What do you call the red pigment found in vertebrates that functions in oxygen transport
What do you call the red pigment found in vertebrates that functions in oxygen transport
220+ Science Trivia Questions and Answers
Okay, Einstein, are you ready to test your science knowledge? Put on your thinking cap and transport your brain to those beloved science fairs. Just picture space dioramas, model volcanos, and microorganisms in petri dishes. Good luck and go for that 1st place ribbon with these science trivia questions.
Science Trivia Questions
Trivia Question: What element did Joseph Priestley discover in 1774?
Answer: Oxygen
Trivia Question: What inorganic molecule is produced by lightning?
Answer: Ozone
Trivia Question: Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of what two elements?
Answer: Copper and Tin
Trivia Question: What is the nearest planet to the sun?
Answer: Mercury
Trivia Question: The earth has three layers that are different due to varying temperatures. What are its three layers?
Answer: Crust, mantle, and core
Trivia Question: What is the largest known land animal?
Answer: Elephant
Trivia Question: Which of Newton’s Laws states that ‘for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?’
Answer: The third law of motion
Trivia Question: How many elements are there in the periodic table?
Answer: 118
Trivia Question: What is the tallest type of grass?
Answer: Bamboo
Trivia Question: How many bones do sharks have?
Answer: Zero
Trivia Question: Diabetes develops as the result of a problem with which specific organ in the body?
Answer: Pancreas
Trivia Question: What is the rarest blood type?
Answer: AB-
Trivia Question: What is it called when you make light change direction by passing it through a lens?
Answer: Refraction
Trivia Question: What type of bond involves the sharing of electron pairs between different atoms?
Answer: Covalent
Trivia Question: Where is the world’s most active volcano located?
Answer: Hawaii
Trivia Question: What disease stems from the medieval term that means ‘bad air’?
Answer: Malaria
Trivia Question: Optics is the study of what?
Answer: Light
Trivia Question: What part of the brain deals with hearing and language?
Answer: Temporal lobe
Trivia Question: Dolly was the first-ever living creature to be cloned. What type of animal was she?
Answer: Sheep
Trivia Question: Animals that eat both plants and meat are called what?
Answer: Omnivores
Trivia Question: What is the quality of an object that allows it to float on water?
Answer: Buoyancy
Trivia Question: What is the largest internal organ of the human body?
Answer: Liver
Trivia Question: Oncology focuses on what disease?
Answer: Cancer
Trivia Question: Which two elements on the periodic table are liquids at room temperature?
Answer: Mercury and Bromine
Trivia Question: What planet in our solar system has the most gravity?
Answer: Jupiter
Trivia Question: Penicillin is used to fight what type of infections?
Answer: Bacterial
Trivia Question: What is the medical term for bad breath?
Answer: Halitosis
Trivia Question: The study of the weather is called what?
Answer: Meteorology
Trivia Question: What is a Geiger Counter used to measure?
Answer: Radiation
Trivia Question: What type of cell division results in two four daughter cells, each with half the number of chromosomes in the parent cells?
Answer: Meiosis
Trivia Question: What is the symbol of the element silver?
Answer: Ag
Trivia Question: What does ‘E’ represent in E=MC2?
Answer: Energy
Trivia Question: According to Apollo astronauts, the Moon smells like what?
Answer: Burnt gunpowder
Trivia Question: Frogs belong to which animal group?
Answer: Amphibians
Trivia Question: Which component of an atom might you expect to be orbiting around it?
Answer: Electrons
Trivia Question: Mycology is the scientific study of what?
Answer: Fungi
Trivia Question: What is the name of the red pigment found in vertebrates that functions in oxygen transport?
Answer: Hemoglobin
Trivia Question: What is the electrical charge of a neutron?
Answer: No charge
Trivia Question: What kind of energy does an unlit match have?
Answer: Chemical energy
Trivia Question: How do you calculate density?
Answer: Density is mass divided by volume
Trivia Question: What is it called when an individual doesn’t offer to help someone in an emergency if there are other people present?
Answer: Bystander effect
Trivia Question: Which psychological concept did Pavlov’s dog help him describe?
Answer: Conditioning
Trivia Question: In terms of pH, what is ammonia?
Answer: Basic
Trivia Question: About how old is Earth?
Answer: 4.5 billion years
Trivia Question: What is the name of the most recent supercontinent?
Answer: Pangea
Trivia Question: What is the scientific term for peeling skin?
Answer: Desquamation
Trivia Question: Which moon of Saturn has a methane cycle?
Answer: Titan
Trivia Question: Around what percentage of animal species are invertebrates?
Answer: 95%
Trivia Question: What animal is the closest living relative of a human?
Answer: Chimps and bonobos
Trivia Question: What is the “powerhouse of the cell?”
Answer: Mitochondria
Trivia Question: What is the sun mostly made up of?
Answer: Hydrogen
Trivia Question: The smallest bones in the body are located where?
Answer: The ear
Trivia Question: What is the scientific name for the job or role an organism plays in its habitat?
Answer: Niche
Trivia Question: The process of weathered material moving due to gravity is called what?
Answer: Erosion
Trivia Question: What is the fin on the backs of fish, some whales, and dolphins called?
Answer: Dorsal Fin
Trivia Question: What is a scientist who specializes in the study of cells called?
Answer: Cytologist
Trivia Question: What part of the brain controls hunger?
Answer: Hypothalamus
Trivia Question: What flap on your windpipe helps keep out food particles?
Answer: Epiglottis
Trivia Question: What causes the moon to shine?
Answer: Reflection from the sunlight
Trivia Question: What does the ER of a cell stand for?
Answer: Endoplasmic Reticulum
Trivia Question: What is the main structural molecule in hair and nails?
Answer: Keratin
Trivia Question: What is a unit that measures force?
Answer: Newtons
Trivia Question: What are the gaps between nerve cells called?
Answer: Synapses
Trivia Question: What is the galaxy closest in light-years to the Milky Way Galaxy?
Answer: Andromeda
Trivia Question: Which constellation are the stars Castor and Pollux in?
