What is the capital of scotland ответ

Scotland

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An austere land, subject to extremes of weather, Scotland has proved a difficult home for countless generations of its people, who have nonetheless prized it for its beauty and unique culture. “I am a Scotsman,” the poet and novelist Sir Walter Scott wrote in the 19th century; “therefore I had to fight my way into the world.” Historically one of Europe’s poorest countries, Scotland has contributed much to political and practical theories of progress: forged in the Scottish Enlightenment in the hands of such philosophers as Francis Hutcheson, Adam Smith, and David Hume, who viewed humankind as a product of history and the “pursuit of happiness” as an inalienable right, this progressive ideal contributed substantially to the development of modern democracy. Scots have also played a vital role in many of the world’s most important scientific and technological innovations, with inventors, engineers, and entrepreneurs such as Alexander Graham Bell, James Watt, Andrew Carnegie, and John McAdam extending Scotland’s reach far beyond the small country’s borders. Few students of English-language literature are unacquainted with historian Thomas Carlyle, poet Robert Burns, and novelist Muriel Spark.

Scotland’s relations with England, with which it was merged in 1707 to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain, have long been difficult. Although profoundly influenced by the English, Scotland has long refused to consider itself as anything other than a separate country, and it has bound itself to historical fact and legend alike in an effort to retain national identity, as well as to the distinct dialect of English called Scots; writing defiantly of his country’s status, the nationalist poet Hugh MacDiarmid proclaimed: “For we ha’e faith in Scotland’s hidden poo’ers, The present’s theirs, but a’ the past and future’s oors.” That independent spirit bore fruit in 1996, when the highly symbolic Stone of Scone was returned to Edinburgh, Scotland’s capital, from London, and in 1999 a new Scottish Parliament—the first since 1707—was elected and given significant powers over Scottish affairs.

Edinburgh is a handsome city of great historical significance and one of Europe’s chief cultural centres. Other significant principal cities include Glasgow, Dundee, Aberdeen, and Perth, all centres for industry, transportation, and commerce.

Hardworking, practical, and proud of their traditions, the Scots have a reputation for thrift that verges on miserliness. Travelers to the country, however, often remark on the generosity and friendliness of their hosts, as well as on the vibrancy of contemporary Scottish culture. An ancient Gaelic song, a blessing on cattle and the people who keep them, speaks to that hospitality in a sometimes inhospitable landscape:

Pastures smooth, long, and spreading,

Grassy meads aneath your feet,

The friendship of God the Son to bring you home

To the field of the fountains,

Field of the fountains.

Closed be every pit to you,

Smoothed be every knoll to you,

Cosy every exposure to you,

Beside the cold mountains,

Beside the cold mountains.

Scotland is bounded by England to the south, the Atlantic Ocean to the west and north, and the North Sea to the east. The west coast is fringed by deep indentations (sea lochs or fjords) and by numerous islands, varying in size from mere rocks to the large landmasses of Lewis and Harris, Skye, and Mull. The island clusters of Orkney and Shetland lie to the north. At its greatest length, measured from Cape Wrath to the Mull of Galloway, the mainland of Scotland extends 274 miles (441 km), while the maximum breadth—measured from Applecross, in the western Highlands, to Buchan Ness, in the eastern Grampian Mountains—is 154 miles (248 km). But, because of the deep penetration of the sea in the sea lochs and firths (estuaries), most places are within 40 to 50 miles (65 to 80 km) of the sea, and only 30 miles (50 km) of land separate the Firth of Clyde and the Firth of Forth, the two great estuarine inlets on the west and east coasts, respectively.

What Is the Capital of Scotland?

The old town of Edinburgh is a major tourist attraction.

The capital city of Scotland is Edinburgh.

Where is Scotland?

Scotland is one of the countries forming the United Kingdom. Scotland initially existed as a sovereign state before coming to an agreement to join other nations in forming the United Kingdom. The country played a major role in the First World War facilitating the British militia with the necessary resources required during the war. Education has become a major distinguishing characteristic for the Scottish nation as they embrace a practice different from the rest of the United Kingdom.

The country capital has been based in the city of Edinburgh since the early 15 th century. The country’s legislative house is located right in the city. Edinburgh is the second most populated in the country. The capital is always a center of attention as it hosts several activities which are of national interests. The majority of institutions are based here in the capital with the most significant ones being the country’s national museum, country’s national library and the country’s national art gallery. The old town of Edinburgh is documented by the UNESCO as a world heritage site due to its rich history.

Landscape of the City

The capital was set up around the shore of the sea. The prominent castle rock is associated with the early emergence of the capital together with the hills commonly referred to as «seven hills». Land forming processes in the capital have given rise to a volcanic plug in the city. Another predominant feature that came along with the land forming activities is a crag and tail. The glacial erosion triggered during earth movements has led to formation of Calton Hill together with Corstorphine hill.

