What jobs would you like a robot to do at your home

Сочинение на английском языке Чтобы вы хотели, чтобы робот делал у вас дома?/ What Would You Like The Robot to Do For You in Your House? с переводом на русский язык

Представлено сочинение на английском языке Что бы вы хотели, чтобы робот делал у вас дома?/ What Would You Like The Robot to Do For You in Your House? с переводом на русский язык.

Роботы — это удивительные творения науки, способные выполнять множество разнообразных функций, тем самым делая жизнь людей проще и комфортнее. Такие устройства давно уже применяют на предприятиях, используют для управления транспортом и проведения сложных хирургических операций, но как бы хорошо было иметь робота в своём доме!

Прежде всего, я хотел бы, чтобы робот помогал мне делать уборку, так как сам я считаю это занятие слишком скучным. Сейчас уже есть автоматизированные пылесосы, которые сами ездят по квартире, удаляя мусор даже из самых труднодоступных мест. Не хватает только роботов, моющих посуду, стирающих и гладящих одежду, а также наводящих порядок в шкафу!

Было бы также прекрасно иметь робота-няню для моей младшей сестры Насти. Сейчас родители часто оставляют меня с ней одного. Я читаю сестре сказки, разогреваю еду, помогаю одеваться, вывожу на прогулку, потому что Насте только пять лет. Делать всё это приятно, но очень утомительно, и я был бы счастлив поручить свои обязанности кому-то другому.

Да и маму с папой я бы тоже желал освободить от лишней работы, возложив приготовление еды, вынос мусора, покупку продуктов и произведение ремонта в квартире также на плечи робота. Думаю, в такой ситуации у членов нашей семьи стало бы гораздо больше времени на общение друг с другом.

И, наконец, я мечтаю о роботе-друге. Хочу, чтобы он помогал мне делать домашнее задание и играл со мной в видеоигры. При необходимости такой робот мог бы будить меня по утрам и провожать до школы, а затем встречать из неё.

The jobs that robots can’t do

There are many things robots can do, but there are certain jobs robots simply can’t do. Here are six professions robots won’t replace.

The global research firm Gartner has suggested that one in three jobs that exist today will be ‘converted’ to smart machines, robots, and software by 2025. The robots, it seems, are taking over. However, there are a few job sectors where robots dare not venture. There are certain professions in which human creativity, subjective judgement, and craftsmanship will remain superior to any skill a machine can offer.

1: Childcare expert

Robots cannot take care of small children or babies in the same way a human being can. Infants and toddlers need real human interaction if they are to learn and grow. The child carer and the creche owner have nothing to fear from machines or software.

2: Chef

Robots don’t eat organic food, nor do they smell or taste things. Only a human can express the art of cooking. Bon appetite to all you chefs and restaurant owners, your jobs are safe.

3: Tour guide

As we humans wander deeper into the machine age, the human need for ‘real experiences’ actually becomes stronger. Research has shown that experiences bring people more happiness than possessions. This is where outdoor, and adventure tourism can step in to fill a growing demand. The people who work in modern adventure tourism can expect an increasing demand for authentic experiences in unique places.

4: Journalist

Robots can write (sort of), but no robot or piece of software can act like a human brain when it comes to digging deep into a story in search of the truth. Good journalism will always be in demand. In fact, in the ‘Age of Content’ we now live in, good writing is becoming an increasingly rare commodity. Interesting stories by real writers that readers want to share over their social networks are highly valued.

“The more human beings surround themselves with robots and software solutions, the more they will crave real experiences. The ‘rare, the real and the visceral’ will become a currency.”

5: Artist

Whether you are a painter, a fiction writer, a poet, a sculptor, a craftsperson, a filmmaker or a musician, there will always be a place at the human table of employment for you. Artistry, as a personal, creative force, can only be developed and fully appreciated by people. Artificial intelligence, in the realm of art, is just that – artificial.

6: Doctor

As with childcare professionals, artists, journalists and chefs – the one human trait a good doctor shares with these people is empathy. If a patient feels their doctor genuinely cares for them, they are likely to feel better and heal faster. Robots, for all their complexity and computing ability, just don’t express genuine human empathy.

Is the robotic future for better or for worse?

Ultimately the idea of creating robots in the first place is that they will eliminate dull or physically challenging tasks in peoples’ daily routines – leaving more room for thought-provoking and creative work.

Businesses will also benefit from robots because they will have a 24/7 ‘workforce’ at more affordable rates.

The irony is, the more human beings surround themselves with robots and software solutions, the more they will crave real experiences. The ‘rare, the real and the visceral’ will become a currency, and those who can provide authentic experiences will always remain valued by other human beings.

What jobs will still be around in 20 years? Read this to prepare your future

Jobs won’t entirely disappear; many will simply be redefined. But people will likely lack new skillsets required for new roles and be out of work anyway

According to a 2013 report from Oxford academics, 47% of workers in America have jobs at high risk of potential automation. Photograph: Mona Chalabi

According to a 2013 report from Oxford academics, 47% of workers in America have jobs at high risk of potential automation. Photograph: Mona Chalabi

The robots are coming, the robots are coming!

Regular reports warn us that an automation apocalypse is nigh. In January, a McKinsey & Company study found that about 30% of tasks in 60% of occupations could be computerized and last year, the Bank of England’s chief economist said that 80m US and 15m UK jobs might be taken over by robots.

Of course, not all jobs are created equally. In 2013, a highly cited study by Oxford University academics called The Future of Employment examined 702 common occupations and found that some jobs – telemarketers, tax preparers and sports referees – are at more risk than others including recreational psychologists, dentists and physicians.

In the past, reports of the death of human jobs have often been greatly exaggerated, and technology has created a lot more jobs than it has wiped out. It’s called the “Luddite Fallacy”, in reference to the 19th century group of textile workers who smashed the new weaving machinery that made their skills redundant. Further, in the last 60 years automation has only eliminated one occupation: elevator operators.

While there have been optimistic predictions that new technology would increase prosperity and lower drudgery, very few of us are working the 15-hour work week that, in 1930, the economist John Maynard Keynes predicted would be the norm for his grandkids. If anything, we’re working 15-hour days.

Today’s technological revolution is an entirely different beast from the industrial revolution. The pace of change is exponentially faster and far wider in scope. As Stanford University academic Jerry Kaplan writes in Humans Need Not Apply: today, automation is “blind to the color of your collar.” It doesn’t matter whether you’re a factory worker, a financial advisor or a professional flute-player: automation is coming for you.

Which professions are at greatest risk?

Before we get too deep into doom and gloom, it’s worth stressing that automation isn’t synonymous with job losses. Speaking to me over the phone, Frey was quick to point out that his work doesn’t make any explicit predictions such as “47% of US jobs will disappear”. It simply says that these jobs are exposed to automation.

In other words, the jobs themselves won’t entirely vanish; rather, they will be redefined. Of course, as Frey concedes, “from the perspective of the worker there is not much of a difference” between work disappearing and being radically redefined. It’s likely they’ll lack the new skillsets required for the role and be out of a job anyway.

H&R Block, one of America’s largest tax preparation providers, is now using Watson, IBM’s AI platform

Professor Richard Susskind, author of The Future of the Professions and Tomorrow’s Lawyers, echoes this distinction. “What you’re going to see for a lot of jobs is a churn of different tasks,” he explains. “So a lawyer today doesn’t develop systems that offer advice, but the lawyer of 2025 will. They’ll still be called lawyers but they’ll be doing different things.”

So which professions are at greatest risk?

Martin Ford, futurist and author of Rise of the Robots: Technology and the Threat of a Jobless Future, explains the jobs that are most at risk are those which “are on some level routine, repetitive and predictable”.

Telemarketing, for example, which is highly routine, has a 99% probability of automation according to The Future of Employment report; you may have already noticed an increase in irritating robocalls. Tax preparation, which involves systematically processing large amounts of predictable data, also faces a 99% chance of being automated. Indeed, technology has already started doing our taxes: H&R Block, one of America’s largest tax preparation providers, is now using Watson, IBM’s artificial intelligence platform.

