What is the legislative power in the usa vested in

The United States Political System

The USA is а Presidential Republic.

Тhe Senate is made uр of 100 members (two from each state), elected for а term of six years. Оnе third of the Senate is elected every two years. The House of Representatives comprises representatives from each state, elected for а two-year term. The presiding officer of the Senate is the vice-president of the USA. Тhe House of Representatives elects the presiding officer of the House of Representatives, the Speaker. The committees of both Houses do the work of preparing and considering laws. Тhere arе 15 standing committees in the Senate and 19 in the House of Representatives.

The Congress assembles at least оnсе а уеar.

The executive branch of the government consists of the President, the Vice President and the Cabinet. Тhe President’s term of office is four years. Тhe President is the head of the executive branch of the government; he appoints the members of the Cabinet. The Cabinet advises the President оn many matters and is composed of the heads of the executive departments: Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of Defense and others.

Тhe judicial branch of the government is headed bу the Supreme Court, which settles disputes between the states. The Supreme Court mау veto any law passed bу the Congress if it contradicts the Constitution of the USA.

The United States of America is а federal union. The President is the Head of the Federal government, which deals with international problems and national matters. But every state has its own constitution and the state government, headed bу the Governor and managing their local affairs. Their laws and decisions must not contradict the Constitution of the USA.

Тhe capital of the United States is Washington, which is situated оn the river Potomac.

Конгресс собирает, по крайней мере, оnсе а уеar.

Судебная власть Тhe правительства возглавляется bу Верховный Суд, который улаживает споры между государствами. Верховный Суд mау накладывает вето на переданный bу любого закона Конгресс, если это противоречит конституции США.

adopt the Constitution

the term of office

contradict the Constitution

deal with international problems and national matters

Представитель; противоречить Конституции; постоянная комиссия; назначать членов Кабинета; правительство штата; составление законов; вице-президент; выбирать сроком на два года; Палата представителей; состоять из представителей от каждого штата.

1. What type of state is the USA?

2. What chambers does the Congress consist of?

3. Who is the presiding officer of both chambers?

4. What is the structure of the executive branch of the USA?

5. What are the functions of the Supreme Court?

6. Does every state have its own constitution and the state government?

1. standing committee

3. contradict the Constitution

4. international matters

6. federal authorities

10. have a right to vote

a) national affairs

c) ad hoc committee

d) agree with the Constitution

f) local authorities

h) have no right to vote

1. Выборы президента в США проводятся каждые четыре года.

2. Конгресс США состоит из Палаты представителей и Сената.

3. В Сенате работают 15 постоянных комиссий.

4. Исполнительная власть осуществляется Президентом, вице-президентом и Кабинетом.

5. У каждого штата США есть свои законы, которые не должны противоречить Конституции.

6. Президент – глава государства, он занимается вопросами внутренней и внешней политики.

7. Сенат США состоит из 100 членов, которые избираются сроком на 6 лет.

8. Национальный флаг США представляет собой 13 полос – первых штатов США и 50 звезд – число существующих на сегодняшний день штатов.

9. Верховный суд может наложить вето на закон, противоречащий Конституции США.

10. Главой каждого штата является губернатор.

Section 1 Legislative Power Vested

Legislative Power Vested

All legislative powers herein granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United States, which shall consist of a Senate and House of Representatives.

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Section 8 Scope of Legislative Power

Section 8 Scope of Legislative Power The Congress shall have power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;To borrow money on the credit of the United States;To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes;To establish a uniform rule of naturalization,

Section 9 Limits on Legislative Power

Section 9 Limits on Legislative Power The migration or importation of such persons as any of the states now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation, not exceeding ten dollars for each person.The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended, unless when in cases of rebellion or invasion the public safety may require it.No bill of

Section 2 Presidential Power

Section 2 Presidential Power The President shall be commander in chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the militia of the several states, when called into the actual service of the United States; he may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices, and he shall have power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases

Section 1 Judicial Power Vested

Section 1 Judicial Power Vested The judicial power of the United States, shall be vested in one Supreme Court, and in such inferior courts as the Congress may from time to time ordain and establish. The judges, both of the supreme and inferior courts, shall hold their offices during good behaviour, and shall, at stated times, receive for their services, a compensation, which shall not be diminished during their continuance in

