Заполните пропуски предлогами by или with that book was written my uncle
Заполните пропуски предлогами by или with that book was written my uncle
1. Заполните пропуски предлогами with или by. (source)In his childhood Tom used to be beaten ____ a stick.My parents were marrie
1. Заполните пропуски предлогами with или by. (source)
In his childhood Tom used to be beaten ____ a stick.My parents were married ____ a priest.Molly’s bedroom wall was covered ____ posters.The house was surrounded ___ flowerbeds.His shorts were covered ___ mud.Tom had been stabbed ___ a penknife.The deer was shot ___ a hunter ___ rifle.Soup is eaten ___ a spoon.The new swimming pool has been just opened ___ the mayor.During the robbery, the manager was hit ____ a baseball bat.
Mr. Sergey Roshin,
ABC Company
Office 202, Entrance B1
Tverskaya Street
Moscow
20 June 2014
Dear Sergey,
I have seen your job advertisement in the newspaper.
I know that your company is looking for a secretary.
And I thought I might be of help (I send something that could be of interest).
I am now sending you files ( my resume,the scanned documents, a photo of me).
Please, have a look at them and let me know if I can provide you with any further information.
Hope it will help you to form an opinion about my professional skills and make a decision about future possible collaboration.
Looking forward to hearing from you,
Best regards,
Irina Ivanova.
Уважаемый Сергей!
Я увидела ваше объявление о работе в газете.
Я знаю, что вашей компании требуется секретарь.
Я подумала, что могла бы оказаться полезной (решила выслать вам кое-что, что может вас заинтересовать).
Отправляю вам файлы (моё резюме, отсканированные документы, свое фото).
Пожалуйста, взгляните на них и сообщите, не требуется ли вам какая дальнейшая информация.
Надеюсь, эти документы помогут вам составить мнение о моих профессиональных навыках и рассмотреть возможность нашего сотрудничества в будущем.
С нетерпением жду вашего ответа,
с наилучшими пожеланиями,
Ирина Иванова.
is written by or was written by
moyeea
Senior Member
Hello everyone, I have seen a sentence:
This computer is made in Japan
Compared to this sentence,
which sentence is correct?
This book is written by Shakespeare. or This book was written by Shakespeare?
Thanks so much for your kind help!
owlman5
Senior Member
This version sounds more natural to me as an isolated sentence. After all, Shakespeare has been dead for centuries.
Sometimes people use present-tense verbs in literature about books that were written in the past. If you were writing an article about Shakespeare’s plays, I wouldn’t be surprised to see that you used verbs in the present tense to give your article a lively quality. However, I don’t think this consideration is important if you merely want to tell us that Shakespeare wrote a book.
Myridon
Senior Member
dojibear
Senior Member
Both sentences in #1 are correct.
This book was written by Shakespeare. This describes an event that happened long ago (him writing this book).
This book is written by Shakespeare. This describes the book. Specifically, it tells us the author.
You can often provide the same meaning, while saying different things.
Реакции: sinukg и elroy
moyeea
Senior Member
Both sentences in #1 are correct.
This book was written by Shakespeare. This describes an event that happened long ago (him writing this book).
This book is written by Shakespeare. This describes the book. Specifically, it tells us the author.
You can often provide the same meaning, while saying different things.
Thanks so much for your kind help!
But can I just say «this» instead of pointing out » brand of » to say
This computer is made in Japan.
Does it make sense?
moyeea
Senior Member
Both sentences in #1 are correct.
This book was written by Shakespeare. This describes an event that happened long ago (him writing this book).
This book is written by Shakespeare. This describes the book. Specifically, it tells us the author.
You can often provide the same meaning, while saying different things.
But if I want to ask the author, we should say «who wrote this book?» instead of «who writes this book» (because my teacher has corrected me)
Thanks so much for your kind help!
owlman5
Senior Member
I agree with your teacher. «Who wrote this book?» is an ordinary question when you are asking about a book that was written long ago.
«Who writes this book?» This seems to ask whether somebody is actively writing the book at the time when you ask the question. That is confusing and wrong if you are asking about a book that was written in the past.
moyeea
Senior Member
I agree with your teacher. «Who wrote this book?» is an ordinary question when you are asking about a book that was written long ago.
«Who writes this book?» This seems to ask whether somebody is actively writing the book at the time when you ask the question. That is confusing and wrong if you are asking about a book that was written in the past.
