generally, normally, usually, often, never, regularly, sometimes,
seldom, nowadays, when, frequently, every day, now and then, etc

B. Which of the time expressions do we usually use with the present continuous?
Now, today, right now, at present, tonight, tomorrow, this afternoon, soon, in a few
days, this morning, etc

Which are used with both?

Usually (Simple present tense)
this year (Simple present continuous tense)
every day (Simple present tense)
now (Simple present continuous tense)
Often (Simple present tense)
nowadays (Simple present tense and Simple present continuous tense)
once a month (Simple present tense)
Currently (Simple present continuous tense)
at the moment (Simple present continuous tense)
these days (Simple present continuous tense)

C. Complete these sentences with the present simple or the present continuous
forms of the verbs in brackets.
1.a. This year we trying (try) to develop a brand with personality.
b. We usually develop (develop) brands that say something.

2. a. Powerful brand names create (create) strong costumer loyalty.
b. At the moment we looking (look) for a new brand name that suggests something
about the product’s benefits and qualities.

3. a. L’Oreal sells (sell) cosmetics and toiletries to customers around the world.
b. This year L’Oreal investing (invest) over 180£m in R & D.

4. a. The marketing department always keep (keep) within its budget.
b. Because the company made a loss last year, the marketing department try(try) to
reduce costs.

D. Complete the text below with the present simple or present continuous forms of
the verbs in brackets.

At the moment I working (work) for a cosmetics company. We offer a full range of
cosmetic products and sell (sell) cosmetics and toiletries around the world. Our main
cosmetics brand dominate (dominate) the French market and it doing (do) well in the rest
of Europe at the moment, too. In fact, the brand become (become) more and more popular
throughout the world and our market share grow (grow) everyday.
We usually develop (develop) and extend (extend) productsunder our existing brand
name. The brand is distinctive and stands(stand) out from the competition. However, this
year we creating (create) a completely new brand of cosmetics.

Discussion

Two Promotions

A.Work in pairs. Student A reads case 1 and answers the questions. Student B read
Case 2 and answer the questions.

Case 1 : Harley Davidson.
In 2003 the Harley Davidson brand was 100 years old. Although its brand image is based
on the spirit of wild and rebellious youth such as Marlon Brando in the film The Wild
One (1954), the typical consumer is very different. They are likely to be rich, middleaged
accountants trying to recapture their youth. The average age of Harley Davidson
customers is 46 compared with 36 for the rest of the motorbike industry. At the party to
celebrate the centenary, the surprise performance was actually Elton John, rather than the
Rolling Stones who many people had expected. This caused many of the 150,000 riders
and dealers to leave the event very unhappy. Although sales and earnings for Harley
Davidson have been increasing for the past 18 years, many people see the trouble on the
road ahead. The problem is Harley Davidson’s typical customers from the baby –boom
generation (1946 – 1964) and, as these customers get older, Harley Davidson may find its
market shrinking.

1. What is the brand image of Harley Davidson? Brand image of Harley
Davidson is based on the spirit of wild and rebellious youth such as
Marlon Brando in the film The Wild One (1954)

2. Why were many people unhappy about the music at the party? Because, at
the party to celebrate the centenary, the surprise performance was
actually Elton John, rather than the Rolling Stones who many people had
expected

3. What problem could have Harley Davidson have in the future? The
problem is market shrinking, because Harley Davidson’s typical
customers from the baby –boom generation (1946 – 1964) and, as these
customers get older

4. What can Harley Davidson fo to preserve it sales? Should it change its
brand image? Should it look for a new market segments? Should it stretch
its brand? My opinion is Harley Davidson should look for a new market
segment

Case 2 : JCB
JCB is a world-famous engineering company. It was founded in 1945 by Joseph Cyril
Bamford. He began his business working alone in a small garage. JCB makes
construction and agricultural equipment such as tractors, earth-moving vehicles, and
loading machines. Now its world headquarters in England is one of the finest
engineering factories in Europe. The company produces over 130 different models on
four different continents and sells a full range of equipment in over 150 countries. It is
truly a global brand.
JCB’s research showed that its customers associated with the company with the
following brand values :’yellow,’digger’, and ‘durable’. Adult saw the brand and being
functional. Children, on the other hand, saw the brand as ‘big’, ‘muddy’ and ‘fun’. JCB
made a decision to stretch its brand.