Section 2 Scope of Judicial Power

Section 2 Scope of Judicial Power The judicial power shall extend to all cases, in law and equity, arising under this Constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties made, or which shall be made, under their authority;-to all cases affecting ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls;-to all cases of admiralty and maritime jurisdiction;-to controversies to which the United States shall be a party;-to controversies between two or more states;-between a state and citizens of

Section 2

Section 2 The Congress and the several states shall have concurrent power to enforce this article by appropriate

Section 1

Section 1 The terms of the President and Vice President shall end at noon on the 20th day of January, and the terms of Senators and Representatives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years in which such terms would have ended if this article had not been ratified; and the terms of their successors shall then

Section 2

Section 2 The Congress shall assemble at least once in every year, and such meeting shall begin at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall by law appoint a different

Section 3

Section 3 If, at the time fixed for the beginning of the term of the President, the President elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall become President. If a President shall not have been chosen before the time fixed for the beginning of his term, or if the President elect shall have failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall act as President until a President shall have qualified; and the Congress may by law provide for the case wherein neither a President elect nor a

Section 4

Section 4 The Congress may by law provide for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the House of Representatives may choose a President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon them, and for the case of the death of any of the persons from whom the Senate may choose a Vice President whenever the right of choice shall have devolved upon

Section 5

Section 5 Sections 1 and 2 shall take effect on the 15th day of October following the ratification of this

Section 6

Section 6 This article shall be inoperative unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-fourths of the several states within seven years from the date of its

Section 1

Section 1 The eighteenth article of amendment to the Constitution of the United States is hereby

Section 2

Section 2 The transportation or importation into any state, territory, or possession of the United States for delivery or use therein of intoxicating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is hereby

Section 3

Section 3 Whenever the President transmits to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the Speaker of the House of Representatives his written declaration that he is unable to discharge the powers and duties of his office, and until he transmits to them a written declaration to the contrary, such powers and duties shall be discharged by the Vice President as Acting

Тема / Топик по английскому языку:
US Political System

The USA is a presidential republic.

The Senate is made up of 100 members (2 from each state), elected for a term of 6 years. One third of the Senate is elected every 2 years. To be elected a Senator, a person must be at least 30 years old and have been the citizen of the USA for at least 9 years.

The House of Representatives comprises representatives from each state, elected for a two-year term. The number of representatives from each state depends on its population, but every state is represented. To be elected a representative, a person must be at least 25 years of age and have been a citizen of the USA for at least 7 years.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the Vice-President of the USA. The presiding officer of the House of Representatives, the Speaker, is elected by the house. The work of preparing and considering laws is done by the committees of both Houses. There are 15 standing committees in the Senate and 19 in the House of Representatives.

The Congress assembles at least once a year.

The executive branch of the government consists of the President, the Vice-President and the Cabinet. The President’s term of office is four years, together with the Vice-President, chosen for the same term. The President is the head of the executive branch of the government; he appoints the members of the Cabinet. The Cabinet advises the President on many matters and is composed of the heads of ten executive departments: Secretary of State, Secretary of Treasury, Secretary of Defence and others.

The judicial branch of the government is headed by the Supreme Court which settles disputes between the states. The Supreme Court may veto any law passed by the Congress if it contradicts the Constitution of the USA.

The United States is a federal Union, and the President is the head of the Federal government which deals with international problems and national matters. But every state has its own constitution and the state government headed by the Governor and managing their local affairs. Their laws and decisions must not contradict the Constitution of the USA.

Topical Vocabulary

The United States of America (стр. 2 )

Из за большого объема этот материал размещен на нескольких страницах: 1 2 3 4 5 6

давать рекомендации президенту

состоять из кого-либо

высшая судебная власть

решать спор между штатами

наложить вето на закон

заниматься международными и

заниматься местными вопросами

национальный флаг США

теперешнее число штатов

Answer the questions:

1. What is the legislative power in the USA vested in?

2. What kind of person may be elected a senator?

3. How is a representative elected?

4. Who are the presiding officers of die Senate ad the House of Representatives?

5. How does the executive branch of the government function?

6. What is the judicial branch of the government headed by?

7. What are the functions of state governments?

8. What does the US national flag represent?

I. В США законодательная власть осуществляется конгрессом, состоящим из сената и палаты представителей.

2 Палата представителей включает представителей от каждого штата, избираемых

сроком на два года.