Answer: Gemini
Trivia Question: What element is a diamond composed of?
Answer: Carbon
Trivia Question: What was the first planet discovered with the aid of a telescope?
Answer: Uranus
Trivia Question: What does a conchologist collect?
Answer: Seashells
Trivia Question: What is the splitting of atomic nuclei called?
Answer: Nuclear Fission
Trivia Question: What is the sticky part of the pistil called?
Answer: Stigma
Trivia Question: What instrument do you use to measure wind speed?
Answer: Anemometer
Trivia Question: What do you count on a tree to tell how old it is?
Answer: It’s rings
Trivia Question: Botulinum toxin is commonly referred to as what?
Answer: Botox
Trivia Question: What does the gall bladder secrete?
Answer: Bile
Trivia Question: What is made by white blood cells to help fight off infection?
Answer: Antibodies
Trivia Question: Which person is known for publishing “The Interpretation of Dreams”?
Answer: Sigmund Freud
Trivia Question: How many chambers make up the human heart?
Answer: Four
Trivia Question: The first vaccine was for which disease?
Answer: Smallpox
Trivia Question: Who was the first woman in space?
Answer: Valentina Tereshkova
Trivia Question: What is the calm center part of a hurricane called?
Answer: Eye
Trivia Question: What layer of the Earth is right below the crust?
Answer: Mantle
Trivia Question: What is the first phase of mitosis?
Answer: Interphase
Trivia Question: What are the lower chambers of the human heart called?
Answer: Ventricles
Trivia Question: Who begins food chains?
Answer: Producers
Trivia Question: What part of the brain is responsible for vision?
Answer: Occipital
Trivia Question: What is the chemical symbol for lead?
Answer: Pb
Trivia Question: Who is considered the “father” of organic chemistry?
Answer: Friedrich Wöhler
Trivia Question: What scientist proposed the theory of continental drift?
Answer: Alfred Wegener
Trivia Question: What is the study of plant life called?
Answer: Botany
Trivia Question: What color catches the eye first?
Answer: Yellow
Trivia Question: Specialized cells are called photoreceptors. What are the 2 types of photoreceptors in the retina called?
Answer: Rods and cones
Trivia Question: A unit of electromotive force is called what?
Answer: Volt
Trivia Question: What gas makes up most of the atmosphere of Mars?
Answer: Carbon Dioxide
Trivia Question: To any astronaut, what is an EVA?
Answer: Extravehicular activity
Trivia Question: Between which two planets does the asteroid belt lie?
Answer: Jupiter and Mars
Trivia Question: What is the process of breaking down food called?
Answer: Digestion
Trivia Question: How many bones are in a giraffe’s neck?
Answer: Seven
Trivia Question: What ongoing process allows water to be constantly recycled?
Answer: Water Cycle
Trivia Question: What is the average life cycle of a red blood cell?
Answer: 120 days
Trivia Question: What was the first sound-recording device called?
Answer: Phonograph
Trivia Question: What is the scientific word for push or pull?
Answer: Force
Trivia Question: What is the only bone in the human body that isn’t attached to another bone?
Answer: Hyoid bone
Trivia Question: Who first proposed the concept of contact lenses?
Answer: Leonardo da Vinci
Trivia Question: What are the four states of matter?
Answer: Solid, liquid, gas, plasma
Trivia Question: The metamorphism of what rock forms marble?
Answer: Limestone
Trivia Question: Aspirin comes from the bark of what tree?
Answer: Willow
Trivia Question: What is the smallest organ in the human body?
Answer: Pineal gland
Trivia Question: What are the four primary precious metals?
Answer: Gold, silver, platinum, and palladium
Trivia Question: What is the only planet in our solar system less dense than water?
Answer: Saturn
Trivia Question: The Arrector Pili muscles are responsible for what phenomenon?
Answer: Goosebumps
Trivia Question: What is the smallest named time interval?
Answer: Planck time
Trivia Question: What reaction releases energy into its surroundings?
Answer: Exothermic reaction
Trivia Question: What gives onions their distinctive smell?
Answer: Sulfer
Trivia Question: What element is named after the Greek word for green?
Answer: Chlorine
Trivia Question: How many vertebrae in the human spine?
Answer: 33
Trivia Question: How long is an eon?
Answer: A billion years
Trivia Question: What is the name of the process where plants lose water in the atmosphere?
Answer: Transpiration
Trivia Question: What part of the human body is the axilla?
Answer: The armpit
Trivia Question: What is the second most abundant mineral in the human body?
Answer: Phosphorus
Trivia Question: Where on the human body are the most sweat glands?
Answer: Bottom of the feet
Trivia Question: What metal is the best conductor of electricity?
Answer: Silver
Trivia Question: What does the human lacrimal gland produce?
Answer: Tears
Trivia Question: What are the four types of adult human teeth?
Answer: Incisors, canines, premolars, molars
Trivia Question: What color has the longest wavelength in the visible spectrum?
Answer: Red
Trivia Question: Syncope is the medical name for what condition?
Answer: Fainting
Trivia Question: What number on the Richter scale does an earthquake have to reach to be considered major?
Answer: 7
Trivia Question: What scale is used to measure the hardness of minerals?
Answer: Mohs scale
Trivia Question: What is the largest nerve in the human body?
Answer: Sciatic
Trivia Question: The small intestine is made up of jejunum, ileum, and what?
Answer: Duodenum
Trivia Question: What condition is singultus?
Answer: Hiccups
Trivia Question: What sense is most closely linked to memory?
Answer: Smell
Trivia Question: NaCI is the chemical formula of which common substance?
Answer: Salt
Trivia Question: What is the fourth planet from the sun?
Answer: Mars
Trivia Question: What is the fattiest human organ?
Answer: Brain
Trivia Question: Who formulated the theory of evolution in his book, The Origin of Species?
Answer: Charles Darwin
Trivia Question: Brass is an alloy of which two metals?
Answer: Copper and zinc
Trivia Question: In which part of the body are the ossicles found?