1. Where does the name JCB come from? JCB come from the name of Joseph Cyril
Bamford. He is founded a world-famous engineering company(JCB)

2. What was surprising about JCB’s customer research? JCB’s research showed
that its customers associated with the company with the following brand values
:’yellow,’digger’, and ‘durable’

3. What sort of products do you think JCB developed as a result of its research? JCB
makes construction and agricultural equipment such as tractors, earth-moving
vehicles, and loading machines.

4. Can you think of a similar example of brand-stretching in your country?
Useful Language

UNIT 2
TRAVEL

A. Answer these questions individually. Then compare your answers with a partner.

1. How often do you travel by air, road and sea? I often travel by the road.

2. What do you enjoy about traveling? What don’t you enjoy? I enjoy my travelling
because I will know a lot of new place, so I have new experience from my
travelling. I don’t enjoy my travelling because I had a worst experience from
some place i trip before

1. Safety
2. Comfort
3. Price
4. Reliability
5. Speed

4. Does the order change for different types of travel? Yes. It does

B. Choose the correct word from the box to complete the following list of things

which irritate people when flying.

1. Not enough leg trolleys
2. lost or delayed seats
3. long queues at check in
4. poor quality food and drink
5. no baggage room available.
6. overbooking of luggage
7. flight delays and cancellations
8. jet-lag

Vocabulary
British and American English
A. Match the words and phrases below which have the same meaning. For each pair
decide which is British English and which is American English.

1. Subway (H) a. motorway
2. city centre (K) b. lift
3. carry-on baggage (I) c. public toilet
4. one way (F) d. schedule
5. return (J) e. economy class.
6. Freeway (A) f. single
7. rest room (C) g. parking lot
8. elevator (B) h. underground
9. coach class (E) i. hand luggage
10. timetable (D) j. round trip
11. car park (G) k. downtown.

B.Work in pairs. Use words or phrases in American English from exercise A to
complete the text below.

My last overseas business trip wasa nightmare from start to finish. First of all there was a
delay on the way to the airport as there was an accident on the motorway When I got
there I found the lower level of the airport public toilet was flooded. Next my hand
luggage was closed and there were no cabs at all. After long time trying to read the
schedule and waiting for forty minutes, we finally got a bus economy class and found the
hotel, but the lift wasn’t working and our rooms were on the fifth floor.

Reading
Air Rage
A. Answer these questions before you read the article.

1, What was your worst experience when traveling by air? My worst experience when traveling by air is when the weather is suddenly be bad. The plane was shaking like it would be falling down soon.

2. Why do some people get angry when they are traveling on a plane? they get angry if their plane is being delayed and the don’t have assurance when the plane will be depart.

Road ragers in the sky
By Derek Brown

Airlines and their long-suffering customers are reporting a steep climb in air rage
incidents. Some incidents are apparently caused by problems which are familiar to many
regular travellers. One case reported from America stemmed from an interminable delay
in takeoff, when passangers were cooped up in their aircraft on the tarmac or our hours,
without food, drink or information. Mass unrest is less common the individual
misbehaviour, as in the case of the convict who recently went crazy on a flight, attacked
the crew and tried to open the door in mind flight.
The psychology of air rage is a new are o study, and there are almost as many
explanations as examples. Most analysis of the phenomenon blame alcohol, but many
people now think that the airlines are at fault. To cut costs, they are cramming ever more
passangers into their aircraft, while reducing cabin crew, training, and quality of service,
all o which increase passenger frustration. In addition, there are increasing concern in the
US about another cost-cutting exercise, which could seriously harm passengers’ health:
cabin ventilation.

Методические указания к учебному пособию по английскому языку под ред. А. П. Голубева, Н. В. Балюк, И. Б. Смирновой для обучающихся образовательных учреждений

100-bal.ru > Информатика > Методические указания

TEXT Getting Ready for a Party. Cooking. Shopping (p 111)

Vlad’s birthday is on the eleventh of October. His friends are coming to his place and they are going to have a party. In the morning on the tenth of October Vlad and his mother are talking in the kitchen.

Mother: Darling, will you help me with cooking?

Vlad: Sure. But aren’t you afraid that I spoil everything? 1 am not much of a cook.