4 высший исполнительный орган состоит из президента, вице-пре­зидента и кабинета.

5, Президент, глава высшей исполнительной власти, избирается на 4 рода и назначает членов кабинета.

5. Кабинет состоит из руководителей 10 исполнительных департамен­тов и дает рекомендации президенту по многим вопросам.

7. Верховный суд решает спорные вопросы между штатами и мо­жет наложить вето на закон, если он противоречит конституции.

8. Правительство штата во главе с губернатором занимается местны­ми вопросами.

The Russian Federation

In area, the Russian Federation is the largest country in the world. Its total area is about 17 million square kilometres. It occupies most of Eastern Europe and Northern Asia. Russia stretches from the Baltic Sea in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the East and from the Arctic Ocean in the North to the Black Sea and the Caucasus, the Altai, and the Sayan mountains, and the Amur and the Ussuri rivers in the South. It is bordered by Norway and Finland in the north-west, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus and the Ukraine in the West, Georgia and Azerbaijan in the south-west, and Kazakhstan, Mongolia, China along the southern border. The federation comprises 21 republics.

The climate in Russia varies from arctic in the north to continental in the central part of the country and subtropical in the south.

The current population of Russia is about 50 million people; 82 % of the population are Russians.

Russia is a highly-industrialized-agrarian republic. Its vast mineral resources include oil and natural gas, coal, iron, zinc, lead, nickel, aluminium, gold and other non-ferrous metals. Russia has the world’s largest oil and natural gas resources. Three-quarters of the republic’s Mineral wealth is concentrated in Siberia and the Far East.

Approximately 10 million people are engaged in agriculture and they Produce half of the region’s grain, meat, milk and other dairy products. The largest granaries are located in the North Caucasus and the Volga aod the Amur regions.

The capital of the Russian Federation is Moscow, with the population of about 10 million people.

Russia is a constitutional republic, with President as Head of State.

The legislative power is vested in the Federal Assembly, consisting ^ the Council of Federation and the State Duma.

Topical Vocabulary

to stretch from. to.

to be bordered by

to comprise smth.

— to vary from smth. to smth.

a barren desert

a high peaked mountain

a mountain chain

to separate Europe from Asia

— the current population

vast mineral resources

to include oil and natural gas

a non-ferrous metal

протянуться от. до.

граничить с (чем-либо)

варьировать от чего-либо до чего-либо

отделять Европу от Азии

впадать (во что-либо)

население на данный период

республика с высокоразвитой про­мышленностью и сельским хо­зяйством

богатые запасы полезных иско­паемых

включать нефть и природный газ

— to be engaged in agriculture

to produce grain

a dairy product

— a constitutional republic

the legislative power

запасы полезных ископаемых быть занятым в сельском хозяйстве производить зерно молочный продукт житница

конституционная республика законодательная власть

to be vested in

Answer the questions:

1. What territory does Russia occupy?

2. What countries is it bordered by?

3. What are the major plains, mountain chains and rivers of Russia?

4. How can you characterize Russia’s climate?

5. What mineral resources does Russia possess?

6. What industries are developed in Russia?

7. What is the political system of Russia?

2. Россия протянулась от Балтийского моря до Тихого Океана и от Северного Ледовитого Океана до Черного Моря.

3. С ней граничат Норвегия, Финляндия, Монголия, Китай и бывшие (former) республики СССР.

4. Волга, крупнейшая река России, впадает в Каспийское Море.

7. Три четверти запасов полезных ископаемых республики сконцент­рировано в Сибири, в том числе нефть, природный газ, уголь, золото и Цветные металлы.

8. Население, занятое в сельском хозяйстве, производит зерно, мясо и полочные продукты.

State System of the Russian Federation

The Russian Federation is set up by the Constitution of 1993.

Under the Constitution Russia is apresidential republic. The federal government consists of three branches: legislative, executive and judicial. Each of them is checked and balanced by the President.

The legislative poweris vested in the Federal Assembly. It consists of two chambers. The Upper Chamber is the Council of Federation; the Lower Chamber is the State Duma.

Each chamberis headed by the Speaker. Legislature maybe initiated in either of the two Chambers. But to become a law a bill must be approved by both Chambers and signed by the President. The President may veto the bill

The President is commander-in-chiefofthe armed forces, he makes treaties, enforces laws, appoints ministers to be approved by the Federal Assembly.