Economy

The capital is well placed in matters of economic empowerment as it is recorded as the most stable economy for all the cities located outside London in the entire United Kingdom. The capital is unmatched for people qualified to work in different professions. This makes it to be the most among the most competitive cities economically in the UK. The major sectors that shape the economy of Edinburgh include banking, brewing, financial services, research, education, tourism and publishing. The capital attracts many foreigners coming second after London for the most visited cities in the United Kingdom. Tourism activities have been a major boost to the economy of Edinburgh owing to the numerous heritage sites and beautiful sceneries that tourists can come and enjoy.

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Edinburgh is the capital city of Scotland, a position it has held since 1437.[citation needed] It is the second largest Scottish city, after Glasgow.The City of Edinburgh Council is one of Scotland’s 32 local government council areas.
Located in the south-east of Scotland, Edinburgh lies on the east coast of the Central Belt, along the Firth of Forth, near the North Sea. Owing to its rugged setting and vast collection of Medieval and Georgian architecture, including numerous stone tenements, it is often considered one of the most picturesque cities in Europe.
The city forms part of the City of Edinburgh council area.
Edinburgh is the seat of the Scottish Parliament. The city was one of the major centres of the Enlightenment, led by the University of Edinburgh, earning it the nickname Athens of the North. The Old Town and New Town districts of Edinburgh were listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1995. There are over 4,500 listed buildings within the city. In the 2008 mid year population estimates, Edinburgh had a total resident population of 471,650. Edinburgh is well-known for the annual Edinburgh Festival, a collection of official and independent festivals held annually over about four weeks from early August. The number of visitors attracted to Edinburgh for the Festival is roughly equal to the settled population of the city. The most famous of these events are the Edinburgh Fringe (the largest performing arts festival in the world), the Edinburgh International Festival, the Edinburgh Military Tattoo, and the Edinburgh International Book Festival.
Other notable events include the Hogmanay street party (31 December), Burns Night (25 January), St. Andrew’s Day (30 November), and the Beltane Fire Festival (30 April).
The city attracts 1 million overseas visitors a year, making it the second most visited tourist destination in the United Kingdom, after London.

Помогите составить 5 любых впросов по этому тексту на английском, очень нужно. Спасибо.

Scotland

Edinburghhas been the capital of Scotland since 1437.

Edinburgh Castle stands high on the massive grey Castle Rock. The oldest part of the building dates back to about 1100. In the Castle are the Honours of Scotland — the Scottish Crown, scepter and sword of state, the oldest royal regalia in Europe.

The Palace of Holyrood is the official residence of the Queen when she is in Scotland. It is one of the most interesting places in Edinburgh. Many events of the long history of Scotland are associated with Holyrood.

The Burns Country is an area where Scotland’s national poet wrote many of the world’s most tender love songs. The thatched cottage at Alloway where Robert Burns was born (1759) is the starting point of a heritage trail that links together 40 places associated with the poet.

Have you heard about Loch Ness, the lake that has excited people’s
curiosity for many years?

Northern Ireland

Belfast is one of the youngest capitals in the world. It was here that the ‘Titanic’ was built and sent out on her fatal maiden voyage to New York in 1912.

The Glens of Antrimform a lovely and romantic area of rivers, waterfalls, wild flowers and birds. A glen is narrow mountain valley in Ireland and Scotland. People of the Glens are supposed to be great story-tellers. They tell stories and legends about the deeds of their heroes full of ‘helmets, crowns and swords’. Their numerous myths are often mysterious and gloomy.

The Giant’s Causewayon the sea coast of County Antrim is a mass of stone columns standing very near together. The tops of the rocks form stepping stones leading from the cliff foot and disappearing under the sea. There are 40,000 of these stone columns. The tallest is about 42 feet (13m) high. This strange geological feature is believed to have been the result of volcanic action. It is sometimes called the eighth wonder of the world.

Ex. 3. Look at this letter sent by the English girl to her friend in Russia. What are her impressions of the place where she is spending her holidays?

Scotland

Questions:
1. Where is Scotland situated?
2. How many regions are there in Scotland?
8. What is the capital of Scotland?
4. What is the industrial capital of Scotland?
5. What are typical products of Scotland?
6. What are Scottish castles famous for?
7. What is Loch Ness Monster?

Шотландия
Шотландия — страна на севере Великобритании. Это часть Соединенного Королевства. Шотландия разделена на три области: Южные возвышенности, Центральные низменности и высокогорья, а также острова. Многие места в Шотландии являются настоящим раем, не тронутым человеком.
Столица Шотландии — Эдинбург, известный своими замками. Глазго — промышленная столица Шотландии.
Это третий по величине город Великобритании. Типичная продукция, производимая в Шотландии, — лесоматериалы, виски, лососевые рыбы.
Гольф — шотландская национальная игра и была изобретена в этой стране.
Шотландия также страна мифов и загадок; в каждом замке есть свой призрак. Говорят, в замке Глэмис их девять. И, конечно, все знают о лохнесском чудовище. Говорят, «Несси» имеет длину примерно шесть метров и длинную тонкую шею. Первые сведения о чудовище датируются 565-м годом. С 1934 года тысячи людей начали утверждать, что они видели чудовище. Ученые исследовали озеро и делали фотографии, но научного объяснения этой загадки не найдено.

Источник: 100 тем английского языка. Авторы Каверина В. Бойко В. Жидких Н.