Answer: The ear
Trivia Question: What is the center of an atom called?
Answer: The nucleus
Trivia Question: A nuclear reaction where the nucleus of an atom splits into smaller parts is known as what?
Answer: Nuclear fission
Trivia Question: Atoms of the same chemical element but with different atomic masses are known as what?
Answer: Isotopes
Trivia Question: What is the name of the biggest part of the human brain?
Answer: The cerebrum
Trivia Question: Ganymede is a moon of which planet?
Answer: Jupiter
Trivia Question: What are the muscles found in the front of the thighs are known as?
Answer: Quadriceps
Trivia Question: The innermost part of bones contains what?
Answer: Bone marrow
Trivia Question: What is the name of NASA’s most famous space telescope?
Answer: Hubble Space Telescope
Trivia Question: What is the shape of DNA known as?
Answer: A double helix
Trivia Question: What is the long pipe’s name that moves food from the back of the throat down to the stomach?
Answer: The esophagus
Trivia Question: What planet is famous for its big red spot on it?
Answer: Jupiter
Trivia Question: What is the sun?
Answer: A star
Trivia Question: Who was the first person to walk on the moon?
Answer: Neil Armstrong
Trivia Question: Olympus Mons is a large volcanic mountain on which planet?
Answer: Mars
Trivia Question: What planet is closest in size to Earth?
Answer: Venus
Trivia Question: A single piece of coiled DNA is known as what?
Answer: Chromosome
Trivia Question: Electric power is typically measured in what units?
Answer: Watts
Trivia Question: What is the seventh planet from the Sun?
Answer: Uranus
Trivia Question: The process of pasteurization is named after which French microbiologist?
Answer: Louis Pasteur
Trivia Question: Electric current is measured using what device?
Answer: Ammeter
Trivia Question: The wire inside an electric bulb is known as what?
Answer: Filament
Trivia Question: A magnifying glass is what type of lens?
Answer: Convex
Trivia Question: Electric resistance is typically measured in what units?
Answer: Ohms
Trivia Question: The most recognized model of how the universe began is known as the?
Answer: Big Bang
Trivia Question: What is the earth’s primary source of energy?
Answer: The sun
Trivia Question: Water is made up of what two elements?
Answer: Hydrogen and oxygen
Trivia Question: The deepest point in all of the world’s oceans is named what?
Answer: Mariana Trench
Trivia Question: In terms of computing, what does CPU stand for?
Answer: Central Processing Unit
Trivia Question: Along with whom did Bill Gates found Microsoft?
Answer: Paul Allen
Trivia Question: What do you call molten rock before it has erupted?
Answer: Magma
Trivia Question: What are the three-time periods of the dinosaurs?
Answer: Triassic, Jurassic, and Cretaceous
Trivia Question: Someone who studies earthquakes is known as what?
Answer: Seismologist
Trivia Question: What country experiences the most tornadoes?
Answer: United States
Trivia Question: What is the name of a weather instrument used to measure atmospheric pressure?
Answer: A barometer
Trivia Question: The Japanese word “sakura” means the blossoming of what kind of tree?
Answer: Cherry tree
Trivia Question: The movement of pollen from the anthers to a flower’s stigma is known as what?
Answer: Pollination
Trivia Question: What is the name of the world’s largest reef?
Answer: Great Barrier Reef
Trivia Question: What islands were extensively studied by Charles Darwin?
Answer: Galapagos Islands
Trivia Question: The Ayers Rock in Australia is also known as what?
Answer: Uluru
Trivia Question: What is the chemical symbol of gold?
Answer: Au
Trivia Question: What is the freezing temperature of water?
Answer: 32 degrees Fahrenheit (0 degrees Celsius)
Trivia Question: Substances that don’t conduct heat are known as what?
Answer: Insulators
Trivia Question: In terms of engineering software, what does CAD stand for?
Answer: Computer-Aided Design
Trivia Question: Apatosaurus is also widely known by what other name?
Answer: Brontosaurus
Trivia Question: A person who studies fossils and prehistoric life, such as dinosaurs, is known as what?
Answer: Paleontologist
Trivia Question: What is another name for a tidal wave?
Answer: Tsunami
Trivia Question: When a gas changes into a liquid, it is called what?
Answer: Condensation
Trivia Question: What is it called when a solid changes directly into a gas?
Answer: Sublimation
Trivia Question: What does “SPF” mean in sunscreen?
Answer: Sun Protection Factor
Trivia Question: What gas is essential in the production of fertilizers and light bulbs?
Answer: Nitrogen
Trivia Question: What part of the body are low-density lipoproteins most likely to clog?
Answer: Arteries
Trivia Question: What instrument is used for accurately measuring small amounts of liquid?
Answer: Pipette
Trivia Question: What’s the study of materials at very low temperatures?
Answer: Cryogenics
Trivia Question: What planet is circled by two moons?
Answer: Mars
Trivia Question: The study of human remains is called what?
Answer: Archaeology
Trivia Question: The chemistry of carbon is known as what?
Answer: Organic chemistry
Trivia Question: What does the term ‘PCR’ stand for?
Answer: Polymerase chain reaction
Trivia Question: Mechanical engineer Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen was from what country?
Answer: Germany
Trivia Question: Who split the atom?
Answer: Ernest Rutherford
Trivia Question: What is the chemical structure of magnesium sulfate?
Answer: MgSO4
Trivia Question: How many cervical vertebrae are there in the typical human body?
Answer: Seven
Trivia Question: What does ‘NMR’ stand for?
Answer: Nuclear Magnetic Resonance
Trivia Question: What is the world’s largest Hydroelectric Power Plant?
Answer: Three Gorges Dam
Trivia Question: Who invented the microscope?
Answer: Zacharias Janssen
Trivia Question: Who is the father of modern taxonomy?
Answer: Carolus Linnaeus
Trivia Question: What is the study of the interaction or relationship of living organisms to one another?
Answer: Ecology
Trivia Question: What gas makes soda bubbly?
Answer: Carbon Dioxide
Trivia Question: What enzyme in the human mouth helps digest carbohydrates?