Mother: Actually, there is nothing you can spoil. Just take the carrot and four or five potatoes, put them into the pot, boil them for about half an hour. Then peel and dice them, thpn put all them into that blue bowl.

Vlad: What are these vegetables for?

Mother: They are for your favourite meat salad, of course. Then add pickles, peas, three boiled eggs and sausage.

Vlad: And mayonnaise, of course.

Mother: Ah, certainly. And we’ve run out of mayonnaise. When you and Dad go shopping don’t forget to buy some.

Vlad: All right. And what about green peas? I don’t see any in the fridge.

Mother: Don’t you? I thought we had some left. Anyway, you can include a can of green peas in your shopping list.

Vlad: Mum, what are you going to cook for the main course?

Mother: I think beef stroganoff is a nice choice,

Vlad: Beef stroganoff? This is meat cooked in sour cream and served with rice, isn’t it?

Mother: Exactly. How do you like this?

Vlad: You know, it is what I really like.

Mother: Of course, I know it very well. By the way, I don’t think I’ll bother about baking a pie. You will buy a nice cake and I’ll bake some cookies.

Vlad: Certainly. Well, as soon as the salad is ready, Dad and I will go shopping.

Mother: All right, here is the shopping list.

In the Supermarket (p112)

Father Let’s begin from the very beginning. Do we have to buy any dairy products?

Vlad: Yes, we’ll take half a kilo of sour cream and three hundred grams of mayonnaise.

Father: Do you want any cheese? There is no cheese in the list.

Vlad: What about taking some? Just to be on the safe side.

Father: How much shall we take, do you think?

Vlad: About four hundred grams. This piece will do.

Father: Right. Let’s take a packet of milk as well.

Vlad: What about canned goods? We need a can of peas, a can of strawberry jam for the cookies and a litre of sunflower oil.

Vlad: Do we have to buy any meat?

Father: No, we don’t. But we must buy some salami.

Vlad: Shall I ask the shop assistant to slice it?

Father: We’d better buy sliced salami in a vacuum package. It has a better taste, in my opinion. And what will you say about buy­ing some smoked salmon?

Vlad: I’d love some. Take this pack, please, will you? Now let’s go to the confectionery, I want to choose a chocolate cake!

TEXT Shopping in the USA (p113)

Americans go shopping in four main types of stores: supermarkets, grocery stores, convenience stores and delis.

Supermarkets are the largest. They often have a wide variety of dairy products, cereals, bread and baked goods, prepared, canned and frozen food, ice cream and desserts, paper products, film and much more. You can also develop film in supermarkets. Prices are usually marked on the packages or on signs near the goods. There are usually carts and baskets, so you can carry the goods which you have chosen around the store. Usually supermarkets have several cashiers. In gen­eral, they are open Monday to Friday from 9 am to 6 pm, and on Saturday from 10 a.m. to 4 pm. Some supermarkets are open on Sundays as well.

Grocery stores are smaller than supermarkets. As a rule, they carry most of the same types of products, but in smaller quantity and less variety. Prices are usually similar to those in the supermarkets. In gen­eral, grocery stores work the same hours as supermarkets.

Convenience stores are called this because of their hours of oper­ation — usually from at least 7 am to 12 pm and sometimes round the clock. They usually carry a very limited selection of goods and brands.

Delis usually carry only cold cuts (sliced ham, turkey, salami, chick­en, roast beef and cheese) to use in sandwiches, breads, beverages and condiments. Some delis also carry selections of prepared foods and other items.

TEXT Sales Tax (p113)

Cities and states in the USA have the right to charge an additional percentage of the cost of some goods.

In most places, the sales tax is from 5 to 10 per cent of the price of goods you buy. You should pay the sales tax for many non-food items, such as technical equipment, books, records, household products, ap­pliances, cameras and films. You will pay a sales tax for prepared food, for example, when you are in a restaurant. You must remember that the prices listed on items in stores do not include sales tax — a cashier will add it to your bill.
ТЕКСТ Готовимся к торжеству (стр.111)

День рождения Влада 11 октября. Его друзья придут на день рождения к нему домой. Утром 10 октября Влад и его мама разговаривают на кухне.

Мама: Дорогой, ты мне поможешь готовить?

Влад: Конечно. Только ты не боишься, что я все испорчу? Кулинар из меня плохой.

