What motivates people in zetland to do volunteering

What motivates people in zetland to do volunteering

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40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what social networks are popular among teenagers in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject – the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your personal opinion on the subject of the project.

Social NetworkNumber of users (%)VK54.5Instagram42.2TikTok34.6Facebook14.2Snapchat7.3

Social networks are widely spread among all people around the world. Modern people can`t imagine their lives without them. The current project focuses on what social networks are popular among teenagers in Zetland. I have found a table with some data on this issu e.
I can identify some main features of the statistics in the table. Firstly, it shows a huge number of adolescents who prefer using VK (54,5% of participants). Secondly, the number of teenagers who use Instagram is high too (42,2%). Maybe it`s because of people`s desire to have a lot of attention.
It`s clear from the table that the number of people who use Snapchat is noticeably lower than the number of people who use Facebook (7,3% and 14,2% respectively). Facebook is more demanded because teenagers can chat with someone in the contrast

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What motivates people in zetland to do volunteering

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on what motivates people in Zetland to do volunteering. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

MotivesNumber of volunteers (%)
Helping others45
Gaining knowledge and developing new skills23
Socializing13
Building confidence and self-esteem11
Broadening experience8

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with volunteer work and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of volunteering for society.

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what teenagers in Zetland spend their money on. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What teenagers in Zetland spend their money on

Clothing and footwear

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with spending money for teens and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the role of shopping in teenagers’ life.

40.1 People choose to volunteer for a variety of reasons. While doing a project on what motivates people in Zetland to do volunteering, I found a diagram containing some relevant data that I am going to comment on.

According to the diagram, 45% of the young volunteers in Zetland are motivated just by helping others. As much as 23% of the surveyed do volunteering to gain knowledge or to develop some new skills. Broadening experience is chosen by 8% of the respondents and thus proves to be the least popular motivation behind volunteering.

The data analysis reveals that volunteering as a way of socializing, chosen by 13% of the polled, is only by 2% more popular than building confidence and self-esteem, favoured by 11% of the teenagers in Zetland. It is not surprising, because mixing socially with others and boosting self-assurance and self-respect are closely interrelated and almost equally important for self-development.

Although volunteerism is per se doing something noble and serving those who need care and affection, it can be time-consuming and this seems to be a problem. To solve this problem, one should look for volunteer opportunities that require only a few hours of spare time each month, otherwise school or university studies will be neglected.

In conclusion, I believe that volunteering is really important for society as it is an extremely rewarding experience, giving people a chance to make an impact on the lives of others, whether directly or indirectly. Besides, volunteering provides both emotional and psychological benefits. (250 words)

40.2 Shopping is both a routine and a pleasure and there is hardly anyone who doesn’t like it. While doing a project on what teenagers in Zetland spend their money on, I found a diagram containing some relevant data that I am going to comment on.

According to the diagram, 34% of the teenage boys and girls in Zetland spend their money on clothing and footwear. Technology is the second popular category with as much as 29% of the respondents. Another noticeable fact is that only 8% of the surveyed mention spending money on entertainment.

The statistics analysis demonstrates that spending money on clothes and shoes, chosen by 34% of those polled, is twice as popular as spending money on travelling. Surprisingly, entertainment costs are at the bottom of the list and are by 4% less admired than spending money on personal care.

Although spending money is an exciting activity, not all teenagers can spend their money wisely and that seems to be a problem. Creating a spending plan could be one of the solutions to the problem. A teenage spender should write down all the sources of income they make including pocket money and part-time or summer job wages and analyze their expenses. This could allow young shopaholics to manage their cash responsibly.

In conclusion, I’m convinced that shopping is really important for any adolescent: at this stage of life it teaches young people to become moneywise, satisfies their social needs, helps to create good consumer habits and finally it is really fun. (253 words)

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on most popular birthday presents for teenagers in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Birthday presentsNumber of respondents (%)
Money46
Gadgets23
Chocolate16
Soft toys9
Jewellery6

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with choosing birthday present and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of birthday presents for teenagers.

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what museums teenagers like visiting in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What museums do teenagers like visiting in Zetland?

Museums of local history

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with visiting museums and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the role of visiting museums and art galleries in teenagers’ life.

40.1 Many people believe that birthday is a special holiday for everyone. The purpose of the project I am currently working on is to find out more about it. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some data on most popular birthday presents for teenagers in Zetland.

According to the data, there is quite a wide range of presents people traditionally give teenagers for their birthdays. It is clear that the majority of the respondents (46%) consider money to be the best gift. Moreover, a great number of people (23%) prefer buying gadgets for teenage birthday. It is worth mentioning that chocolate is the best present for 16% of the respondents.

Surprisingly, only 9% of the respondents think buying soft toys as birthday presents for the adolescents. It is a bit more popular answer than jewellery. To my mind, push toys seem to be childish and jewellery are commonly interesting for girls.

One problem that can arise with choosing birthday present is that sometimes people buy the same things. Unfortunately, it happens and it is unpleasant for everybody. One solution to this problem is to use special appliance where a birthday boy can write his wish list and guests can choose present to buy and tick it.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that birthday presents are very important for teenagers. They are still waiting for this magic time like in their childhood. (234 words)

40.2 Nowadays a lot of teenagers spend their free time visiting museums particularly there is a variety of museums and galleries. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to find out what museums teenagers like visiting in Zetland. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some relevant data presented in the diagram.

According to the data, the younger generation in Zetland has quite a wide range of tastes when it comes to cultural enrichment. It is clear, that the vast majority of the respondents prefer visiting interactive museums, 70% of the teenagers have named them. Also, 18% of the interviewed adolescents like spending time going to science museums, whereas historical museums, art galleries and museums of local history appear to be the least popular places to visit.

It is worth mentioning that spending time learning local history is four times less interesting for the teenage visitors than learning history in general. To my mind, historical discoveries attract young generation more than things nearby.

One problem that can arise with visiting museums is that excursions are usually uninteresting owing to the visitors can only walk, look and listen to the guide. One solution to this problem is to organize interactive excursions so that the visitors can touch, try to use or try on copies of museums objects. It makes a visit to a museum to become an adventure.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that visiting museums and art galleries play a significant role in teenagers’ life. It helps them learn something new and broaden the horizons. (261 words)

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Oscar:

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: Food

…My mom decided that now we have to eat only healthy food, and I totally agree with her! What do you eat for breakfast? What is your favourite food? What do you think about fast food?

Yesterday I started reading a book about happiness…

Write an email to Oscar.