Answer: Salivary Amylase
Trivia Question: What is the formal name for climate studies?
Answer: Climatology
Trivia Question: Which form of energy can we see with the naked eye?
Answer: Light
Trivia Question: What does Earth do that causes night and day?
Answer: Rotates
Trivia Question: What are the chewing teeth called?
Answer: Incisors
Trivia Question: Who was the inventor of the first battery?
Answer: Alessandro Volta
Trivia Question: What is the distance between the moon and earth?
Answer: 238,900 miles
Trivia Question: What is so reactive with water that it has to be stored in oil because it will react with the air’s moisture?
Answer: Potassium
Trivia Question: What type of bond is present in a water molecule?
Answer: Hydrogen Bond
Trivia Question: What is the shape of the Milky Way?
Answer: Spiral
Trivia Question: What is the strongest magnet in the universe?
Answer: Magnetars
Trivia Question: What is the programmed death cell process called?
Answer: Apoptosis
Trivia Question: Who was the first man to see bacteria?
Answer: Antony Leeuwenhoek
Trivia Question: Where is the Olympus mons present?
Answer: Mars
Trivia Question: What is another name for the SA node in the heart?
Answer: Pacemaker
Trivia Question: What is the inflammation of the liver called?
Answer: Hepatitis
Trivia Question: What procedure known for sound navigation?
Answer: Sonar
Trivia Question: What is the most malleable metal?
Answer: Gold
More Fun Trivia Questions and Answers
Below are more quiz questions to stump you and your friends.
48 Science Trivia Questions and Answers
The world we live in is quite a fascinating one and there’s always something new to learn daily. Although one can say that we have explored and learned about the world, it is not enough to compare with the things that we are yet to discover. Science trivia questions and answers is one sure way we can learn more about how the world and our environment works and also make new discoveries.
If you are ready to learn new things and widen your knowledge about the world around you, these science trivia questions will surely help you achieve that. These science trivia questions and answers range from easy to hard; and at the end of each question comes the answer. This compilation of science-based questions is meant for all ages, not only for knowledge acquisition but also a sure way to have fun.
List of Fun Science Trivia Questions and Answers
1. Where does sound travel faster; water or air?
Answer: Water
Sounds usually travel faster in the water when compared with air because water particles are packed more densely. Although it takes more energy to generate sound waves in water, once it is done the sound waves move faster than on air.
2. What is the name given to planets outside our solar system?
Answer: Extrasolar planets or Exoplanet
An extrasolar planet is a planet that is found outside our solar system. Its planetary system is called HR 8799 system and they usually orbit a star, which is a part of their own solar system. The exoplanet was first discovered in 1917 and the evidence was further noted in 1988. Did you know that there are over 4000 confirmed exoplanets while about 6,000 await further confirmation?
3. When was the first seismograph invented?
Answer: Approximately A.D. 200 in China
A seismograph is an instrument used to record seismic waves caused by earth-shaking phenomena like earthquakes and explosions, among others. The seismograph was invented by a Chinese astronomer named Chang Heng in 132 A.D.
4. How old is the universe?
Answer: The Universe is at least 13.8 billion years old, but probably not more than 20 billion years old.
The universe must be as old as the oldest thing that can be found in it. Hence, astrophysicists determine the age of the universe either by measuring the oldest light or taking measurements of galaxies or perhaps go hunting for stars.
5. If you mix all light colors, do you get black, white, or a rainbow?
Answer: White
Technically adding all colors of light together is called color addition. When mixed, the light colors become light. Sunlight appears white which aids the colors of the rainbow to appear through refraction. However, in art, when mixed, these light colors will give something dark because it is oversaturated with pigment.
6. What type of organism makes up the oldest known fossil?
Answer: Blue-green algae from South Africa at 3.2 billion years old.
Cyanobacteria, also known as blue-green algae, are an ancient group of photosynthetic microbes that occur in most inland waters. The Cyanobacteria said to have an extensive and oldest fossil record is from Archaean rocks of western Australia and is about 3.5 billion years old.
7. What is the world’s tallest grass?
Answer: Bamboo.
Bamboos are diverse groups of evergreen perennial flowering plants in the subfamily of Bambusoideae of the grass family, Poaceae. Depending on the species, Bamboos can grow as tall as 4.5 – 12m, which is between 15 and 39 feet. In some parts of the world, it Bamboos can be used for scaffolding, fences, bridges, and building.
8. Which scientist proposed the three laws of motion?
Answer: Sir Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton was an English physicist, astronomer, author, theologian, and mathematician best remembered as one of the most influential scientists of all time. He propounded the three laws of motion, which was introduced in his book, Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1687; Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy).
9. What is the name of the planet that spins the fastest and completes one whole rotation in just 10 hours?
Answer: Jupiter
Jupiter is the fastest spinning planet in our Solar System and it rotates at least once within 10 hours, which is very fast considering its size. This means that Jupiter will be experiencing the shortest days among all the other planets in our Solar System.
10. What is the smallest city in the world?
Answer: Vatican city
Vatican City is the world’s smallest city, and it is surrounded by Rome, Italy, which is the headquarters of the Roman Catholic Church. The city is only 0.17 square miles, which is not even a quarter of the size of the next smallest country, Monaco.
11. What does ATP stand for?
Answer: Adenosine triphosphate, the molecule that is used for energy by all cells
Adenosine triphosphate, otherwise known as ATP, is the molecule responsible for carrying energy in the cells of all living things. It absorbs chemical energy that comes from the breakdown of food molecules and further releases it to fuel cellular processes in the body.
12. Who invented the first battery?
Answer: Count Alessandro Volta
The first electric battery was invented by Count Alessandro Volta, an Italian physicist, and chemist, in 1800, and it was called voltaic pile. He stacked discs of copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) separated by a cloth soaked in salty water, with wires connected to both ends of the stack to produce a continuously stable current.