Мама: На самом деле нет ничего, что ты мог бы испортить. Просто возьми морковь, 4-5 картофелин, положи их в кастрюлю и вари около получаса. Потом почисть, порежь и положи в синюю миску.

Влад: Для чего эти овощи?

Мама: Конечно же, для твоего любимого мясного салата. Потом добавишь соленые огурцы, горошек, три вареных яйца и колбасу.

Влад: И майонез, конечно.

Мама: Правильно. А майонез у нас закончился. Когда вы с папой пойдете в магазин, не забудьте купить.

Влад: Хорошо. А как насчет зеленого горошка? Я не вижу в холодильнике.

Мама: Не видишь? Я думала, что у нас оставался. Ну, тогда включите в список еще банку зеленого горошка.

Влад: Мам, а что ты собираешься приготовить на горячее?

Мама: Я думаю, что бефстроганов – хороший выбор.

Влад: Бефстроганов? Это мясо, приготовленное в сметане с рисовым гарниром, да?

Мама: Точно. Как тебе это нравится?

Влад: Ты же знаешь, это как раз то, что я люблю.

Мама: Конечно, очень хорошо знаю. Кстати, я не думаю, что мне стоит хлопотать с порогом. Вы купите красивый торт, а я испеку печенье.

Влад: Определенно. Итак, как только салат будет готов, мы с папой пойдем в магазин.

Мама: Отлично, вот список.

ТЕКСТ В супермаркете (стр. 112)

Папа: Давай начнем с самого начала. Мы должны купить какие-нибудь молочные продукты?

Влад: Да, мы купим полкило сметаны и триста грамм майонеза.

Папа: Хочешь сыра? В списке сыра нет.

Влад: Почему бы не взять немного? На всякий случай.

Папа: Сколько мы возьмем, как ты считаешь?

Влад: Около 400 грамм. Вот этот кусочек подойдет.

Папа: Правильно. Давай еще купим пакет молока.

Влад: Что насчет консервов? Нам нужна банка зеленого горошка, банка клубничного джема для печенья и литр подсолнечного масла.

Влад: Мы должны купить мясо?

Папа: Нет. Но мы должны купить салями.

Влад: Я попрошу продавца ее порезать?

Папа: Мы лучше купим нарезку в вакуумной упаковке. Я считаю, она вкуснее. А что ты скажешь насчет того, чтобы купить копченого лосося?

Влад: Мне бы хотелось. Возьми эту упаковку, хорошо? А теперь пойдем в кондитерский отдел, я хочу выбрать шоколадный торт!
ТЕКСТ Магазины в США (стр. 113)

Американцы посещают четыре типа магазинов: супермаркеты, продуктовые магазины, «удобные» или круглосуточные и «делизы».

Супермаркеты – самые большие. Там обычно имеется широкий выбор молочных продуктов, крупы, хлеба и выпечки, полуфабрикатов, консервов, замороженных продуктов, мороженого, десертов, канцелярских принадлежностей, дисков с фильмами и многого другого. Вы также можете в супермаркете проявить пленку. Цены обычно стоят на упаковках или на знаках- табло около товаров. Там обычно имеются тележки и корзины, поэтому у вас есть возможность свободно передвигаться по магазину с выбранными товарами. Обычно в супермаркетах несколько кассиров. Открыты они, как правило, с понедельника по пятницу с 9 до 18, а в субботу с 10 до 16. Некоторые супермаркеты работают по воскресеньям.

Продуктовые магазины меньше, чем супермаркеты. Как правило, там тот же перечень продуктов, но в меньшем объеме и не такой разнообразный ассортимент. Цены обычно схожи с ценами в супермаркетах. В основном, часы работы продуктовых магазинов такие же, как у супермаркетов.

«Удобные» магазины получили такое название благодаря часам работы – обычно с 7 утра до полуночи, а иногда круглосуточно. Там обычно ограниченный выбор товаров и торговых марок.

«Делизы» обычно предлагают только холодную нарезку (ветчину, индейку, салями, курицу, говядину и сыр), чтобы приготовить бутерброды, хлеб, напитки и приправы. Некоторые также продают полуфабрикаты и другое.
ТЕКСТ Налог с продаж (стр.113)

Города и штаты в США наделены правом прибавлять определенный процент к стоимости некоторых товаров.

В большинстве мест налог с продаж составляет 5 – 10% от цены приобретаемого товара. Вы должны платить налог с продаж на многие непищевые продукты, такие как техническое оборудование, книги, записи, товары домашнего пользования, приборы, фотоаппараты и пленку. Вы заплатите налог на приготовленную пищу, например, когда вы находитесь в ресторане. Cледует помнить, что цены, указанные на товарах в магазинах, не содержат налог с продаж, кассир добавит его в вашему чеку.

Слова и выражения, которые необходимо знать по данной теме:

Складывать …………………………… add, addition

Вычитать……………………………….. subtract, subtraction

Делить…………………………………. divide, division

Умножать……………………………… multiply, multiplication

Печенье, крекер…………………………. biscuit

Жарить на сковороде……………………. fry

Жарить в духовке………………………. roast

Мясной отдел…………………………….. butcher’s

Пирог, торт, пирожное…………………. cake

Кондитерский отдел……………………. confectionery

Повар, готовить………………………….. cook

Молочные продукты…………………….. dairy

Продовольственный магазин…………….grocery store

Очищать от кожуры …………………….. peel

Продавец………………………………… shop assistant

Специя, пряность……………………… spice

Первое блюдо (второе, третье)…….. the first course (the second, the third)

Праздничный обед………………….. festive dinner

Броский, выдающийся……………… conspicuous

Подходить (об одежде)…………….. suit
Стр.117 №10

Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. Вы не сможете пересказать текст, не зная слов.

2. Выйдя из дома, они решили пойти в кафе.

3. Войдя в комнату, он увидел там много незнакомых людей.

4. Сняв пальто, он пошел в комнату.

5. Они меня простят за то, что я много говорю.

6. Вы можете исправить свое произношение, читая каждый день вслух книги на английском.

7. Я думаю вскоре туда съездить.

8. Они меня поблагодарили за то, что я купил торт.
Стр.118 №13

Составьте 10 вопросов к текстам (стр113).

Поставьте слова в правильном порядке, чтобы получились предложения, затем вставьте фразы в диалог.

Here is the fitting room.

I’d like to buy a sweater.

The cash desk is over there.

I like this green sweater very much.

I wear skirts very seldom.

I haven’t decided yet.

What colour do you want?
Shop assistant: Hello, can I help you?

Jane: Yes, please. I’d like to buy a sweater.

Shop assistant: Very well. What size do you take?

Shop assistant: And what colour do you want?

Shop assistant: Will you tell me then if you want a sweater for everyday wear or some special occasion?

Jane: Actually, I would like something to put on to go to college. It mustn’t be too conspicuous, but still I want a fashionable one.

Shop assistant: All right, I see. Do you want to wear it with jeans, pants or a skirt?

Jane: As a matter of fact, I wear skirts very seldom. Let’s say, jeans.

Shop assistant: Then I can offer you trying this blue one or that green one. Here is the fitting room.

Jane: Thank you. I like this green sweater very much. It suits me very nicely.

Shop assistant: Do you want to take it?

Jane: Yes, certainly.

Shop assistant: The cash desk is over there. I’ll pack it for you.

Jane: Here is the receipt. Thank you.

Shop assistant: thank you very much. Have a nice day.
Стр. 119,№ 20.

Переведите на английский язык.Translate into English.

— Мама, я иду в магазин. Что надо купить?

-У нас кончилось молоко. Зайди, пожалуйста, в молочный магазин и купи 2 литра молока.

-Можешь еще купить двести граммов масла и триста граммов сыра. Да, кстати, можешь взять еще килограмм помидоров для салата и огурцов, если будут свежие.

— Можно взять маринованных огурцов?

— По–моему, у нас еще остались, посмотри в холодильнике.

— Да, ты права. Но у нас нет майонеза. Пожалуй, я куплю немного.
— Mummy, I ‘m going shopping. What shall I buy?

-We’ve run out of milk. Please, go to the dairy and buy two liter of milk.

-Would I buy anything else?

-You can buy 2 hundred grams of butter and 3 hundred grams of cheese. By the way, you can take a kilo of tomatoes and a kilo of cucumbers, if they are fresh.

-May I take pickles?

-I think we have some left. Look in the fridge.

— Yes, you are right. But we have not any mayonnaise. I think I’ll buy some