Thanks so much for your kind help!
In this way, we should say » This book was written by Shakespeare»
And sometimes, passive voice and linking verb structure should use different tenses:
The glass was filled with water by Jane.(Jane filled the glass with water in the past)
The glass now is filled with water.(It described the status of the glass, not the action am I right?)
owlman5
Senior Member
moyeea
Senior Member
You are right again. The focus is on the current status of the glass, not the time when it was filled by somebody.
Thanks so much for your kind help!
I still find some verbs which can be understood as linking verb structure or passive voice (like be crowded with, be covered with), they have the same difference.
I know I can say: This piece of material is made of iron.
But I’m not sure if I can say: This piece of material is made with iron or This piece of material was made with iron.
Thanks a million!
owlman5
Senior Member
If I only wanted to comment about what the piece was made of, I’d use the present: This artifact is made of iron.
If I wanted to comment about when an artifact was made, I’d use «was» to talk about something that was made at some time in the past: This artifact was made of iron about 2,000 years ago by a village smith who lived near the area where the city of Manchester is now.
As a general rule, use the past to describe an action that took place in the past. If you want to talk about the material an object is made of, then you’ll probably choose the present tense. As you mentioned earlier, your interest in this situation is focused on the current composition or status of the object.
moyeea
Senior Member
If I only wanted to comment about what the piece was made of, I’d use the present: This artifact is made of iron.
If I wanted to comment about when an artifact was made, I’d use «was» to talk about something that was made at some time in the past: This artifact was made of iron about 2,000 years ago by a village smith who lived near the area where the city of Manchester is now.
But what about “be made with”
We can only use this structure to say that something was made by some kind of material in the past， like someone wrote a book in the past. Am I right？
owlman5
Senior Member
We seem to be wandering off topic, moyeea. However, I’ll give you a quick answer about how I use «made with» and «made of»: This chair is made of wood. = The material of the chair is wood. The chair was fashioned/made from wood.
This chair was made with hand tools = I used hand tools, not machines, when I created/made the chair. Maybe I used a saw and a hammer.
moyeea
Senior Member
We seem to be wandering off topic, moyeea. However, I’ll give you a quick answer about how I use «made with» and «made of»: This chair is made of wood. = The material of the chair is wood. The chair was fashioned/made from wood.
This chair was made with hand tools = I used hand tools, not machines, when I created/made the chair. Maybe I used a saw and a hammer.
I understand， I really appreciate for your kind help！
Thanks a million！
Kenny Chang
Senior Member
Hello, everyone. I have a similar question.
Can I apply this rule to the following sentences?
1. This picture is taken by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny took the picture, not the action itself.
2. This book is written by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny wrote the book, not the action itself.
3. This painting is drawn by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny drew the painting, not the action itself.
4. This (kind of) cake is made by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny made/created/invented this cake, not the action itself.
Thank you very much.
owlman5
Senior Member
1. This picture is taken by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny took the picture, not the action itself.
2. This book is written by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny wrote the book, not the action itself.
3. This painting is drawn by Kenny.
→ If I want to emphasize the fact that Kenny drew the painting, not the action itself.
You have a lot of passive sentences here, Kenny. If I wanted to refer to these things, I would use active sentences and the past simple: (1) Kenny took this picture. (2) Kenny wrote this book. (3) Kenny painted this painting. All of these sentences emphasize the fact that you were the one who took the picture, wrote the book, and painted the painting. By using active sentences, I give you a natural role as the active agent in all of these actions. I really don’t see any good reason to use the picture, the book, or the painting as the subjects of these sentences.
Михеева И.В.
Содержание
Описание задания [ править | править код ]
Read the text once very attentively and complete the sentences after it with the appropriate variants.
The Printed Word [ править | править код ]
The earliest books were written on tablets of wood or pieces of bark. In Greece and Rome the tablets of wood were covered with wax, and writing was impressed upon them with a small stick called «stylus». These tablets were held together on one side with thin strips of leather or metal rings. In Assyria and Babylonia clay tablets were used for writing, and the words were drawn with a piece of wood. After baking the tablets were kept on shelves just like books are kept today. Although the clay tablets didn’t look very beautiful, they were long-lasting and some of them survived until the present day. The earliest books of the ancient world were written on papyrus and skins of young animals. These books took the form of a long strip rolled from one cylinder to another. These writings were known to the Romans as uolumen from which comes the word volume. Though paper has been known in China since the first century, the secret of papermaking came to Europe much later.