13. What’s the lifespan of a human red blood cell?
Answer: Around 120 days
In the human body, the red blood cells are responsible for transporting oxygen from the lungs to the tissues, as well as bringing carbon dioxide back to the lungs. The red blood cells are usually formed in the bone marrow and are believed to have an average life span of approximately 120 days.
14. What is the strongest known magnet in the Universe?
Answer: Magnetar (which is a form of the Neutron star)
A Neutron star generates the most intense magnetic field in the universe. However, the field strength of a magnetar is a thousand trillion times stronger than Earth’s and is so intense that it heats the surface to 18 million degrees Fahrenheit.
15. What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Answer: The energy of the Universe is constant; it can neither be created nor destroyed but only transferred and transformed.
In chemistry and physics, the law of Conservation of Energy states that the energy of an isolated system remains constant and is said to be conserved over time. A simple example is chemical energy being converted to kinetic energy when a stick of dynamite explodes.
16. True or false – there are 206 bones in an adult human body and 300 bones in an infant’s body?
Answer: True. Some bones in infants’ skulls have not yet fused together.
When a baby is born, he has about 300 bones and these bones eventually grow together to form 206 bones when the baby grows into an adult. This is because some of the baby’s bones are made of very flexible cartilage (a firm tissue softer than bone).
17. What is the scientific name of a Sydney Blue Gum?
Answer: Eucalyptus Saligna
Eucalyptus Saligna, also known as the Sydney blue gum or blue gum, is a species of medium-sized to tall tree that mostly grows in eastern Australia. They belong to the family, Myrtaceae, and its distribution is usually along the coast from New South Wales, Batemans Bay to south-eastern Queensland.
18. Which country has the longest coastline?
Answer: Canada, due to the number of northern islands.
Canada’s coastline is the longest in the world, measuring 243,042 km (including the mainland coast and the offshore islands). Other countries with similar coastline include China (14,500 km), the United States (19,924 km), Russia (37,653 km), and Indonesia (54,716 km).
19. What can be measured using the Geiger counter?
Answer: Radiation
A Geiger counter often referred to as a Geiger-Muller tube, is a device that is used for detecting and measuring all types of radiation, including alpha, beta, and gamma radiation. It consists of a pair of electrodes that are surrounded by a gas, and these electrodes have high voltage flowing across them.
Some Weird Science Trivia Questions and their Answers
20. What formation on Earth can have the names tabular, blocky, wedge, dome, pinnacle, dry dock, growler, or bergy bit?
Answer: Icebergs
An iceberg is a large piece of freshwater ice that has broken off a glacier or an ice shelf that floats in the open water, usually an ocean. Further disintegration of these icebergs is called bergy bits or growlers.
21. Is a Tsunami and a tidal wave the same thing?
Answer: No, because they are different and unrelated phenomena.
Tsunamis are caused by water displacement as a result of an undersea earthquake or a landslide, while Tidal waves are caused by the moon & Sun’s gravitational pull combined with prevailing winds and water currents.
22. Where are the three smallest bones in the human body? What are they called?
Answer: In the middle ear. They are – Malleus, Incus, and Stapes
Collectively these three smallest bones are found in the middle ear and they are also known as ossicles. They include the Malleus (hammer), Incus (anvil) & Stapes (stirrup).
23. Which of Newton’s Laws states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction?
Answer: The third law of motion
Newton’s third law of motion describes the simultaneous and mutual interaction between one object and another, as well as the nature of their resultant force. For instance, if object X exerts a force on object Y, then object Y also exerts an equal and opposite force on object X.
24. What’s the highest recorded surface wind speed?
Answer: 372km/h! Over Mt Washington, New Hampshire on April 12, 1934.
The highest wind gust ever recorded on the surface of the earth is at Mount Washington, located in New Hampshire, in the United States. On April 12, 1934, Mount Washington Observatory staff recorded a wind speed of approximately 372km per hour, and this mountain has held this record for several years now.
25. How much salt does the average human body contain?
Answer: Around 250 grams.
The human body contains many salts, however, sodium chloride, also known as table salt, is the major one, and it makes up about 0.4 percent of the body’s weight. The body of an average adult human being contains about 250g of salt or roughly half of a pound. 
26. What is the phenomenon that explains why people tend to refuse to offer help when there are other people present during an emergency called?
Answer: The Bystander Effect
The Bystander effect is a social psychological theory that states that individuals are less likely to help a victim (maybe an accident victim or bullying) when there are other people around. Although there are reasons why do so, either they are not friends or might perceive the person to be wrong or perhaps lack knowledge about the incident.
27. Animals that are active during dawn and dusk are called what type of animals?
Answer: Crepuscular
Dawn and Dusk are cooler times of the day and at such times, animals get the opportunity to avoid predators while still being able to source for food. Several animals are Crepuscular, including domestic cats, foxes, bats, desert rodents, deer, and skunks, among others.
28. Which is the rarest blood type in humans?
Answer: AB negative. 0 C
Although Mercury is the closest planet to the sun and gets more direct heat, it is not the hottest planet. Planetary bodies temperature tends to get colder the farther they are from the sun. However, Venus is quite an exception. Not only is it the second planet from the sun, but its proximity and dense atmosphere made it the hottest planet in our Solar System.
44. What is the quality of an object that allows it to float on water?
Answer: Buoyancy
Buoyancy is the tendency of an object to float when submerged in water. An object floats when the weight of the object is balanced by the upward push of the liquid on the object. However, the upthrust of the liquid increases with the volume of the object that is underwater, and it is not affected by the depth of the water.
45. Which is the only metal that is liquid at room temperature?
Answer: Mercury
46. What is the Milky Way?
Answer: The Milky Way is the galaxy that contains our Solar System
The Milky Way is a large spiral galaxy that contains the Earth’s Solar System. It contains between 100-400 billion stars and these stars form a large disk whose diameter is about 100,000 light-years. The Milky Way is about 13.51 billion years.
47. Why does eyesight change as you get older?
Answer: The eye’s lens continues to grow throughout life, becoming thicker and less transparent as you age.