The executive power belongs to the Government which is headed by the Prime Minister. The first action of the Prime Minister on appointment is to form the Cabinet.

The judicial branch is represented by the Constitutional Court, the Supreme Court and the regional courts.

The members of the Federal Assembly are elected by popular vote for a four-year period.

Today the state symbol of Russia is a three-coloured banner. It has three horizontal stripes: white, blue and red. The white stripe symbolizes the earth, the blue one stands for the sky, and the red one symbolizes liberty. It was the first state symbol that replaced the former symbols in 1991. The hymn of Russia is «The Patriotic Song» by M. Glinka. A new national emblem is a two-headed eagle. It is the most ancient symbol of Russia. It originates from the heraldic emblem of the Ruricovitches. All these symbols are official. They have been approved by the Federal Assembly.

Topical Vocabulary

— to be set up by smth.

— under the Constitution

быть учрежденным, основанным в соответствии с чем-либо

в соответствии с конституцией

a presidential republic

— the federal government

to be checked by smbd.

to be balanced by smbd.

— to be vested in

the Federal Assembly

the Council of Federation

— to be headed by the Speaker to initiate a legislature

to approve a bill

to be signed by smbd.

to veto the bill

— commander-in-chief the armed forces

to make a treaty to enforce a law to appoint a minister

TEXT A. The legislative power of the United States of America

The legislative power resides in Congress which consists of two chambers or Houses – the Senate (the upper house) and the House of Representatives (the lower on).

Each state has its own government following the Washington pattern – State Assemblies or legislatures with two chambers.

The main task of Congress is to make laws. The US Constitution also gives Congress the power to impose taxes, to make rules for trade with foreign countries and between the states, to coin money, to organize the Armed Forces, to declare war etc. It also has the right to propose amendments to the Constitution whenever two-thirds of both Houses consider it necessary.

The Senate is composed of 100 members, two from each of the 50 states elected for a term of six years. Under the Constitution the Senate has some special powers. It approves or disapproves major Presidential appointments of such high officials as ambassadors, Cabinet members, federal judges. The Senate must also ratify, by twothirds vote, treaties between the USA and foreign countries.

The House of Representatives is the dynamic institution of the federal government. The states are represented on a population basis and are divided into congressional districts or constituencies or roughly equal size (around 520.000 people). At the present time, there are 435 members of the House of Representatives. It has a special power of its own. Only a member of the House of Representatives can introduce a bill to raise money, but it must be passed by the Senate before it can become a law. The chairman of the House of Representatives, the Speaker, is elected by the House and has important responsibilities, giving him considerable influence over the President. Moreover, should the President and Vice-President die before the end of their term, it is the Speaker who becomes President. A new Congress session begins on the 3d of January each odd numbered year and continues for two years. Generally Congress goes along the decisions of its committees. For a bill to become a law it must be passed by both the House of Representatives and the Senate and signed by President.

Ex. 1. Найдитесоответствияанглийскихирусскихвыраженийto follow the pattern предложить поправки

to approve an appointment следовать схеме

to coin money специальные полномочия to propose amendments одобрить назначение two-third vote печатать (выпускать) деньги special power две трети голосов

Ex. 2. Заполнитетаблицупропущеннымисловамиобозначенныхчастейречи

Ex.3. Определитеправильноезавершениепредложение1. The legislative power in the USA resides in …..

a) President b) Congress c) the Supreme Court

2. Congress consists of …..

a) the House of Commons and the Senate b) the Senate and the House of Lords

c) the Senate and the House of Representatives

3. The main task of Congress is ….

a)to coin money b) to make laws c)to propose amendment to the Constitution

4. The Senate ratifies treaties with foreign countries by ….

a) the half of the members b) two-thirds vote c) President’s order

5. The number of Representatives depends on ….

a) President’s decision b) the population of states c) the Constitutional ascertainment

Ex. 4. Отметьтезвездочкой (*) правильныеутверждения

1. The legislative power is presented by Congress consisting of the Senate (the lower house) and the House of Representatives (the upper house) ( ). 2. Congress is responsible for law making activity ( ). 3. Whenever two-thirds of both Houses consider it necessary Congress may propose amendments to the Constitution ( ). 4. Each of 50 states sends two representatives to the Senate for a five year term ( ). 5. The Senate has special power – to approve or disapprove President’s appointment ( ). 6. The number of Representatives depends on the size of the population ( ). 7. The responsibility of a Senate member is to raise money ( ). 8. Every bill must be passed by the Senate before it can become law ( ). 9. A new Congress session begins on the third of February each odd numbered year ( ). 10. Congress goes along with the decisions of its committees ( ).

Ex. 5. Ответьтенавопросы

1. What body is the US legislative power presented by? 2. How many chambers does

Congress consist of? 3. Which house is the upper one? 4. What is the main responsibility of Congress? 5. What is the principal pattern for legislature composition? 6. Which members have the right to introduce a Bill? 7. How are the amendments to the Constitution made? 8. What house has the power to deal with financial matters? 9. What is the obligatory condition for passing any law? 10. When does Congress begin its new session? Ex. 6. Дайтекраткоеизложениесодержаниятекста

TEXT B. The court system of the United States of America.

In the United States the judiciary (which is a collective term for courts and judges) is divided into national (federal) and state judiciary. Each is independent of the other with the exception that the Supreme Court may, under special circumstances involving federal questions, review a state court decision.

In the federal system there are 90 District Courts presided over by a district judge, which hear criminal cases involving breaches of federal law and civil cases on federal matters (disputes between states, non-payment of federal taxes, etc.). Each state has at least one district court, a few have as many as four. Each court has from one to 24 federal judges, depending on the volume of business. All judges are appointed for life by the President, or until they choose to resign.

Appeal can be made to the US court of Appeals, where an appeal is heard by

three judges, although in very important cases all nine appeal judges sit together. In then vast majority of cases this court’s decision is final and sets a precedent for future cases, although this precedent is not always binding on the Supreme Court.

E X E R C I S E S.

Ex.1. Найдитесоответствияанглийскихирусскихвыражений

under special circumstances to set a precedent to review a court decision to involve federal matters non-payment of federal taxes to be presided by to be appointed for life to violate the Constitution to be approved by

быть под председательством нарушать конституцию быть одобренным кем-то исходя из особых обстоятельств быть назначенным пожизненно создать прецедент пересмотреть судебное решение включать национальные вопросы неуплата федеральных налогов

Ex. 2. Заполнитетаблицупропущеннымисловамиобозначенныхчастейречи

Ex.3. Определитеправильноезавершениепредложения

1. The US Judiciary is divided into …..

a) local and regional b) international and federal c) federal and state

2. The US Supreme Court may review …..

a) President’s orders b) articles of the Constitution c) a state court decision

3. District courts hear criminal and civil cases involving ……

a) violation of national legislation b) violation of state legislation c) violation of human rights

4. The court of appeal sets a precedent for ……

a) legal development of the state b) future cases hearing c) reviewing the previous decisions

5. The Supreme Court is responsible for ….

a) checking the conformity to the Constitution b) reviewing the appeal courts decisions c) deciding criminal and civil cases

Ex. 4. Отметьтезвездочкой (*) правильныеутверждения

1. The US judiciary is divided into federal and local judiciary ( ). 2. In the federal system there are eighty District Courts presided over by a district judge ( ). 3. District Courts are responsible for hearing criminal cases involving breaches of federal law and civil cases on federal matters ( ). 4. Each state has at least one district court ( ). 5. All judges of District Courts are nominated for a five year term by the Senate ( ). 6.

Appeal can be made to the US court of Appeals ( ). 7. The important role of the Supreme Court is to decided whether the actions of the President, Congress or state governments violate the Constitution ( ). 8. There are normally nine judges of Supreme Court nominated for life by Congress ( ). 9. Each District Court has from one to eleven federal judges depending on the volume of business ( ). 10. The Supreme Court meets in the Supreme Court building in New York ( ).

Ex. 5. Ответьтенавопросы

1. What body is the US judiciary presented by? 2. What categories of courts are there in the USA? 3. What cases are heard by the District Courts? 4. What is a membership of District Courts? 5. Which body has the right for court reviewing? 6. What is the procedure of judges’ nomination? 7. What court is the highest one in the USA? 8. How long may a judge perform his professional duties? 9. What area is the Supreme Court located on? 10. What words express the core of US idea of law and liberty?