What is scotland yard and what does it do

Scotland Yard

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Scotland Yard is the traditional name of the headquarters of the London Metropolitan Police. The name derives from a small, enclosed field in the Whitehall district of London, which was adjacent to the force’s original headquarters. The name has remained through subsequent moves, first in 1890 to «New» Scotland Yard, an ornate brick building in the Italian Revival style designed by Norman Shaw on the Victoria Embankment, and then in 1967 to the present New Scotland Yard on Victoria Street in Westminster. Because the original Detective Division of the Metropolitan Police had its offices in the rear of Whitehall Place in the first of these buildings, which were reached by crossing Scotland Yard, the name has been especially associated with the department’s detective branch, known since 1878 as the Criminal Investigation Department or CID, but the phrase «Scotland Yard» has also been applied to the Metropolitan Police as a whole (as it is used here).

Contents

History

Scotland Yard was founded as the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police when the force was first established by Sir Robert Peel’s Police Act of 1829. It opened on 29 September 1829, housing the two commissioners and their administrative staffs. It was not (and has never been) a police station in the usual sense, since each division of the police operates its own local stations, but over time has come to house other centralized units, such as the CID and the Special Branch, which function with a degree of independence in their specialized areas. Its first offices were at No. 4 Whitehall Place, and over the years expanded to encompass Nos. 3, 4, 5, 21, and 22 Whitehall Place, as well as Nos. 8 and 9 Great Scotland Yard, and Nos. 1, 2, and 3 Palace Place. The 1890 move to the Norman Shaw Buildings was necessitated by the lack of room at the original location for the force’s growing administrative functions and numbers.

The new quarters at the Norman Shaw Buildings, originally planned for an opera house, were spacious but not entirely suited to office space. The Criminal Records Office was housed on the basement level, with its files on large shelves lining the tall central corridor. Some facilities, such as the Office of the Receiver, and the Forensic Laboratory (established in 1935), were housed off the premises, as was the Hendon Police College (later the Peel Center), which were responsible for training new officers. In 1967, the central offices moved from the Norman Shaw buildings to a new 20-story headquarters No. 10 Broadway at the corner of Victoria Street.

Metropolitan Police District and Divisions

This system of lettered divisions was maintained until 1985, when the Newman Restructuring Plan replaced them with a system of 67 divisions and subdivisions, which was further refined to 62 divisions in 1995. The entire divisional system, however, was abandoned in 1999 when it was replaced by the Borough Policing model.

Organizational structure

From their inception, the Metropolitan Police have been under the authority of the Home Secretary, a cabinet-level ministry of the British Government. Reporting to the Secretary was the Commissioner of Police for the Metropolis, a position originally shared by two men, but since the mid-nineteenth century held by one. At a parallel level of authority, the Receiver for the Metropolitan Police Districts had charge of all actuarial business and accounts for the police, as well as the management of all buildings and property. Under the Commissioner, a variety of Assistant Commissioners with differing duties and levels of responsibility have come into, and out of, existence. The longest-lasting arrangement was one with three Assistant Commissioners, known as A, B, and C, with A having charge of administration and discipline, B in charge of traffic and public carriage, and C in charge of criminal matters. It is this last position, commonly referred to within the force as the «ACC,» which had the most serious and wide-ranging duties; under this position were the superintendents of the Criminal Investigation Division (known until 1946 as the Chief constable), the Special Branch, and the Area Superintendents, who oversaw CID officers in the various divisions. The rest of the (uniformed) force was placed under a Deputy to Assistant Commisioner «A». The chart at right shows the organization structure in this classic era, as it stood in 1929.

With the reorganization of the divisions under the Burough Policing model, there are at present, under the Commissioner, one Deputy Commissioner and five Assistant Commissioners, their areas of responsibility being Territorial Policing, Specialist Operations, Specialist Crime Directorate, Central Operations, and Operational Services.