In your message:

— answer his questions;

— ask 3 questions about the book.

Write 100−140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

Thank you for your message. I was very glad to get it.

I agree with your mum about eating healthier food. As for me, I usually have porridge and a cup of tea for breakfast. However, my favourite food is pasta with meatballs. Despite I don’t have much time for cooking, I eat fast food very seldom because I think it is harmful to my health.

You’ve mentioned that you started reading a book about happiness. Who is the author of this book? When was it published? Is this book worth reading?

Sorry, I have to go now. Write back soon.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово WRITE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

In 1947, Samuelson ______ “Foundations of Economic Analysis” in which he used the language of mathematics to explain the world of economics.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово EDUCATE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Paul Anthony Samuelson, a Nobel Prize Winner in Economics

Paul Samuelson was born on May 15, 1915, in Gary, Indiana. He ______ at the University of Chicago in Illinois and at Harvard University.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово IMPORTANT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

In 1948 he published “Economics” which is considered to be the ______ economics text of our time.

Артикль указывает на превосходную степень прилагательного — the most important.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово GIVE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Samuelson ______ the 1970 Nobel Prize in Economics for doing “more than any other contemporary economist to raise the level of scientific analysis in economic theory.”

Предложение в простом прошедшем времени (1970), глагол в страдательном залоге (Pas Simple Passive: was/were +V3/Ved).

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово GREAT так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Samuelson says that he finds the ______ pleasure in solving problems of economics and it is the mathematical work.

Артикль указывает на то, что прилагательное должно быть в превосходной степени — the greatest.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово DO так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

But while he ______ it, he thinks about the real-world problems.

Вторая часть предложение в настоящем времени, в первой части указание на длительности (while) — Present Continuous: is/are+Ving.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово DO так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Samuelson’s life work has been to use economics in the service of humanity. He ______ more than anyone of his time to influence government policy at the highest level.

Он сделал больше, чем кто-либо другой. (подразумевается уже сделал) — Present Perfect: have/has+V3/Ved.

Образуйте от слова EXPENSE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

The King’s New Dress

Many years ago, there was a King who spent all his time and money on dressing up. He loved riding round in his ______ garments so that everybody could see him.

Образуйте от слова DIFFER однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

His wardrobes contained clothes of ______ patterns and designs.

Образуйте от слова HONEST однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

One day two ______ men appeared at the palace and said they could make beautiful clothes which had magical properties.

Необходимо прилагательное в отрицательном значении (по смыслу) dis-.

Образуйте от слова VISIBLE однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

Only clever people would be able to see them — but they would be ______ to anyone who was stupid or not good at their job. The King thought this was an excellent opportunity to find out who was wise and who was foolish in his kingdom.

Необходимо прилагательное в отрицательном значении in-.

Образуйте от слова WONDER однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

The two men were given gold and silver thread and two ______ weaving machines and they started to work.

Образуйте от слова CERTAIN однокоренное слово так, чтобы оно грамматически и лексически соответствовало содержанию текста.

After several weeks the King decided to send an old and honest minister, who was ______ clever and good at his job, to visit the two men. Can you guess what he saw?

Предложение в прошедшем времени ( в 1947) — Past Simple: V2/Ved (write-wrote).

Вы услышите 6 высказываний. Установите соответствие между высказываниями каждого говорящего A–F и утверждениями, данными в списке 1–7. Используйте каждое утверждение, обозначенное соответствующей цифрой, только один раз. В задании есть одно лишнее утверждение. Вы услышите запись дважды.

Воспользуйтесь плеером, чтобы прослушать запись.

1. For some people, old habits never die.

2. Sometimes it is a mistake to write a letter.

3. Writing letters in English is good practice.

4. Letter writing is a waste of time.

5. It is a waste of time making your views known.

6. Persistence eventually gives some results.

7. Seven together will be better than one.

ГоворящийABCDEF
Утверждение

Speaker A. I have 6 pen pals in 6 countries! We are not really “pen” pals, as such, since we communicate via an internet site. We “chat” regularly about all our news but we are now involved in writing a novel. Each of us in turn adds 200 fresh words for the next to follow on from. We have no idea how the story will finish but we are having lots of fun developing the story and believe we are creating a bestseller!

Speaker B. I write to film stars, pop singers, TV celebrities and even royalty! The letters are basically the same explaining that I collect letters as a hobby. Very often I don’t even have a correct address but a surprising number of my letters are delivered and some get a reply. Usually they are printed fan mail responses but very occasionally (1 in a 100) I get a real hand written reply. My most treasured is from J.K. Rowling.

Speaker C. After birthdays and Christmas, I always write thank you letters for any gifts I have received. What I didn’t realise was that every letter I sent to my Granny, since my very first attempts at making letters, had been marked and graded! My Granny is a retired English teacher. It turns out that every letter she gets she checks for bad grammar and spelling mistakes, marks them in red ink and gives them a grade!

Speaker D. I have a pen pal, Katya, who lives in the Siberian city of Novosibirsk. We go for old fashioned “snail mail” because somehow it is more exciting receiving a letter than an email. It is more personal holding and reading some pages over which my friend has worked so hard. And it is hard for her — but she is determined to conquer English and her letters get more fluent and accurate every time.

Speaker E. I wrote to the Prime Minister because I feel that the government should be doing more to combat global warming. I got a reply (probably from a secretary rather than the PM) thanking me for my letter. It said that the government agreed with me and “well done” for taking an interest. But I felt politely ignored. Perhaps it was stupid to believe that the words of a 16 year old girl would ever be taken seriously.

Speaker F. I got a “goodbye” letter from my girl friend. She said that she was writing so she could choose exactly the right words. She wanted me to understand that she liked me as a friend but it wasn’t a good time for her with exams coming up. We should, she said, move on. But I thought she should have met me. I would have preferred to talk about it, agreed together and split up amicably.

A−7: I have 6 pen pals in 6 countries! We are not really “pen” pals, as such, since we communicate via an internet site.

B−6: Usually they are printed fan mail responses but very occasionally (1 in a 100) I get a real hand written reply

C−1: After birthdays and Christmas, I always write thank you letters for any gifts I have received.

D−3: And it is hard for her — but she is determined to conquer English and her letters get more fluent and accurate every time.

E−5: But I felt politely ignored. Perhaps it was stupid to believe that the words of a 16 year old girl would ever be taken seriously.

F−2: I would have preferred to talk about it, agreed together and split up amicably.