When you advance in age, your eyesight also tends to change, which can lead to suffering from longsightedness, otherwise known as Presbyopia. When the lens of the eyes becomes more rigid, focusing the retina directly from a far object to a closer one is more difficult, leading to blurred vision.
48. When a solid matter transitions to gas immediately without having to pass through the liquid state, it is called?
Answer: Sublimation
Sublimation is simply the process in which a substance transforms directly from the solid phase to the gaseous phase, without undergoing the intermediate liquid phase. A clear example is the process of snow and ice changing into water vapor in the air, without first melting into water.
red blood cell
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red blood cell, also called erythrocyte, cellular component of blood, millions of which in the circulation of vertebrates give the blood its characteristic colour and carry oxygen from the lungs to the tissues. The mature human red blood cell is small, round, and biconcave; it appears dumbbell-shaped in profile. The cell is flexible and assumes a bell shape as it passes through extremely small blood vessels. It is covered with a membrane composed of lipids and proteins, lacks a nucleus, and contains hemoglobin—a red iron-rich protein that binds oxygen.
The function of the red cell and its hemoglobin is to carry oxygen from the lungs or gills to all the body tissues and to carry carbon dioxide, a waste product of metabolism, to the lungs, where it is excreted. In invertebrates, oxygen-carrying pigment is carried free in the plasma; its concentration in red cells in vertebrates, so that oxygen and carbon dioxide are exchanged as gases, is more efficient and represents an important evolutionary development. The mammalian red cell is further adapted by lacking a nucleus—the amount of oxygen required by the cell for its own metabolism is thus very low, and most oxygen carried can be freed into the tissues. The biconcave shape of the cell allows oxygen exchange at a constant rate over the largest possible area.
The red cell develops in bone marrow in several stages: from a hemocytoblast, a multipotential cell in the mesenchyme, it becomes an erythroblast (normoblast); during two to five days of development, the erythroblast gradually fills with hemoglobin, and its nucleus and mitochondria (particles in the cytoplasm that provide energy for the cell) disappear. In a late stage the cell is called a reticulocyte, which ultimately becomes a fully mature red cell. The average red cell in humans lives 100–120 days; there are some 5.2 million red cells per cubic millimetre of blood in the adult human.
Though red cells are usually round, a small proportion are oval in the normal person, and in certain hereditary states a higher proportion may be oval. Some diseases also display red cells of abnormal shape—e.g., oval in pernicious anemia, crescent-shaped in sickle cell anemia, and with projections giving a thorny appearance in the hereditary disorder acanthocytosis. The number of red cells and the amount of hemoglobin vary among different individuals and under different conditions; the number is higher, for example, in persons who live at high altitudes and in the disease polycythemia. At birth the red cell count is high; it falls shortly after birth and gradually rises to the adult level at puberty.
The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica This article was most recently revised and updated by Kara Rogers.
Hemoglobin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Subunit name | Gene | Chromosomal locus |
|---|---|---|
| Hb-α1 | HBA1 | Chr. 16 p13.3 |
| Hb-α2 | HBA2 | Chr. 16 p13.3 |
| Hb-β | HBB | Chr. 11 p15.5 |
In mammals, the chromoprotein makes up about 96% of the red blood cells’ dry content (by weight), and around 35% of the total content (including water). [5] Hemoglobin has an oxygen-binding capacity of 1.34 mL O2 per gram, [6] which increases the total blood oxygen capacity seventy-fold compared to dissolved oxygen in blood. The mammalian hemoglobin molecule can bind (carry) up to four oxygen molecules. [7]
Hemoglobin is involved in the transport of other gases: It carries some of the body’s respiratory carbon dioxide (about 20–25% of the total) [8] as carbaminohemoglobin, in which CO2 is bound to the heme protein. The molecule also carries the important regulatory molecule nitric oxide bound to a thiol group in the globin protein, releasing it at the same time as oxygen. [9]
Hemoglobin is also found outside red blood cells and their progenitor lines. Other cells that contain hemoglobin include the A9 dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, macrophages, alveolar cells, lungs, retinal pigment epithelium, hepatocytes, mesangial cells in the kidney, endometrial cells, cervical cells and vaginal epithelial cells. [10] In these tissues, hemoglobin has a non-oxygen-carrying function as an antioxidant and a regulator of iron metabolism. [11] Excessive glucose in one’s blood can attach to hemoglobin and raise the level of hemoglobin A1c. [12]
Hemoglobin and hemoglobin-like molecules are also found in many invertebrates, fungi, and plants. [13] In these organisms, hemoglobins may carry oxygen, or they may act to transport and regulate other small molecules and ions such as carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfide. A variant of the molecule, called leghemoglobin, is used to scavenge oxygen away from anaerobic systems, such as the nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants, lest the oxygen poison (deactivate) the system.
Hemoglobinemia is a medical condition in which there is an excess of hemoglobin in the blood plasma. This is an effect of intravascular hemolysis, in which hemoglobin separates from red blood cells, a form of anemia.
YouTube Encyclopedic
Transcription
I’ve talked a lot about the importance of hemoglobin in our red blood cells so I thought I would dedicate an entire video to hemoglobin. One— because it’s important, but also it explains a lot about how the hemoglobin— or the red blood cells, depending on what level you want to operate— know, and I have to use know in quotes. These aren’t sentient beings, but how do they know when to pick up the oxygen and when to drop off the oxygen? So this right here, this is actually a picture of a hemoglobin protein. It’s made up of four amino acid chains. That’s one of them. Those are the other two. We’re not going to go into the detail of that, but these look like little curly ribbons. If you imagine them, they’re a bunch of molecules and amino acids and then they’re curled around like that. So this on some level describes its shape. And in each of those groups or in each of those chains, you have a heme group here in green. That’s where you get the hem in hemoglobin from. You have four heme groups and the globins are essentially describing the rest of it— the protein structures, the four peptide chains Now, this heme group— this is pretty interesting. It actually is a porphyrin structure. And if you watch the video on chlorophyll, you’d remember a porphyrin structure, but at the very center of it, in chlorophyll, we had a magnesium ion, but at the very center of hemoglobin, we have an iron ion and this is where the oxygen binds. So on this hemoglobin, you have four major binding sites for oxygen. You have right there, maybe right there, a little bit behind, right there, and right there. Now why is hemoglobin— oxygen will bind very well here, but hemoglobin has a several properties that one, make it really good at binding oxygen and then also really good at dumping oxygen when it needs to dump oxygen. So it exhibits something called cooperative binding. And this is just the principle that once it binds to one oxygen molecule— let’s say one oxygen molecule binds right there— it changes the shape in such a way that the other sites are more likely to bind oxygen. So it just makes it— one binding makes the other bindings more likely. Now you say, OK, that’s fine. That makes it a very good oxygen acceptor, when it’s traveling through the pulmonary capillaries and oxygen is diffusing from the alveoli. That makes it really good at picking up the oxygen, but how does it know when to dump the oxygen? This is an interesting question. It doesn’t have eyes or some type of GPS system that says, this guy’s running right now and so he’s generating a lot of carbon dioxide right now in these capillaries and he needs a lot of oxygen in these capillaries surrounding his quadriceps. I need to deliver oxygen. It doesn’t know it’s in the quadraceps. How does the hemoglobin know to let go of the oxygen there? And that’s a byproduct of what we call allosteric inhibition, which is a very fancy word, but the concept’s actually pretty straightforward. When you talk about allosteric anything— it’s often using the context of enzymes— you’re talking about the idea that things bind to other parts. Allo means other. So you’re binding to other parts of the protein or the enzyme— and enzymes are just proteins— and it affects the ability of the protein or the enzyme to do what it normally does. So hemoglobin is allosterically inhibited by carbon dioxide and by protons. So carbon dioxide can bond to other parts of the hemoglobin— I don’t know the exact spots— and so can protons. So remember, acidity just means a high concentration of protons. So if you’re in an acidic environment, protons can bond. Maybe I’ll do the protons in this pink color. Protons— which are just hydrogen without electrons, right— protons can bond to certain parts of our protein and it makes it harder for them to hold onto the oxygen. So when you’re in the presence of a lot of carbon dioxide or an acidic environment, this thing is going to let go of its oxygen. And it just happens to be that that’s a really good time to let go of your oxygen. Let’s go back to this guy running. There’s a lot of activity in these cells right here in his quadriceps. They’re releasing a lot of carbon dioxide into the capillaries. At that point, they’re going from arteries into veins and they need a lot of oxygen, which is a great time for the hemoglobin to dump their oxygen. So it’s really good that hemoglobin is allosterically inhibited by carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide joins on certain parts of it. It starts letting go of its oxygen, that’s exactly where in the body the oxygen is needed. Now you’re saying, wait. What about this acidic environment? How does this come into play? Well, it turns out that most of the carbon dioxide is actually disassociated. It actually disassociates. It does go into the plasma, but it actually gets turned into carbonic acid. So I’ll just write a little formula right here. So if you have some CO2 and you mix it with the water— I mean, most of our blood, the plasma— it’s water. So you take some carbon dioxide, you mix it with water, and you have it in the presence of an enzyme— and this enzyme exists in red blood cells. It’s called carbonic anhydrase. A reaction will occur— essentially you’ll end up with carbonic acid. We have H2CO3. It’s all balanced. We have three oxygens, two hydrogens, one carbon. It’s called carbonic acid because it gives away hydrogen protons very easily. Acids disassociate into their conjugate base and hydrogen protons very easily. So carbonic acid disassociates very easily. It’s an acid, although I’ll write in some type of an equilibrium right there. If any of this notation really confuses you or you want more detail on it, watch some of the chemistry videos on acid disassociation and equilibrium reactions and all of that, but it essentially can give away one of these hydrogens, but just the proton and it keeps the electron of that hydrogen so you’re left with a hydrogen proton plus— well, you gave away one of the hydrogens so you just have one hydrogen. This is actually a bicarbonate ion. But it only gave away the proton, kept the electron so you have a minus sign. So all of the charge adds up to neutral and that’s neutral over there. So if I’m in a capillary of the leg— let me see if I can draw this. So let’s say I’m in the capillary of my leg. Let me do a neutral color. So this is a capillary of my leg. I’ve zoomed in just one part of the capillary. It’s always branching off. And over here, I have a bunch of muscle cells right here that are generating a lot of carbon dioxide and they need oxygen. Well, what’s going to happen? Well, I have my red blood cells flowing along. It’s actually interesting— red blood cells— their diameter’s 25% larger than the smallest capillaries. So essentially they get squeezed as they go through the small capillaries, which a lot of people believe helps them release their contents and maybe some of the oxygen that they have in them. So you have a red blood cell that’s coming in here. It’s being squeezed through this capillary right here. It has a bunch of hemoglobin— and when I say a bunch, you might as well know right now, each red blood cell has 270 million hemoglobin proteins. And if you total up the hemoglobin in the entire body, it’s huge because we have 20 to 30 trillion red blood cells. And each of those 20 to 30 trillion red blood cells have 270 million hemoglobin proteins in them. So we have a lot of hemoglobin. So anyway, that was a little bit of a— so actually, red blood cells make up roughly 25% of all of the cells in our body. We have about 100 trillion or a little bit more, give or take. I’ve never sat down and counted them. But anyway, we have 270 million hemoglobin particles or proteins in each red blood cell— explains why the red blood cells had to shed their nucleuses to make space for all those hemoglobins. They’re carrying oxygen. So right here we’re dealing with— this is an artery, right? It’s coming from the heart. The red blood cell is going in that direction and then it’s going to shed its oxygen and then it’s going to become a vein. Now what’s going to happen is you have this carbon dioxide. You have a high concentration of carbon dioxide in the muscle cell. It eventually, just by diffusion gradient, ends up— let me do that same color— ends up in the blood plasma just like that and some of it can make its way across the membrane into the actual red blood cell. In the red blood cell, you have this carbonic anhydrase which makes the carbon dioxide disassociate into— or essentially become carbonic acid, which then can release protons. Well, those protons, we just learned, can allosterically inhibit the uptake of oxygen by hemoglobin. So those protons start bonding to different parts and even the carbon dioxide that hasn’t been reacted with— that can also allosterically inhibit the hemoglobin. So it also bonds to other parts. And that changes the shape of the hemoglobin protein just enough that it can’t hold onto its oxygens that well and it starts letting go. And just as we said we had cooperative binding, the more oxygens you have on, the better it is at accepting more— the opposite happens. When you start letting go of oxygen, it becomes harder to retain the other ones. So then all of the oxygens let go. So this, at least in my mind, it’s a brilliant, brilliant mechanism because the oxygen gets let go just where it needs to let go. It doesn’t just say, I’ve left an artery and I’m now in a vein. Maybe I’ve gone through some capillaries right here and I’m going to go back to a vein. Let me release my oxygen— because then it would just release the oxygen willy-nilly throughout the body. This system, by being allosterically inhibited by carbon dioxide and an acidic environment, it allows it to release it where it is most needed, where there’s the most carbon dioxide, where respiration is occurring most vigorously. So it’s a fascinating, fascinating scheme. And just to get a better understanding of it, right here I have this little chart right here that shows the oxygen uptake by hemoglobin or how saturated it can be. And you might see this in maybe your biology class so it’s a good thing to understand. So right here, we have on the x-axis or the horizontal axis, we have the partial pressure of oxygen. And if you watched the chemistry lectures on partial pressure, you know that partial pressure just means, how frequently are you being bumped into by oxygen? Pressure is generated by gases or molecules bumping into you. It doesn’t have to be gas, but just molecules bumping into you. And then the partial pressure of oxygen is the amount of that that’s generated by oxygen molecules bumping into you. So you can imagine as you go to the right, there’s just more and more oxygen around so you’re going to get more and more bumped into by oxygen. So this is just essentially saying, how much oxygen is around as you go to the right axis? And then the vertical axis tells you, how saturated are your hemoglobin molecules? This 100% would mean all of the heme groups on all of the hemoglobin molecules or proteins have bound to oxygen. Zero means that none have. So when you have an environment with very little oxygen— and this actually shows the cooperative binding— so let’s say we’re just dealing with an environment with very little oxygen. So once a little bit of oxygen binds, then it makes it even more likely that more and more oxygen will bind. As soon as a little— that’s why the slope is increasing. I don’t want to go into algebra and calculus here, but as you see, we’re kind of flattish, and then the slope increases. So as we bind to some oxygen, it makes it more likely that we’ll bind to more. And at some point, it’s hard for oxygens to bump just right into the right hemoglobin molecules, but you can see that it kind of accelerates right around here. Now, if we have an acidic environment that has a lot of carbon dioxide so that the hemoglobin is allosterically inhibited, it’s not going to be as good at this. So in an acidic environment, this curve for any level of oxygen partial pressure or any amount of oxygen, we’re going to have less bound hemoglobin. Let me do that in a different color. So then the curve would look like this. The saturation curve will look like this. So this is an acidic environment. Maybe there’s some carbon dioxide right here. So the hemoglobin is being allosterically inhibited so it’s more likely to dump the oxygen at this point. So I don’t know. I don’t know how exciting you found that, but I find it brilliant because it really is the simplest way for these things to dump their oxygen where needed. No GPS needed, no robots needed to say, I’m now in the quadriceps and the guy is running. Let me dump my oxygen. It just does it naturally because it’s a more acidic environment with more carbon dioxide. It gets inhibited and then the oxygen gets dumped and ready to use for respiration.
What do you call the red pigment found in vertebrates that functions in oxygen transport
Where did RHCC take their very first mission trip?
Where is Moldova
Who on RHCC staff sends out the A6 Prayer Request email at the beginning of each week?
Who is Gretchen Rabelhoffer
What year did the Tennessee Volunteers win the national championship?
Who is Amy Grant (TN Christmas)
Which Christmas gift does Ralphie want to so badly, in the movie «A Christmas Story»?
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Acts 6 (Fill in the blank):
. So the Twelve gathered all the disciples together and said, “It would not be right for us to neglect the ministry of the word of God in order to wait on tables. 3 Brothers and sisters, choose seven men from among you who are known to be full of the _____ and ______.
What is the Spirit and wisdom
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What is a swimming pool
Name (3) local mission agencies that RHCC partners with
What is Shower Up; The Bridge Ministry; Path Project; 4:13 Strong; Father & Son Bowl; Wrapping Station
A6 Mission Statement (Fill in the blanks)
Support the Staff and Church Body of RHCC through ______, ______ care and _____ leadership
Prayer, Congregational Care, and Servant Leadership
Name the player and the year of Baylor University’s lone Heisman Trophy winner
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Franklin Campus: Dave Hunt, Kelly Minter, Chad Jarnigan, and Leo Ahlstrom; Nolensville Campus: David Curtis; Nashville: Joel Hudson & Monica Gibbs; Columbia: Greg Bates
Name (1) characteristic that we look for in an A6 leader, as described in 1 Timothy 3:8-13
What is being respectful; sincere; doesn’t drink alcohol excessively; not pursuing dishonest gain; strong faith in Christ; faithful to wife & children
8 In the same way, deacons[a] are to be worthy of respect, sincere, not indulging in much wine, and not pursuing dishonest gain. 9 They must keep hold of the deep truths of the faith with a clear conscience. 10 They must first be tested; and then if there is nothing against them, let them serve as deacons.
12 A deacon must be faithful to his wife and must manage his children and his household well. 13 Those who have served well gain an excellent standing and great assurance in their faith in Christ Jesus.
Name 5 players on the Original USA Dream Team that won gold during the 1992 Olympic games.
Who is Michael Jordan, Magic Johnson, Larry Bird, Karl Malone, Charles Barkley, John Stockton, Scottie Pippen, David Robinson, Patrick Ewing, Clyde Drexler, Chris Mullin, and Christian Laettner