Books were quite common in ancient Rome: we know that there were many booksellers and the first public library was founded there about 39 B.C. Only the rich could buy books or make their slaves copy books from important libraries. By the time of the Middle Ages all books were handwritten and often beautifully decorated. Libraries used to chain books to the shelves so that they could not be removed from the building. But very few people could read them. The invention of printing was a really great event in history. The first people to invent printing were the Chinese. In Europe there were several people who can be called inventors of printing. The best-known is Johann Gutenberg from Germany.
Modern libraries do their best to help people get information as quickly as possible. They use computers and electronic catalogues. Probably the most difficult problem for any library is to keep their books, journals and films. How they do it is a new story.
Задания к тексту [ править | править код ]
1. In ancient Rome people used to sell books
a) people used to sell books
b) rich people founded public libraries
c) a lot of people were able to read books in the libraries
d) slaves were not allowed to touch books
2. The US Library of Congress is as big as the British Museum Library
a) has only printed editions
b) is as big as the British Museum Library
c) is the oldest of all famous public libraries
d) is used not only by American congressmen
Перевод задания [ править | править код ]
Книгопечатание [ править | править код ]
Самые ранние книги были написаны на табличках из дерева или кусочках коры. В Греции и Риме деревянные таблички были покрыты воском, и на них выдавливали небольшой палочкой под названием «стилус». Эти таблички удерживались вместе на одной стороне с помощью тонких полосок кожаных или металлических колец. В Ассирии и Вавилонии глиняные таблички использовались для письма, а слова были выдавлены куском дерева. После выпечки таблетки хранились на полках, как книги сегодня. Хотя глиняные таблички выглядели не очень красиво, они были долговечны, и некоторые из них сохранились до наших дней. Самые ранние книги древнего мира были написаны на папирусе и шкурах молодых животных. Эти книги приняли форму длинной полосы, катящейся от одного цилиндра к другому. Эти писания были известны римлянам как свитки, из которого происходит слово объем. Хотя бумага была известна в Китае с первого столетия, секрет производства бумаги пришел в Европу гораздо позже.
Современные библиотеки делают все возможное, чтобы помочь людям получить информацию как можно быстрее. Они пользуются компьютерами и электронными технологиями. Наверное, самая трудная задача для любой библиотеки-сохранить свои книги, журналы и фильмы. Как они это делают-это новая история.
Вопросы к тексту [ править | править код ]
1. В древнем Риме люди продавали книги
а) люди продавали книги
б) богатые люди основали публичные библиотеки
в) многие люди могли читать книги в библиотеках
г) рабам не разрешали трогать книги
2. Библиотека Конгресса США такая же большая, как Библиотека Британского музея.
а) имеет только печатные издания
б) такая же большая, как Библиотека Британского музея
в) является старейшей из всех известных публичных библиотек
г) используется не только американскими конгрессменами
Заполните пропуски предлогами by или with
Употребление пассивного залога
Задание 1. Поставьте глагол в правильное время в пассивном залоге.
Задание 2. Заполните пропуски предлогами by или with.
Задание 3. Переделайте предложение в страдательный залог.
Пример: Kate is writing an essay right now. – An essay is being written by Kate right now.
Задание 4. Поставьте глагол в скобках в действительный или страдательный залог.
Задание 5. Выберите правильный вариант ответа.
a) is being cleaned
b) is being clean
a) will opened
b) will be opened
a) may be not repaired
b) may not be repaired
a) was caught
b) has been caught
a) has been brought
b) has brought
Ответы с пояснениями
Задание 1.
Говорящему важен результат – my purse has been stolen (мой кошелек украли, поэтому я не могу оплатить проезд). В подобных случаях, как правило, употребляется Present Perfect.
Обстоятельство времени – tomorrow (завтра) указывает на время Future Simple.
Обстоятельство времени – every day (каждый день) указывает на время Present Simple.
Сочетание at the moment указывает на время Present Continuous Tense.
is going to be made
В данном случае необходимо обратить внимание на вопрос: Are you going to make breakfast? Говорящий отвечает, используя ту же конструкцию, что и в вопросе (to be going to).
Задание 2.
Задание 3.
Задание 4.
Предмет these beautiful plants подвергается действию (цветы выращивали), стоит на первом месте и является подлежащим. Поэтому употребляется страдательный залог. Также на страдательный залог указывает дополнение с предлогом by – by my grandmother.