Установите соответствие между заголовками 1–8 и текстами A–G. Запишите свои ответы в таблицу. Используйте каждую цифру только один раз. В задании есть один лишний заголовок.

1. The wrong goal

2. Extra-curricular over load

3. Too much homework

4. Arguably helpful

5. Too stressful

6. Too many distractions

7. A better system

8. Poor co-ordination

A. My problem with homework is that I am rather fond of TV and computer games. Every evening after school it is the same. I start with the highest intentions. I’ll just play one round of Final fantasy and then begin. But it tends to be three rounds and then tea time. Oh — and then my favourite program begins in 10 minutes so I’ll start after that. And so it goes on. Probably I lack motivation.

B. It is so much faster doing homework these days. All our assignments can be done on the PC which means correcting and changing things is so easy. But of course the Internet is the biggest shortcut of all. Maybe it’s true what they say that it stops you reading textbooks. You get snatches of information rather than the whole story. Maybe I should try to use the internet less.

C. I am a drummer and a pianist. The school really encourages this and I have two one hour lessons a week plus one to two hours daily practice. I am in the basketball team. The school encourages this and we practice twice a week. I got picked to be in the school play. Rehearsals are two hours a week. Will somebody please tell me when I am supposed to get my homework done?

D. Exam practice, constant revision, exam techniques and how to get the highest possible grade— is this what education is supposed to be about? The school seems obsessed with grades and the school results league table. We are currently 17th highest achievers in England but if we really try hard this year we might make top 10. Silly me! I thought education was about learning and preparing for adult life.

E. For some kids exams bring more pressure than they can cope with. They worry about what their parents will say, not to mention what their teachers or classmates will think. No wonder some of them freeze up in the exam hall and are unable to write anything out of sheer nerves.

F. Why do they do it? We get three weeks in a row with minimal homework and then every teacher in the school sets a massive assignment to be completed “by next Friday — no late submissions”. Why don’t they get together and try and even the load?

G. I think Continuous Assessment is a very sensible idea. Education should not simply be about slick exam performance, but about overall how you perform in school — how you study, how much you read, how logical and clear your essay arguments are. 50% of our final grading should be based on course work. I think it is fair.

ТекстABCDEFG
Заголовок

A−6: My problem with homework is that I am rather fond of TV and computer games.

B−4: Maybe it’s true what they say that it stops you reading textbooks. You get snatches of information rather than the whole story.

C−2: I am a drummer and a pianist. The school really encourages this and I have two one hour lessons a week plus one to two hours daily practice. I am in the basketball team.

D−1: I thought education was about learning and preparing for adult life.

E−5: No wonder some of them freeze up in the exam hall and are unable to write anything out of sheer nerves.

F−8: We get three weeks in a row with minimal homework and then every teacher in the school sets a massive assignment to be completed “by next Friday — no late submissions

G−7: Education should not simply be about slick exam performance, but about overall how you perform in school — how you study, how much you read, how logical and clear your essay arguments are.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Jeremy who writes:

…I change hobbies at least twice a year. Maybe I haven’t found the one I really like yet. What kinds of hobbies do you and your friends have? What hobbies do you think are expensive and why? Why do you think people need hobbies?

I’ve just finished redecorating my room…

Write a letter to Jeremy. In your letter

− answer his questions,

− ask 3 questions about his room.

Thank you for your last letter, it was great to hear some news from you!

I change my hobbies a lot, too. My new one is making beautiful postcards. It helps me to relax after a tough day and all my friends just love to receive my postcards! As for themselves, most of them do mountain biking as a hobby. I think that the most expensive hobbies are connected with travelling and sports, because plane tickets and hotels are expensive. And some sport equipment can be expensive too. In general, people need hobbies to express themselves in their own way. Sometimes people also trying to find hobbies to communicate with other people who are interested in the same things.

Anyway, you’ve mentioned your room. How is the redecoration going? Did you change your room completely? Is there more free space now?

I’ve got to go as my father is asking me to help him with his car.

Write back soon.

You have received a letter from your English-speaking pen-friend Nаncy who writes:

… My older brother worked as a volunteer translator during the Economical Summit in London. Would you like to participate as a volunteer in such sort of events? Is it hard to take part as a volunteer in high level events in Russia? What kind of activities would you like to do and why?

…Last Monday I returned from my trip to Austria…

Write а letter to Nаncy.

— аnswer her questions;

— аsk 3 questions аbout her trip.

Thanks for your last letter, it was great to finally hear news from you.

I would like to participate as a volunteer in some sort of Summit, but I’d like it to be connected to something I’m interested. I think it is very hard to take part in high level events here in Russia, because you need to show your professionalism and work really hard. I would like to be a volunteer at some theater festival; I wish I were a reporter so I could communicate with all the celebrities from the world of theater.

Anyway, tell me more about your trip to Austria. For how long have you been there? What cities did you visit? What was the most remarkable thing from your trip?

I’ve got to go as my father is asking me to help him with his car.

Write back soon.

You havе just rеcеivеd a lеttеr from your English-spеaking pеn-friеnd, Paula.

My friend and I have just decided to enter the «Go Green in the City» competition. We are going to create a project on the energy management. Have you ever taken part in green projects? What alternative forms of energy are developed in Russia? Do you prefer using public transport or a private car and why?

Last week I visited Granny who lives in Edinburgh.

Writе a lеttеr to Paula.

– answer her questions

– ask 3 questions about her trip

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of letter writing.

Thank you for your letter. I’m sorry for not writing you for so long. I had a lot of homework lately.

It’s very great that you created your own project! Personally I didn’t participate in green projects but a couple of my friends really like it. In Russia there are a lot of studies on sunlight energy and hopefully we will see the results soon. I like public transport because it’s cheaper than a car.

Anyway, you’ve mentioned a trip to your Granny. How many hours did you spend to reach Edinburgh? What did you do with Granny? How many days did your trip last?

I’ve got to go as my brother asks me to help him with his chores.

Write back soon.

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Jeremy:

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: Welcome

…I change hobbies at least twice a year. Maybe I haven’t found the one I really like yet. What kinds of hobbies do you and your friends have? What hobbies do you think are expensive and why? Why do you think people need hobbies?

I’ve just finished redecorating my room…

Write an email to Jeremy. In your message

− answer his questions,

− ask 3 questions about his room.

Thank you for your last letter, it was great to hear some news from you!