Specialist operations

In addition to its regular, uniformed force, Scotland Yard has, over the years, added a number of specialized units, which themselves have undergone a good deal of change. The original Detective Department was established in 1842; after a scandal involving several of its senior detectives, it was reorganized as the Criminal Investigation Department or «CID» in 1878 by Howard Vincent. The next new unit was the «Special Irish Branch,» formed in 1883 in response to attacks by the Fenians in the London area; as its mission broadened, it became known simply as «Special Branch», or SO12. Its functions were later merged with SO13, the Anti-Terrorist Branch, which itself was absorbed in 2005 into a new Counter-Terrorism Command. Other specialist branches included, at various times:

As this list demonstrates, there has been considerable re-organization of these police activities since they were first established, and while the general trend has been toward consolidation, there remains a certain degree of overlap between functions.

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Scotland Yard
Scotland Yard is the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police in London. Scotland Yard is situated on the Thames Embankment close to the Houses of Parliament and the familiar clock tower of Big Ben, and its jurisdiction extends over 740 square miles with the exception of the
ancient City of London, which possesses its own separate police force.
One of the most successful developments in Scotland Yard’s crime detection and emergency service has been the «999 system*. On receipt of a call the 999 Room operator ascertains by electronic device the po¬sition of the nearest available police car, which is contacted by radio. Almost instantly, a message is also sent by teleprinter to the police sta¬tions concerned, so that within seconds of a call for assistance being received, a police car is on its way to the scene and all neighbouring police stations have been notified.
Apart from the 999 Room, one of the most interesting places in Scotland Yard is the Map Room. Here is the Central Crime Map, the Deaths by Violence Map, the Accidents Map and the Vehicles Recov¬ered Map.
An old-established section of the Metropolitan Police is the Mounted Branch, with its strength of about 200 horses stabled at stra¬tegic points. These horses are particularly suited to ceremonial occa¬sions, for they are accustomed to military bands.
An interesting branch of Scotland Yard is the branch of Police Dogs, first used as an experiment in 1938. Now these dogs are an im¬portant part of the Force. One dog, for example, can search a ware¬house in ten minutes, whereas the same search would take six men an hour.

1. Where is Scotland Yard situated?
2. How large is the area under its control?
3. How do they call their emergency police force?
4. What sort of maps do they have in Scotland Yard?
5. What for do they use dogs?

Why is Scotland Yard called Scotland Yard? Name of the Metropolitan Police headquarters explained

Scotland Yard’s name suggests it is a police force north of the border, but it is actually another name for the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police force, in London.

Now officially known as New Scotland Yard, the building sits in Westminster, where the headquarters have been located since 2016.

So, why is the force often referred to as ‘Scotland Yard’ and where did the name come from? This is what you need to know.

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What are the origins of Scotland Yard?

The London police force, The Metropolitan Police, was originally stationed at Whitehall and had a back entrance, which faced Great Scotland Yard.

The Metropolitan Police expanded throughout the 1800s and the force took up several buildings across the Whitehall area of Westminster from 1829 until 1890.

During this time, the main address at 4 Whitehall Place, which had a back entrance on to Great Scotland Yard, became the public entrance for the force.

As such, the building was referred to as Scotland Yard and so the name is now synonymous with the London police force.

What are its links to Scotland?

Great Scotland Yard was named this because it stood on the site of a medieval palace that had housed Scottish royalty when they were in London on visits.

By the time the police force had taken up residence in Westminster, the palace no longer existed.

Where did the Metropolitan Police Service move to?

The Met has since moved several times, first in 1890 to a building designed by architect Richard Norman Shaw, on the Victoria Embankment.

In 1967, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police moved to 8-10 Broadway, in a new building bordering Victoria Street.

In May 2013 the Metropolitan Police confirmed that the New Scotland Yard building on Broadway would be sold and the force would return to the Curtis Green Building, one of the three buildings the force used until 1967.