Предмет the best wine подвергается действию (вино производят), стоит на первом месте и является подлежащим. Поэтому употребляется страдательный залог.
Предмет settlement подвергается действию (поселение было найдено), стоит на первом месте и является подлежащим. Поэтому употребляется страдательный залог.
Задание 5.
Если вспомогательный глагол употреблен в сложной форме (have been, may be и т.д.), то частица not ставится после первого вспомогательного глагола.
Слово yesterday указывает на употребление времени Past Simple.
Passive Voice (пассивный залог, страдательный залог) в английском языке – правила и упражнения
Сегодня мы рассмотрим с Вами правила употребления страдательного залога в английском языке. Грамматический феномен, по-английски называемый Passive Voice, на русский переводится как пассивный залог или страдательный залог.
Passive Voice правила употребления будут сопровождаться упражнениями на отработку. Начнем!
Что такое пассивный залог?
В английском языке залог указывает на то, выполняет ли подлежащее действие самостоятельно (активный / действительный залог), или действие совершается над ним (пассивный / страдательный залог). Таким образом, есть два залога:
Если подлежащее обозначает лицо или предмет, совершающий действие, то сказуемое употребляется в форме действительного залога.
My boss gave me a bonus. – Начальник выдал мне премию (начальник сам выдал).
The hurricane ruined his house. Ураган разрушил его дом (ураган сам разрушил).
Если подлежащее обозначает лицо или предмет, подвергающийся действию со стороны другого лица или предмета, сказуемое употребляется в форме страдательного залога.
I was given a bonus. – Мне дали премию
His house was ruined. – Его дом был разрушен.
Когда употребляется страдательный залог?
Существует мнение, что следует избегать употребления страдательного залога особенно в письменной речи, чтобы не усложнять высказывание. Это действительно так: не нужно употреблять страдательный залог там, где можно употребить действительный. Когда стоит употреблять пассивный залог? Есть несколько случаев:
Our house was broken into last week. – Наш дом ограбили на прошлой неделе.
The job will be finished by Monday. – Работа будет закончена к понедельнику.
My brother was fined for driving without license. – Моего брата оштрафовали за вождение без прав.
The international exhibition of sport equipment will be held next month. – Международная выставка спортивного оборудования будет проведена в следующем месяце.
Water is heated and added to the mixture. – Вода нагревается и добавляется к смеси.
Much research has been conducted on this topic. – Множество исследований было проведено по этой теме.
Прежде, чем перейти к следующему блоку правил, давайте закрепим полученную информацию и выполним упражнение.
Упражнение 1. Соотнесите предложения 1 – 8 с правилами употребления пассивного залога a – e.
Упражнение 2. Подумайте, какое из предложений лучше использовать – в активном залоге или в пассивном.
a) A lot of visitors will be attracted to it
b) It will attract a lot of visitors.
2. Telephone is an apparatus with which people can talk to each other over long distances.
a) The telephone was invented by A. Bell.
b) A. Bell invented the telephone.
3. Alexander Bell is a British inventor who went to live in Canada and then in the USA.
a) The telephone was invented by A. Bell.
b) A. Bell invented the telephone,
4. We’ve bought a new computer.
a) It can do the job much more quickly.
b) The job can be done much more quickly.
Образование форм Passive Voice
Временные формы страдательного залога образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола «to be» в соответствующем времени и смыслового глагола в форме причастия прошедшего времени Past Participle (третья форма глагола). Как образовать Participle II?
Таким образом, общая схема образования представлена на картинке:
Образование времен в пассивном залоге
Таблица временных форм пассивного залога:
A picture is painted
A picture is being painted
A picture has been painted
A picture was painted
A picture was being painted
A picture had been painted
A picture will be painted
A picture will have been painted
Future – in – the – Past
A picture would be painted
A picture would have been painted
Таким образом, при изменении времени в страдательном залоге изменяется только глагол «to be», смысловой глагол имеет во всех временах одну и ту же форму – третью ( Past Participle / Participle II.
Выбор временных форм пассивного залога осуществляется на основании тех же правил, что и соответствующих форм активного залога. Наречия времени могут служить маркерами при выборе необходимой формы.
При образовании вопросов в пассивном залоге перед подлежащим ставится либо сам глагол «to be» в соответствующем времени, либо вспомогательный глагол употребляемого грамматического времени.
При образовании отрицательной формы частица not ставится:
1) либо после глагола «to be»
2) либо после вспомогательного глагола употребляемого грамматического времени.
Утверждение
Отрицание
Вопрос
Не is not being asked
He was being asked
He was not being asked
Was he being asked
He hasn’t been asked
He hadn’t been asked
На сайте есть упражнения на следующие времена страдательного залога:
Давайте немного попрактикуемся в использовании времен пассивного залога.
Упражнение 3. Напишите нужную форму глагола do.
Упражнение 4. Расскройте скобки, поставив глаголы в нужном времени пассивного или активного залога.
The College 1______ officially _________ (open) last week. The college campus 2_________ (build) around a main square. This is the heart of the college as all the paths and walkways lead out from this point. Car parking 3____________ (limit) and, in fact, students 4_________ (not encourage) to come by car as the college 5______________ (serve) by a new bus service. The college 6 _______ (situate) outside the city that’s why it 7________ (be) necessary to include major facilities like banks, shops and post office.
There 8______ (be) already two open days and a third open 9______ (plan) for next week. So whether you want to start studying or not why don’t you go out to Hardacre and see everything it has to offer.
Как перевести предложение из активного залога в пассивный?
Для перевода предложения из активного залога в пассивный нужно предпринять несколько шагов.
Somebody – подлежащее, my car – дополнение.
В нашем случае это Present Perfect.
Иногда в предложении есть 2 дополнения, соответственно мы можем сделать несколько вариантов предложений в страдательном залоге.
My brother gave me a dictionary. (Два дополнения – me и a dictionary)
I was given a dictionary.
A dictionary was given to me.
Предпочтительным является первый вариант, в котором подлежащее выражено одушевленным местоимением, но оба варианта допустимы.
С двумя дополнениями употребляются следующие глаголы:
А теперь немного практики.
Упражнение 5. Преобразуйте предложения из активного залога в пассивный.
Упражнение 6. Преобразуйте предложения из пассивного залога в активный, добавив лицо либо предмет, совершающего действие, где это необходимо.
Употребление предлогов by, with в Passive Voice
Предлоги by и with употребляются при необходимости упоминания лица или предмета, осуществляющего действие, а также предмета, являющегося инструментом действия или материалом, с помощью которого действие производится
Предлог by используется, чтобы сказать, что или кто выполнил действие.
The cake was cooked by my Granny.
Предлог with употребляется для того, чтобы рассказать какой инструмент или материал был использован.
The bread was cur with a knife.
Мы уже знаем, что в Passive Voice можно и вовсе не употреблять предлоги by и with, так как упоминание действующего лица и тем более материала или инструмента необязательно.
Однако в вопросительных конструкциях в пассивном залоге, начинающихся с who (кем?) и иногда с what (чем?) всегда присутствует предлог by.
Who was the Mona Lisa painted by? – Кем была написана Мона Лиза?
What was the flood caused by? – Чем было вызвано наводнение.
Обратите внимание, что возможна и такая форма постановки вопроса, когда предлог стоит на первом месте, что более характерно для официального стиля.
By whom was Australia discovered?
By what was the flood caused?
With what was the window broken?
Давайте немного попрактикуемся!
Упражнение 7. Заполните пропуски предлогами with или by.
Модальные глаголы в пассивном залоге.
Если в состав сказуемого в активном залоге входят модальные глаголы или их эквиваленты, то в страдательном залоге это сказуемое будет выглядеть следующим образом:
модальный глагол + be + Past Participle
We must finish work in May. (Мы должны закончить работу в мае.) – Our work must be finished in May.
You can buy this book in any bookshop. (Вы можете купить эту книгу в любом книжном магазине.) – This book can be bought in any bookshop.
Обратите внимание, что после глаголов hear, help, make (в значении «заставлять»), see в страдательных оборотах следует инфинитив с частицей to.
I was made to wash the dishes. – Меня заставили помыть посуду.
Molly will be helped to finish her project. – Молли помогут завершить ее проект.
Ответы к упражнениям.
Упражнение 1.
1 – b/е, 2 – b/d, 3 – е, 4 – с,d, 5 – b/е, 6 – b, 7 – c/е, 8 — a
Упражнение 2.
1 – b, 2 – a, 3 – b, 4 — a
Упражнение 3.
1 is being done, 2 will be done, 3 will have been done, 4 had been done, 5 hasn’t been done, 6 has just been done, 7 was being done, 8 will be done, 9 was being done
Упражнение 4.
1 was officially opened, 2 is/was built, 3 is limited, 4 are not encouraged, 5 is served, 6 is situated, 7 has been, 8 have already been, 9 is planned
Упражнение 5.
Упражнение 6.
Упражнение 7.
1 with, 2 by, 3 with, 4 with, 5 with, 6 with, 7 by,with, 8 with, 9 by, 10 with, 11 by, 12 by, 13 with, 14 by, 15 with, 16 with, 17 by
Надеюсь, эти правила и упражнения помогли Вам разобраться в теме The Passive Voice.
Понравилось? Сохраните на будущее и поделитесь с друзьями!
8 Комментариев для “Passive Voice (пассивный залог, страдательный залог) в английском языке – правила и упражнения”
Спасибо большое. Очень понравилось. Удалось упорядочить правила употребления Passive
WHO/WHOM was this book written by?
My version is the following: Whom was this book written by?
But I heard a few times that usage of ‘whom’ is very weird or obsolete in English, although all my teachers taught me to use it and most Internet sources recommend the mandatory usage of ‘whom’. I never had an experience to have a living English conversation, so I know very little about live English (spoken language).
Would it be better to say in spoken English: Who was this book written by? or maybe By who was this book written?
2 Answers 2
Technically, in questions we can use either who or whom when it is interpreted as the object of a verb or preposition. However, it is quite unusual to use whom as an interrogative pronoun in modern English except in very formal writing. (It is is much more common to see whom as a pronoun in relative clauses)
The following questions are quite unusual:
We are much more likely, even in formal situations, to say:
However, there is one situation where it is actually ungrammatical to use interrogative who and where we must use interrogative whom. This is when the word whom is the Complement of a preposition at the beginning of the clause:
The first example above is ungrammatical because the word who is the Complement of the preposition by. Because of this, we need to use the second example above, which uses whom.
However, we only have to use whom if the preposition is at the beginning of the question. If we don’t put the preposition directly before the wh- word at the beginning of the clause but leave it at the end, then we do not have to use whom. We can use who instead:
In the examples above, the preposition by occurs at the end of the question. We interpret the word who/m as the Complement of this preposition, but the preposition is not at the beginning of the clause. For this reason both of the examples above are perfectly grammatical. It is more natural in spoken English to put the preposition at the end of the question rather than at the beginning.
In modern English, the example with who is far more natural than the example with whom.
Whom was this book written by?
Your proposed sentence is grammatical. As you suggest, it will be perceived by many native speakers as formal, probably excessively formal for ordinary conversation.
By whom was this book written?
This is also grammatical, but sounds even more formal and unnatural. I would not recommend it. The structure used here is «pied-piping,» moving a phrase that contains an interrogative or relative pronoun to the start of a clause, which is often used in formal sentences due to a belief that it is more elegant to avoid ending a sentence with a preposition (some people even believe incorrectly that it is ungrammatical to end a sentence with a preposition).
By who was this book written?
This sentence could maybe be heard from someone, but I would certainly recommend against using it. It doesn’t sound natural to me and it also doesn’t use «whom» in the formally prescribed way. Generally, whenever you use pied-piping, which is a formal structure, you should also use «whom» in the ways you have been taught it «should» be used. If you want to use a more colloquial style that avoids «whom,» you should also avoid the pied-piping structure.
Who was this book written by?
This is a good choice in colloquial speech. As you know, some teachers prescribe «whom» in this context, but «who» is generally considered acceptable, almost always treated as acceptable, and will generally sound less pretentious. (I only say «almost always» because I’d guess you can find some native speakers who would say using «who» this way is not as good as using «whom» in a situation where people are expected to show their command of «good grammar,» like a job interview.)
In this situation, there is another option that would be correct and natural in any register of speech, colloquial or formal. You can just say
Источники информации:
- http://forum.wordreference.com/threads/is-written-by-or-was-written-by.3220595/
- http://wikireshebnik.org/index.php/%D0%A3%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%E2%84%9618_-_%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BB_6_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%90%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%83_%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%83_7_%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0_-_%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B0_%D0%9E.%D0%92.
- http://poisk2.ru/zapolnite-propuski-predlogami-by-ili-with/
- http://ell.stackexchange.com/questions/123127/who-whom-was-this-book-written-by