I change my hobbies a lot, too. My new one is making beautiful postcards. It helps me to relax after a tough day and all my friends just love to receive my postcards! As for themselves, most of them do mountain biking as a hobby. I think that the most expensive hobbies are connected with travelling and sports, because plane tickets and hotels are expensive. And some sport equipment can be expensive too. In general, people need hobbies to express themselves in their own way. Sometimes people also trying to find hobbies to communicate with other people who are interested in the same things.

Anyway, you’ve mentioned your room. How is the redecoration going? Did you change your room completely? Is there more free space now?

I’ve got to go as my father is asking me to help him with his car.

Write back soon.

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Nаncy:

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: Welcome

… My older brother worked as a volunteer translator during the Economical Summit in London. Would you like to participate as a volunteer in such sort of events? Is it hard to take part as a volunteer in high level events in Russia? What kind of activities would you like to do and why?

…Last Monday I returned from my trip to Austria…

Write а letter to Nаncy.

In your message

— аnswer her questions;

— аsk 3 questions аbout her trip.

Thank you for your last letter, it was great to hear finally news from you.

I would like to participate as a volunteer in some sort of Summit, but I’d like it to be connected with something I’m interested. I think it is very hard to take part in high level events here in Russia, because you need to show your professionalism and work really hard. I would like to be a volunteer in some theater festival; I wish I were a reporter so I could communicate with all the celebrities from the world of theater.

Anyway, tell me more about your trip to Austria. For how long have you been there? What cities did you visit? What was the most remarkable from your trip?

I’ve got to go as my father is asking me to help him with his car.

Write back soon.

You have received an email message from your English-speaking pen-friend Paula.

From: [email protected]
To: [email protected]
Subject: Welcome
My friend and I have just decided to enter the «Go Green in the City» competition. We are going to create a project on the energy management. Have you ever taken part in green projects? What alternative forms of energy are developed in Russia? Do you prefer using public transport or a private car and why?

Last week I visited Granny who lives in Edinburgh.

Writе a lеttеr to Paula.

– answer her questions

– ask 3 questions about her trip

Write 100–140 words.

Remember the rules of email writing.

Thank you for your message. I’m sorry for not writing you for so long. I had a lot of homework lately.

It’s very great that you created your own project! Personally I didn’t participate in green projects but a couple of my friends really like it. In Russia there are a lot of studies on sunlight energy and hopefully we will see the results soon. I like public transport because it’s cheaper than a car.

Anyway, you’ve mentioned a trip to your Granny. How many hours did you spend to reach Edinburgh? What did you do with Granny? How many days did your trip last?

I’ve got to go as my brother asks me to help him with his chores.

Write back soon.

Преобразуйте, если это необходимо, слово WRITE так, чтобы оно грамматически соответствовало содержанию текста.

But there is also a misconception that the famous song Greensleeves __________________ by him for his future wife Anne Boleyn.

По структуре предложения на месте пропуска должен быть глагол write в Passive Voice, предлог by является подсказкой: the famous song Greensleeves was written by him = знаменитая песня Greensleeves была написана им самим

Ответ: was written.

4) a mathematician.

Scarcely had we settled into the Strawberry-pink Villa before my mother decided that I was running wild, and that it was necessary for me to have some sort of education. As usual when a problem arose, the entire family flung itself with enthusiasm into the task of solving it. Each member had his or her own idea of what was best for me.

Sitting under the open window in the twilight, I had listened with interest, not unmixed with indignation, to the family discussion of my fate. Finally my mother decided that George would be a good teacher for me. Now it was settled, I wondered vaguely who George was, and why it was so necessary for me to have lessons. But the dusk was thick with flower-scents, and the olive-groves were dark, mysterious, and fascinating. I forgot about the imminent danger of being educated, and went off with Roger to hunt for glow-worms in the sprawling brambles.

Later I discovered that George was my brother’s friend and he had come to Corfu to write. There was nothing very unusual about this, for all Larry’s acquaintances in those days were either authors, poets, or painters.

My new teacher came over to the villa to discuss my education with Mother, and we were introduced. We regarded each other with suspicion. George was a very tall and extremely thin man with a brown beard and a pair of large spectacles. He had a deep, melancholy voice, a dry and sarcastic sense of humor. However, he was not upset by the fact that there were no school-books available on the island; he simply looked through his own library and appeared on the appointed day armed with his own selection of books. He patiently taught me Geography from the maps in the back of an ancient copy of Pears Encyclopedia, English from books that ranged from Wilde to Gibbon, French from the book called “Le Petit Larousse”, and mathematics from memory. From my point of view the most important thing was that we devoted some of our time to natural history, and George carefully taught me how to observe and how to note down observations in a diary. At once my enthusiastic interest in nature became focused, for I found that by writing things down I could learn and remember much more. The only morning that I was ever on time for my lessons were those which were given up to natural history.

Every morning at nine George would come into the little dining-room of the villa, sit at the table methodically arranging the books. He would droop over the exercise- book pensively, pulling at his beard. Then in his large, clear writing he would set the task for me to solve.

“If it took two caterpillars a week to eat eight leaves, how long would four caterpillars take to eat the same number? Now, apply yourself to that”.

While I was struggling with the apparently insoluble problem of the caterpillar appetites, George was practicing some dancing moves in the hall as at that time he was engaged in learning some of the local dances, for which he had a passion. Through all this I would be watching him, fascinated, the exercise-book lying forgotten in front of me. Mathematics was not one of our successful subjects.

In geography we made better progress, for George was able to give a more zoological tinge to the lesson. We drew giant maps and then filled in the various places of interest, together with drawings of the most exciting animals and birds to be found there.

In paragraph 1 “I was running wild” means that the boy

1) hardly spent any time at home.

2) led an uncontrolled life.

3) became very angry.

4) had an unhealthy lifestyle.

. my mother decided that I was running wild, and that it was necessary for me to have some sort of education.

How did the boy’s family react to the problem of his education?

1) Actively discussed the situation.

2) Avoided any disputes on this topic.

3) Showed no desire in solving it.

4) Felt indifferent.

I had listened with interest, not unmixed with indignation, to the family discussion of my fate.

How did the boy and George feel when they first met?

1) They treated the situation with humor.

2) They were upset about their studies.

3) They didn’t trust each other.

4) They liked each other very much.

We regarded each other with suspicion.

Why did the boy enjoy his lessons of natural history?

1) He remembered much more from those lessons.

2) He got very interested in the subject.

3) He learned how to focus on the lesson.

4) He finally learnt how to write.

We devoted some of our time to natural history, and George carefully taught me how to observe and how to note down observations in a diary. found that by writing things down I could learn and remember much more.

The boy couldn’t solve the mathematics problem because he

1) didn’t like to make any effort.

2) was not interested in caterpillars.

3) refused to do mathematics in general.

4) was distracted by his teacher’s dances.

Through all this I would be watching him, fascinated, the exercise-book lying forgotten in front of me. Mathematics was not one of our successful subjects.

The geography lessons were more successful because

1) George knew geography better than mathematics.

2) the boy was fond of drawing maps of the continents.

3) the boy knew lots of interesting places already.

4) George also managed to involve the boy’s interest in fauna.

In geography we made better progress, for George was able to give a more zoological tinge to the lesson. We drew giant maps and then filled in the various places of interest, together with drawings of the most exciting animals and birds to be found there.

Later I discovered that George was my brother’s friend and he had come to Corfu to write.

According to the narrator the avoidance activity is

1) common to all writers.

2) mostly performed in winter.

3) talking to oneself.

4) a trick to postpone the beginning of work.

I am in Birmingham, sitting in a cafe opposite a hairdresser’s. I’m trying to find the courage to go in and book an appointment. I’ve been here three quarters of an hour and I am on my second large cappuccino. The table I’m sitting at has a wobble, so I’ve spilt some of the first cup and most of the second down the white trousers I was so proud of as I swanked in front of the mirror in my hotel room this morning.

I can see the hairdressers or stylists as they prefer to be called, as they work. There is a man with a ponytail who is perambulating around the salon, stopping now and then to frown and grab a bank of customer’s hair. There are two girl stylists: one has had her white blonde hair shaved and then allowed it explode into hundreds of hedgehog’s quills; the other has hair any self-respecting woman would scalp for: thick and lustrous. All three are dressed in severe black. Even undertakers allow themselves to wear a little white on the neck and cuffs, but undertakers don’t take their work half as seriously, and there lies the problem. I am afraid of hairdressers.

When I sit in front of the salon mirror stuttering and blushing, and saying that I don’t know what I want, I know I am the client from hell. Nobody is going to win Stylist of the year with me as a model.

I am hopeless at small talk (and big talk). I’m also averse to looking at my face in a mirror for an hour and a half. I behave as though I am a prisoner on the run.

I’ve looked at wigs in stores, but I am too shy to try them on, and I still remember the horror of watching a bewigged man jump into a swimming pool and then seeing what looked like a medium sized rodent break the surface and float on the water. He snatched at his wig, thrust it anyhow on top of his head and left the pool. I didn’t see him for the rest of the holiday.

There is a behavior trait that a lot of writers share — it is called avoidance activity. They will do anything to avoid starting to write: clean a drain, phone their mentally confused uncle in Peru, change the cat’s litter tray. I’m prone to this myself, in summer I deadhead flowers, even lobelia. In winter I’ll keep a fire going stick by stick, anything to put off the moment of scratching marks on virgin paper.

I am indulging an avoidance activity now. I’ve just ordered another cappuccino, I’ve given myself a sever talking: For God’s sake, woman! You are forty-seven years of age. Just cross the road, push the salon door open, and ask for an appointment!

It didn’t work. I’m now in my room, and I have just given myself a do-it-yourself hairdo, which consisted of a shampoo, condition and trim, with scissors on my Swiss army knife.

I can’t wait to get back to the Toni & Guy salon in Leicester. The staff there haven’t once called my hair ‘thine’ and they can do wonders with the savagery caused by Swiss army knife scissors.

The narrator was afraid to enter the hairdresser’s because she

1) had spilt coffee on her white trousers.

2) doubted the qualification of local stylists.

3) was strangely self-conscious.

4) was pressed for time.

I’m trying to find the courage to go in and book an appointment.

Watching the stylists, the narrator concluded that they

1) were too impulsive.

2) had hair anyone would envy.

3) had strange hair-does themselves.

4) attached too much importance to their ‘craft’.

I can see the hairdressers or stylists as they prefer to be called, as they work. There is a man with a ponytail who is perambulating around the salon, stopping now and then to frown and grab a bank of customer’s hair. There are two girl stylists: one has had her white blonde hair shaved and then allowed it explode into hundreds of hedgehog’s quills; the other has hair any self-respecting woman would scalp for: thick and lustrous.

The narrator calls herself ‘the client from hell’ mainly because she

1) doesn’t like to look at herself in the mirror.

2) never knows what she wants.

3) is too impatient to sit still.

4) is too demanding.

When I sit in front of the salon mirror stuttering and blushing, and saying that I don’t know what I want, I know I am the client from hell.

The narrator doesn’t like stylists as they

1) are too predictable in their conversation.

2) have once suggested that she should try a wig.

3) are too insensitive to clients wishes.

4) are too talkative.

Along with other conversational openings, depending on the season: ‘Done your Christmas shopping?’ ‘Going away for Easter?’ ‘Booked your summer holiday?’ ‘You are brown, been way?’ ‘Nights are drawing in, aren’t they?’ ‘Going away for Christmas?’ I am hopeless at small talk (and big talk).

The narrator finally

1) talked herself into going and fixing an appointment.

2) got her hair done at a hotel.

3) cut her hair after shampooing it.

4) spoilt her hair completely.

I’m now in my room, and I have just given myself a do-it-yourself hairdo, which consisted of a shampoo, condition and trim, with scissors on my Swiss army knife.

The last paragraph means that the Toni & Guy salon in Leicester is the

1) only hairdresser’s she has ever risked going to.

2) salon she trusts and is not afraid to go to.

3) place where she is a special client.

4) the first place she has ever tried.

I can’t wait to get back to the Toni & Guy salon in Leicester. The staff there haven’t once called my hair ‘thine’ and they can do wonders with the savagery caused by Swiss army knife scissors.

There is a behavior trait that a lot of writers share — it is called avoidance activity. They will do anything to avoid starting to write: clean a drain, phone their mentally confused uncle in Peru, change the cat’s litter tray.

1) reflection of one’s potential.

2) feelings of unfair treatment.

3) below-average performance.

4) record of achievements.

Why I sent Oxford a rejection letter

A little over a month ago, I sent Oxford a rejection email that parodied the thousands that they send each year. Much to my surprise, it has become a bit of an Internet hit, and has provoked reactions of both horror and amusement.

In my letter I wrote: «I have now considered your establishment as a place to read Law (Jurisprudence). I very much regret to inform you that I will be withdrawing my application. I realize you may be disappointed by this decision, but you were in competition with many fantastic universities and following your interview, I am afraid you do not quite meet the standard of the universities I will be considering.»

I sent the email after returning from my interview at Magdalen College, Oxford, to prove to a couple of my friends that Oxbridge did not need to be held in awe. One of them subsequently shared it on Facebook because he found it funny.

I certainly did not expect the email to spread as far as it has. Varying between offers of TV interviews and hundreds of enthusiastic Facebook messages, it has certainly been far-reaching. Many of my friends and undoubtedly many strangers were unable to comprehend that I’d sent such an email to this bastion of prestige and privilege. Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities?

For me, such questions paint a picture of a very cynical society. I do not want to study law because I want to be rich, or wear an uncomfortable wig and cloak. Perhaps optimistically, I want to study law because I am interested in justice.

To me, withdrawing my application to an institution that is a symbol of unfairness in both our education and the legal system (which is so dominated by Oxbridge graduates) makes perfect sense, and I am reluctant to be part of a system so heavily dominated by such a narrow group of self-selecting elites.

It was only at the interview that I started to question what exactly I was trying to prove. I was well aware that fantastic candidates are often turned down, and I did not believe that this was a true reflection of their academic potential.

Although I share concern that not going to Oxbridge gives you a «chip on your shoulder», I did not write to Oxford to avoid the risk of being labeled as an «Oxbridge reject»: I already am one. Last year I made an (admittedly weak) application to Cambridge and was inevitably rejected post-interview.

A year ago, I was in awe of the beautiful buildings of Oxbridge, but today I am in awe of the sheer number of people who, like me, have managed to not take it so seriously. Ultimately, I am not harming Oxford by laughing at it, and it is an amazing feeling to realize that so many people are enjoying my email. Actually, I was amazed to know how many people of different ages bothered to read it and even to leave their comments about it in Facebook. I had fun reading some of them, too.

I very much regret to inform you that I will be withdrawing my application. I realize you may be disappointed by this decision, but you were in competition with many fantastic universities and following your interview, I am afraid you do not quite meet the standard of the universities I will be considering.»

1) fully agreed with the message.

2) found the topic very interesting.

3) wanted to defend Oxbridge.

4) were outraged with the letter.

Many of my friends and undoubtedly many strangers were unable to comprehend that I’d sent such an email to this bastion of prestige and privilege.Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities?

1) people seem to be more worried about reputations.

2) people supported Oxbridge.

3) lawyers do their job for high incomes.

4) universities are very selective.

Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities?

For me, such questions paint a picture of a very cynical society.

3) not very rich.

I grew up on benefits in council estates throughout Bristol — not a type of heritage often associated with an Oxbridge interview — I decided to give it a try.

Сouncil estates — район с муниципальными домами.

2) reveals candidates’ abilities.

3) needs improvement.

4) is hard to understand.

To me, withdrawing my application to an institution that is a symbol of unfairness in both our education and the legal system (which is so dominated by Oxbridge graduates) makes perfect sense, and I am reluctant to be part of a system so heavily dominated by such a narrow group of self-selecting elites.

2) Oxbridge rejection.

3) university studies.

4) university interview.

A year ago, I was in awe of the beautiful buildings of Oxbridge, but today I am in awe of the sheer number of people who, like me, have managed to not take it so seriously.

Although I share concern that not going to Oxbridge gives you a «chip on your shoulder», I did not write to Oxford to avoid the risk of being labeled as an «Oxbridge reject»: I already am one.

Chip on your shoulder — это типа клеймо.

Have a chip on your shoulder — to seem angry all the time because you think you have been treated unfairly or feel you are not as good as other people.

The expression “chip on your shoulder” in paragraph 9 means …

1) feelings of unfair treatment.

2) reflection of one’s potential.

3) below-average performance.

4) record of achievements.

Why I sent Oxford a rejection letter

A little over a month ago, I sent Oxford a rejection email that parodied the thousands that they send each year. Much to my surprise, it has become a bit of an Internet hit, and has provoked reactions of both horror and amusement.

In my letter I wrote: «I have now considered your establishment as a place to read Law (Jurisprudence). I very much regret to inform you that I will be withdrawing my application. I realize you may be disappointed by this decision, but you were in competition with many fantastic universities and following your interview, I am afraid you do not quite meet the standard of the universities I will be considering.»

I sent the email after returning from my interview at Magdalen College, Oxford, to prove to a couple of my friends that Oxbridge did not need to be held in awe. One of them subsequently shared it on Facebook because he found it funny.

I certainly did not expect the email to spread as far as it has. Varying between offers of TV interviews and hundreds of enthusiastic Facebook messages, it has certainly been far-reaching. Many of my friends and undoubtedly many strangers were unable to comprehend that I’d sent such an email to this bastion of prestige and privilege. Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities?

For me, such questions paint a picture of a very cynical society. I do not want to study law because I want to be rich, or wear an uncomfortable wig and cloak. Perhaps optimistically, I want to study law because I am interested in justice.

To me, withdrawing my application to an institution that is a symbol of unfairness in both our education and the legal system (which is so dominated by Oxbridge graduates) makes perfect sense, and I am reluctant to be part of a system so heavily dominated by such a narrow group of self-selecting elites.

It was only at the interview that I started to question what exactly I was trying to prove. I was well aware that fantastic candidates are often turned down, and I did not believe that this was a true reflection of their academic potential.

Although I share concern that not going to Oxbridge gives you a «chip on your shoulder», I did not write to Oxford to avoid the risk of being labeled as an «Oxbridge reject»: I already am one. Last year I made an (admittedly weak) application to Cambridge and was inevitably rejected post-interview.

A year ago, I was in awe of the beautiful buildings of Oxbridge, but today I am in awe of the sheer number of people who, like me, have managed to not take it so seriously. Ultimately, I am not harming Oxford by laughing at it, and it is an amazing feeling to realize that so many people are enjoying my email. Actually, I was amazed to know how many people of different ages bothered to read it and even to leave their comments about it in Facebook. I had fun reading some of them, too.

The email letter the author sent to Oxford was meant to be …

I realize you may be disappointed by this decision, but you were in competition with many fantastic universities and following your interview, I am afraid you do not quite meet the standard of the universities I will be considering.»

The letter caused so much response because people …

1) fully agreed with the message.

2) were outraged with the letter.

3) wanted to defend Oxbridge.

4) found the topic exciting.

Many of my friends and undoubtedly many strangers were unable to comprehend that I’d sent such an email to this bastion of prestige and privilege. Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities?

The author accuses society of cynicism because …

1) universities are very selective.

2) people supported Oxbridge.

3) people seem to be more worried about reputations.

4) lawyers do their job for high incomes.

Why was I not afraid of damaging my future prospects as a lawyer? Didn’t I think this might hurt my chances with other universities? For me, such questions paint a picture of a very cynical society.

Judging by paragraph 7, the authorcomes from a family which is …

4) not very rich.

Coupled with the fact that I grew up on benefits in council estates throughout Bristol — not a type of heritage often associated with an Oxbridge interview — 1 decided to give it a try.

The author believes that the selection to Oxbridge …

1) is hard to understand.

3) reveals candidates’ abilities.

4) needs improvement.

To me, withdrawing my application to an institution that is a symbol of unfairness in both our education and the legal system (which is so dominated by Oxbridge graduates) makes perfect sense, and I am reluctant to be part of a system so heavily dominated by such a narrow group of self-selecting elite.

“It” in ‘have managed to not take it so seriously’ in the last paragraph refers to …

1) Oxbridge rejection.

3) university studies.

4) university interview.

A year ago, I was in awe of the beautiful buildings of Oxbridge, but today I am in awe of the sheer number of people who, like me, have managed to not take it so seriously.

Although I share concern that not going to Oxbridge gives you a «chip on your shoulder», I did not write to Oxford to avoid the risk of being labeled as an «Oxbridge reject»: I already am one.

“This” in paragraph 8 (This, however, is not an excuse …) refers to …

1) importance of computers.

2) literacy skills.

3) computer language.

4) addiction to technology.

The lure of the screen

I used to tell my parents that the first cell phone I will allow my own children to have will be a flip phone, incapable of Internet access and certainly without the ability to use “apps.” I argued that their first phones would have only the capabilities of my first phone – texting and calling – used primarily to contact their parents, and once in a while classmates to ask about homework. Isn’t it primarily what we think kids need phones for?

It took me a while to realize how impractical this was because if the first piece of a given technology that I possessed had been the same as my parents’, I would have been walking around with a cassette player in a world of iPods (incidentally, I loved my Sony Walkman CD player).

So maybe it was a little ridiculous for me to suggest this, but I think my point was (and is) valid. I look at young kids today and see that they’re as attached to mobile devices as their adult counterparts. It has come to the point where kids would rather sit inside and play games on their parents’ (or their own) iPads than go outside and play hide-and-seek, or catch, well, do anything.

And while I recall my parents telling me to drop the Legos or even the PlayStation controller and head outside, I, unlike these children, often actually did it, and when I didn’t, at least I was capable of breaking away to utter a response.

Today, however, youngsters are becoming so attached to technology at such a young age, as young as 3 or 4, that they are forgetting – if they ever learned in the first place – how to have fun without an iPad – literally.

In April, The Telegraph quoted North Ireland teacher Colin Kinney, who said his colleagues, “have concerns over the increasing numbers of young pupils who can swipe a screen but have little or no manipulative skills to play with building blocks or the like, or the pupils who cannot socialize with other pupils but whose parents talk proudly of their ability to use a tablet or smartphone.”

Kinney goes on to say that the “brilliant computer skills” these children possess is “outweighed by their deteriorating skills in pen and paper exams because they rely on instant support of the computer and are often unable to apply what they should have learned from their textbooks.”

It is true that we are moving into a world in which the ability to understand the language of computer coding is more important than the ability to read and write cursive. This, however, is not an excuse for the extent to which young children have become as addicted (or more so) to their mobile devices as their parents.

LeapFrog, the popular children’s brand is set to unveil a product called the Leap Band; the first wearable tech catered specifically toward children. And although the wristwatch-like product is designed to get kids up and moving, it raises a question for me: How young is too young?

I read that Google is considering allowing online accounts for children under the age of 13 (though giving their parents control over how the service is used).

Because of this cross-generational addiction, this week has been designated as “Screen Free Week” in schools around the country. The week is aimed at getting every member of the family away from computer and device use for just one week and head outside.

For parents, technology is now a dilemma: Give it to their kids at a young age so they are in line with their classmates in terms of computer prowess or withhold it and allow them the gift of social skills … only time will tell, but I fear the former is gaining ground.

A project on how teenagers spend in Zetland their summer holidays

Imagine that you are doing a project on how teenagers spend in Zetland their summer holidays. You have found some data on the subject-the results of the opinion polls (see the table below)

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

How teenagers spend their summer holidaysNumber of teenagers (%)
Staying at home38
Visiting relatives27
Going to the seaside17
Going to the mountains15
Going to youth summer camp3

Write 200-250 words

Use the following plan:

Recent studies show that teenagers prefer to spend summer holidays differently. For my project, I have found some information about adolescents in Zetland. This data includes the result of the opinion polls illustrating how teenagers spend their summer vacation. In this essay I am going to analyze this information and express my own opinion about the best way of spending holidays.

There is a substantial difference between the most and the least popular ways of spending summer holidays. The number of teenagers who prefer staying at home is at 35 % more than ones who enjoy going to a youth summer camp. This can be explained by the fact that not all adolescents can afford to buy the tickets to the summer camp because of high cost.

One problem that teenagers can come across during summer holidays is the usage of different gadgets and the Internet for a long time which is really harmful for health. The best solution is to meet some friends, go for a walk and spend more time outside breathing fresh air.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that visiting new places and countries is the best way of spending summer holidays. Teenagers can broaden their minds and learn a lot of useful information.

What motivates people in zetland to do volunteering

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on how young people in Zetland celebrate New Year. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Ways of celebrating New YearNumber of young people (%)
Having a family dinner60
Going for a walk with friends17
Having a party at friends’ home8
Eating out in the cafe13
Travelling to another city or country2

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 main facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with celebrating New Year and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the best way of celebrating New Year.

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on ways of learning a foreign language in Zetland. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

Ways of learning a foreign language in Zetland

To attend a course or work with a tutor

To listen to music

To watch films in a foreign language

To chat with international friends

To have a pen pal in a foreign language

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with learning a foreign language and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the importance of speaking a foreign language.

40.1 Some people believe that New Year is the most significant family holiday. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to find how young people in Zetland celebrate New Year. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some relevant data presented in the table.

According to the data, there is quite a wide range of ways to spend New Year’s holidays happily. It is clear that the teenagers enjoy having a family dinner, 60% of them have mentioned it. Going for a walk with friends as well as having a party at friend’s home are also quite popular pastimes among young people (17% and 13% respectively), whereas travelling to another city or country is at the bottom at the table.

It is worth mentioning that having a special meal at home is seven times as popular as eating out. Obviously, New Year is a family holiday, even teenagers do their best to be with their nearest and dearest during this magic time.

One problem that is usually associated celebrating New Year is heavy transport system these days. Due to everyone has long holidays it may be hard to get from one part of the county to another to spend New Year with the family. One solution to this problem is to use special software which helps drivers find fellow travelers.

In conclusion, I think that the best way of celebrating New Year is gathering together with the family. It is a magic time that should be shared with the nearest and dearest. (258 words)

40.2 Many people believe that learning a foreign language is an essential part of schooling and there is a lot of ways to do it. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to find out ways of learning a foreign language in Zetland. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some relevant data presented in the diagram.

According to the data, people have quite a wide range of opportunities to study foreign languages. It is clear that the majority of the respondents prefer attending a course or working with a tutor well as listening to music to improve their knowledge and skills (53% and 23% respectively). However, watching films in a foreign language is not so popular in Zetland, only 11% of the respondents chooses way of practicing.

It is worth mentioning that chatting with international friends is less popular than working with professionals. To my mind, the supplementary education is a fast-developing industry, it provides different kinds and forms of schooling. All the more, it is important in order to prepare for exams for example.

One problem that people often face learning foreign languages is that they are not ready psychologically for the real communication. It is hard for them to do their best in new conditions. One solution to this problem is to create volunteering centres where people can practice their language with other learners and native speakers.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that speaking foreign language is very important nowadays. I think it is a great opportunity to discover the world. (260 words)

КритерийКритерии оценивания ответа на заданиеБаллы
K1Решение коммуникативной задачи
Задание выполнено полностью:
содержание отражает полно и точно все аспекты, указанные в задании; стилевое оформление речи выбрано правильно (допускается 1 неполный/неточный аспект и 1 нарушение нейтрального стиля)
3
Задание выполнено в основном:
1 аспект не раскрыт остальные

ИЛИ 1 аспект не раскрыт, и 1 раскрыт неполно/неточно,

ИЛИ 2–3 аспекта раскрыты неполно/неточно; стилевое оформление речи в основном правильно (допускаются 2–3 нарушения нейтрального стиля)

2
Задание выполнено не полностью:
1 аспект не раскрыт, и 2–3 раскрыты неполно/неточно,

ИЛИ 2 аспекта не раскрыты (остальные раскрыты полно),

ИЛИ 2 аспекта содержания не раскрыты и 1 раскрыт неполно/ неточно,

What motivates people in zetland to do volunteering

40.1 Imagine that you are doing a project on why young people in Zetland do extreme sports. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the table below).

Comment on the data in the table and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

MotivesNumber of young athletes (%)
То get some adrenalin47
То follow modern trends15
To increase self-confidence14
To fight fears and stress13
To explore one’s limits11

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with doing extreme sports and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the role of extreme sports in the life of young people.

40.2 Imagine that you are doing a project on what problems large cities in Zetland face. You have found some data on the subject — the results of the opinion polls (see the diagram below).

Comment on the data in the diagram and give your opinion on the subject of the project.

What problems large cities in Zetland face

Too many migrants

A high population density

A high crime rate

Write 200−250 words.

Use the following plan:

— make an opening statement on the subject of the project;

— select and report 2−3 facts;

— make 1−2 comparisons where relevant;

— outline a problem that can arise with life in large cities for teens and suggest a way of solving it;

— conclude by giving your opinion on the disadvantages of living in large cities.

40.1 Nowadays extreme sports are very popular among young people. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to find out why young people in Zetland do extreme sports. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some relevant data presented in the table.

According to the data, there is quite a wide range of reasons why younger generation is fond of extreme sports. It is clear that getting some adrenalin is at the top of the table, 47% of the respondents named it. Following modern trends and increasing self-confidence are also quite popular with young sportsmen in Zetland (15% and 14% respectively), whereas fighting fears and stress and exploring their limits appear to be the least popular reasons to do extreme sports.

It is worth mentioning that getting some adrenalin encourages young people three times more often than following modern trends. Obviously, doing extreme sports such as snowboarding and windsurfing helps them get new and exciting emotions.

One problem that is usually associated with doing extreme sports is the high risk of being traumatized. People, especially adolescents, usually start doing extreme sports unaided. One solution to this problem is to organize volunteers centres where well-qualified trainers can explain the basic rules that will help avoid injuries.

In conclusion, I think that extreme sports play the great role in the life of young people. It is a nice way to spend their pastimes actively. (238 words)

40.2 Recent studies show that the population continues to increase, moreover, the great number of people move to cities. The aim of the project I am currently working on is to find out what problems large cities in Zetland face. As part of my project, I have found and analyzed some relevant data presented in the graph.

According to the data, there is quite a wide range of problems what can occur in modern cities. It is clear that traffic jams are at the top of the table, 46% of the respondents named it. Too many migrants and industrial pollution are also quite discussed issues in Zetland (19% and 16% respectively), whereas a high population density and a high crime rate appear not to be particularly dramatic challenges right now.

It is worth mentioning that traffic management system bothers people nine times more often than their security. Obviously, the security services work more effectively than the department of traffic.

One problem that is usually associated with life in large cities for teenagers is the lack of places where they can get together in order to make art. So that they usually occupy abandoned buildings that is not safe. One solution to this problem is to open special centres for the adolescents where they can express themselves in the care of volunteers.

In conclusion, I firmly believe that despite disadvantages that living in a big city can have, it is obviously a further step in the evolution. All together people can overcome the difficulties. (252 words)

КритерийКритерии оценивания ответа на заданиеБаллы
K1Решение коммуникативной задачи
Задание выполнено полностью:
содержание отражает полно и точно все аспекты, указанные в задании; стилевое оформление речи выбрано правильно (допускается 1 неполный/неточный аспект и 1 нарушение нейтрального стиля)
3
Задание выполнено в основном:
1 аспект не раскрыт остальные

ИЛИ 1 аспект не раскрыт, и 1 раскрыт неполно/неточно,

ИЛИ 2–3 аспекта раскрыты неполно/неточно; стилевое оформление речи в основном правильно (допускаются 2–3 нарушения нейтрального стиля)

2
Задание выполнено не полностью:
1 аспект не раскрыт, и 2–3 раскрыты неполно/неточно,

ИЛИ 2 аспекта не раскрыты (остальные раскрыты полно),

ИЛИ 2 аспекта содержания не раскрыты и 1 раскрыт неполно/ неточно,

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