This building has previously been used as the Territorial Policing headquarters and is across from the original Norman Shaw North Building.

In December 2015, construction work on the Curtis Green building was completed and in October 2016, staff moved to their new headquarters.

Stables for some of the mounted branches are still located at 7 Great Scotland Yard, one of the original sites used by the force in the mid 19th century.

What area does the Metropolitan Police cover?

The Met polices 620 square miles and serves more than eight million people across the UK’s largest city.

The area consists of 32 boroughs within Greater London, excluding the City of London.

Why is Scotland Yard called Scotland Yard and what is the history of the London headquarters?

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Scotland Yard is the name given to the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police, but as the building is in London, the name creates obvious confusion.

The headquarters were moved as recently as July 2017, but they date back over 180 years to when they first received the famous name.

As ever, there is a very simple explanation for where the name Scotland Yard came from.

Where does the name come from?

The name Scotland Yard originates from when the police force was established in London in 1829.

The first Metropolitan Police station was opened on 6 October 1829 on a street called Great Scotland Yard, at the rear of 4 Whitehall Place.

The Great Scotland Yard side of the building became the public entrance and so became synonymous with the police force.

As of 1830, The Times called the police ‘Scotland Yard’ and this was home to the Chief Police Officer.

New Scotland Yard

As the police force increased, new buildings in Great Scotland Yard and Whitehall Place were used.

However, because the police force was increasing quickly, it was said that the buildings were no longer a suitable location.

The buildings were also targeted by Irish Republicans in 1884 with an explosive.

Therefore, in 1890 the government purchased a new site for the police headquarters on Victoria Embankment.

This building was designed by Richard Norman Shaw and was the first public building in its entirety to be lit by electricity.

This building became known as the New Scotland Yard.

However, the name was transferred to a new building in 1967, in the same location though.

2017 relocation

In 2016, the Metropolitan Police force moved as New Scotland Yard was formally handed over to new owners following a £370 million sale.

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Assistant Commissioner Helen King described it as an ‘historic day’ as doors were locked up for the last time in The Broadway.

On 13 July, 2017, the Queen officially opened a new location at the Curtis Green building, Victoria Embankment.

TOPIC: SCOTLAND YARD

Тhе History of Scotland Yard

The task of organising and designing the ‘New Police’ was placed in the hands of Colonel Charles Rowan and Sir Richard Мауnе. These two Commissioners occupied а private house at 4, Whitehall Palace, the back of which opened оn to а courtyard, which had bееn the site of а residence owned bу the Kings of Scotland and known as ‘Scotland Yard’. Since the place was used as а police station, the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police bеcаmе known as Scotland Yard.

These headquarters were removed in 1890 to premises оn the Victoria Embankment and bеcаmе known as ‘New Scotland Yard’; but in 1967, because of the need for а larger and more modern headquarters building, а further removal took place to the present site at Victoria Street (10 Broadway), which is also known as ‘New Scotland Yard’.

The Force suffered many trials and difficulties in overcoming public hostility and opposition. But, bу their devotion to duty and constant readiness to give help and advice coupled with kindliness and good humour, they eventually gained the approval and trust of the public. This achievement has been fostered and steadily maintained throughout the history of the Force, so that today its relationship with the public is established оn the firmest foundation of mutual respect and confidence.

1. Answer the following questions:

1. Who was responsible for organising and designing the ‘New Police’?

2. Why did the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police become knоwn as Scotland Yard?

3. What is ‘New Scotland Yard’ and where is it currently located?

4. What difficulties in relations with the public did the force suffer?

5. What is the main principle of the Force’s relationship with the public?

2. Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:

1. главное полицейское управление

2. Столичная полиция

3. комиссар полиции

4. претерпевать невзгоды

5. преодолеть враждебное отношение

6. завоевать доверие общественности

7. на основе взаимного уважения

3. Fill in the gaps in the text below with the appropriate words from the previous text:

4. Read the text and translate the sentences given in bold type in writing: