He said that if i kathrin she me
He said that if i kathrin she me
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Indirect speech. Exercises 4 (Упражнения на косвенную речь)
Exercises 9 Indirect speech: sentences with must, needn’t and have to
must (first person)
‘ I must ’ can remain unchanged but usually becomes had to though would have to is better for an obligation which has only just arisen or is likely to arise in the future.
Reading the letter he said, ‘Good heavens! I must go at once!’
He said, ‘If she gets worse I must stay with her.’
These would become respectively:
He said that he’d have to go and
He said that he’d have to stay.
‘ I must not’ usually remains unchanged.
must (second and third persons)
‘ you/he must ’ usually remains unchanged.
‘ must you/he?’ usually becomes had to.
must used for permanent commands or prohibitions or to express advice always remains unchanged,
must used to express deduction never changes.
‘ you/he needn’t’ usually remains unchanged.
‘ need I/you/he? ’ remains unchanged or becomes had to.
Forms with have to follow the usual rules.. Remember that ‘had to’ in direct speech will become had had to in indirect:
He said, ‘After the lecture I had to rush home.’
He said that after the lecture he had had to rush home.
Put the following into indirect speech.
1 He said, ‘If what you say is true I must go to the police.’
2 He said, ‘I must be at the docks at six a.m. tomorrow.’
3 ‘ Must you make such a noise?’ he asked.
4 ‘ You mustn’t come in without knocking,’he told us.
5 ‘ Your ticket will cost £5,’ I said.
‘ In that case,’ said my nephew, ‘I must go to the bank tomorrow.’
6 Park notice: Dogs must be kept on a lead.
7 H is father said, ‘Tom must work harder next term.’
8 ‘ You needn’t come in tomorrow,’ said my employer. ‘Take the day off.’
9 ‘ I must go to the dentist tomorrow,’ he said. ‘I have an appointment.’
10 Notice: Passengers must not lean out of the window.
11 He said, ‘There must be someone in the house; there’s smoke coming from the chimney.’
12 She said, ‘When you are a big boy you’ll have to tie your own shoes,’
13 ‘ Port wine must never be shaken,’ my wine-merchant said.
14 ‘ He hasn’t had anything to eat since breakfast; he must be starving,’ she said.
15 The official said, ‘This passport photo isn’t like you at all. You must have another one taken.’
16 ‘ You mustn’t play with knives, children,’ said their mother.
17 ‘ I needn’t get up till nine tomorrow,’ I said.
18 Railway regulations: Passengers must be in possession of a valid ticket before travelling.
19 ‘ How did you get your bulldog up the escalator?’ I said.
‘ I carried him,’ said Tom.
‘ You must be very strong,’ I said admiringly.
20 ‘ You mustn’t tell anyone what I’ve just told you,’ she said to me.
21 ‘ Need I eat it all, mummy?’ said the child.
‘ Yes, dear, you must,’ she said.
22 ‘ I had to drive your pigs out of my garden,’ she said.
23 ‘ Sticks and umbrellas must be left at the desk,’ said the notice m museum.
24 ‘ Must you do it all tonight? Couldn’t you leave some for tomorrow, asked her.
25 ‘ When you go through Bayeux you must see the tapestry,’ he told me.
26 He said, ‘You must walk faster; you are far too slow.’
28 ‘ I needn’t tell you how grateful I am,’ he said.
Exercises 10 Indirect speech to direct speech
Put the following into direct speech with the appropriate punctuation.
1 She asked if he’d like to go to the concert and I said that I was sure she would.
2 She told me to look where I was going as the road was full of holes and was very badly lit.
3 They said that while they were bathing they saw someone examining their clothes.
4 I asked if she had looked everywhere and she said that she had.
5 He suggested giving her a bottle of wine.
6 He said that the new carpet had arrived and asked where he was to put it.
7 He said that two days previously an enormous load of firewood had been dumped at his front gate and that since then he hadn’t been able to get his car out.
8 They offered me some more wine and I accepted.
9 He said that if I found the front door locked I was to go round to the back.
10 She asked the burglars who they were and who had let them in. They told her to sit down and keep quiet unless she wanted to get hurt.
11 He asked what the weather had been like during my holiday and I said that it had been awful.
12 He suggested going down to the harbour and seeing if they could hire a boat.
13 He said that if I didn’t like escalators I could go up the emergency staircase. I thanked him and said that I would do that.
14 He suggested that Tom and I should go ahead and get the tickets.
15 He said that he thought my electric iron was unsafe and advised me to have it seen to.
16 He said that if war broke out he would have to leave the country at once.
17 I asked him if he had enjoyed house-hunting and he said that he hadn’t.
18 She said that she was surprised to see that the grandfather clock had stopped and asked if anyone had been fiddling with it.
19 She said that she had tried to ring up her mother several times on the previous day but had not succeeded in getting through.
20 I asked her if she’d like to borrow the book but she thanked me and said that she had already read it and hadn’t liked it very much.
21 He wanted to know if I was going to the dance and suggested that we should make up a party and go together.
22 I told her to stop making a fuss about nothing and said that she was lucky to have got a seat at all.
23 The clerk in the booking office inquired if I wanted a single or return ticket. I asked if a return was any cheaper. He said it made no difference.
24 My employer hoped I would not be offended if he told me that, in his opinion, I would do better in some other kind of job.
25 The AA man told the woman that if her wheels had gone a couple of inches nearer the edge, the car would have plunged into the ravine.
26 He said I mustn’t mind if the first one wasn’t any good.
27 He asked the crowd if they thought that he was a liar dnd the crowd shouted that they did.
28 I stopped a man in the street and asked him to help me with my car. The man asked if it would take long, explaining that he was on his way to catch a train.
Reported Speech №1
Переделайте предложения из прямой в косвенную речь:
1 Robert said,’ This film is very funny’.
. Robert said (that) the film was very funny.
2 ‘I’m starting a new job next week,’ she said.
3 ‘I got my exam results last week,’ he told them.
4 ‘I can’t afford to buy this dress,’ said Sally.
5 ‘I would buy a car if I had enough money,’ he said to her.
6 Frank said, ‘That’s the house where I was born.’
7 ‘ That was a wonderful party,’ said Jill.
8 ‘Oranges grow in hot countries,’ the teacher says.
9 ‘A lot of people visit museums,’ he said.
10 ‘This is a very famous statue,’ the tour guide told us.
11 ‘I don’t like that jacket,’ said Bob.
12 ‘I’m lost,’ the boy said.
13 ‘I may be a little late this evening,’ she said.
14 ‘You’d better clean up this mess,’ Mum said to Claire.
15 ‘I’ve already done the shopping,’ she said.
16 ‘I found this note under the sofa,’ said Sue.
17 ‘I won’t be late again,’ he said to us.
18 ‘If I finish work early, I’ll call you,’ she said.
19 ‘I’ve been training hard recently,’ he told the reporters.
20 ‘Shall I make some tea?’ said Zoe.
21 ‘We must go home now,’ said the man to his children.
22 ‘Those are the boys who chased me,’ Sarah said.
23 ‘I’m going to a party tonight,’ Lynne told her friends.
24 ‘I used to have long hair,’ Laura said.
25 ‘There is too much violence on TV,’ says Grandad.
26 ‘You ought to make a decision soon,’ Andrew told her.
Правила косвенной речи в английском языке
Сегодня мы разберем правила косвенной речи (Reported Speech) в английском языке.
Общие правила косвенной речи в английском языке
Косвенная речь – это пересказ своими словами того, что кто-то сказал или спросил.
Прямая речь передает слова в неизменном виде (в кавычках):
В косвенной речи слова говорящего изменяются:
По правилам образования косвенной речи I поменялось на she, have been – на had been. В разговорной речи мы часто опускаем that.
Основное правило косвенной речи – это смещение времен, то есть present меняется на past, will – на would, past simple – на past perfect.
| Прямая речь | Косвенная речь |
| Am / is | Was |
| Are | Were |
| Do / does | Did |
| Have / has | Had |
| Study / work / make / come и т.д. | Studied / worked / made / came и т.д. |
| Will | Would |
| Can | Could |
Say и tell – самые распространенные глаголы при передаче косвенной речи. Изучите примеры иcпользования tell и say:
Jenny: “What are you working on?”
Jenny asked me what I was working on.
Dan: “Don’t forget your passport”.
Dan told me not to forget my passport.
Смена времен в косвенной речи
Ниже мы рассмотрим как меняются времена и модальные глаголы при передаче из прямой речи в косвенную.
Таблица согласования времен в косвенной речи в английском языке