Robots will also take over the more repetitive tasks in professions such as law, with paralegals and legal assistants facing a 94% probability of having their jobs computerized. According to a recent report by Deloitte, more than 100,000 jobs in the legal sector have a high chance of being automated in the next 20 years.

Fast food cooks also face an 81% probability of having their jobs replaced by robots like Flippy, an AI-powered kitchen assistant which is already flipping burgers in a number of CaliBurger restaurants.

Wait! What jobs will be safe from robots?

Ford, the futurist, classifies resilient jobs in three areas.

The first is jobs that involve “genuine creativity, such as being an artist, being a scientist, developing a new business strategy”. Ford notes: “For now, humans are still best at creativity but there’s a caveat there. I can’t guarantee you that in 20 years a computer won’t be the most creative entity on the planet. There are already computers that can paint original works of art. So, in 20 years who knows how far it’s going to go?”

The second area is occupations that involve building complex relationships with people: nurses, for example, or a business role that requires you to build close relationships with clients.

The third area is jobs that are highly unpredictable – for example, if you’re a plumber who is called out to emergencies in different locations.

You can see these parameters at play in the jobs The Future of Employment identifies as least at risk of automation, which include recreational therapists, first-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, repairers, occupational therapists and healthcare social workers.

While being in a creative or people-focused industry may keep your job safe for the next 10 years or so, it’s very hard to predict what will happen 20 years into the future. Indeed, Susskind stresses that we should be wary of downplaying just how much computers might change the working world.

She says she believes that the 2020s are going to be a decade not of unemployment, but of redeployment. Beyond that, however, the picture is far less clear: “I don’t think anyone can do long-term career planning with any confidence.” As Susskind notes, “we make assumptions about the indispensability of human beings”, but machines are already doing things we thought only humans might be able to. They’re composing original music, for example, and beating professional players at complex board games with creative moves.

They’re even helping us with our relationships with God. While the clergy only has a 0.81% probability of automation, according to data from The Future of Jobs, Susskind believes even algorithms might one day replace the ordained. As he notes, there are already apps like Confession which offer “drop-down menus for tracking sin”.

Machines are already doing things we thought only humans might be able to: composing original music, for example

While we’ve been doing a lot of robot-bashing, it should be noted that automation isn’t the only phenomenon having an impact on the job market. Saadia Zahidi, head of the education, gender and work system initiative at the World Economic Forum (WEF), says that we “shouldn’t forget that there are other drivers of change”.

A 2016 WEF report identified such drivers as climate change, the rise of the middle class in many emerging markets, aging populations in certain parts of Europe and East Asia, and the changing aspirations of women as factors that will have significant impacts on jobs. “It’s really the coming together of these various drivers of change that then leads to disruptions in the labor market,” Zahidi notes.

The report warns that we’re going to see significant ramifications from automation very soon. Zahidi explains: “The next three years will be a period of flux and a period of relatively higher losses than gains. This is not meant to be alarmist in the sense that there will be heavy job losses. But if we do nothing then this will be where we end up.”

Automation may also exacerbate gender inequality, Zahidi says. Women don’t make up a large proportion of people who are going into science, technology, engineering and math (Stem) and IT fields, which are likely to be the areas in which jobs will grow. On the other hand, Zahidi notes, there do tend to be more women in care-related professions, such as healthcare and education, which are at a lower risk of automation.

In the long run, women may actually end up faring better from technological change. A recent PricewaterhouseCoopers report found that a higher proportion of male than female jobs are at risk of automation, especially those of men with lower levels of education.

12 jobs that robots (AI) will replace in the future, and 12 that won’t

Last updated on October 5, 2021

Artificial intelligence has become a buzzword that has permeated all our lives. AI and automation are transforming how businesses communicate with their clients and execute their operations. The transformation in the industry has also led to a change in skills requirements.

As a result, “34% of HR leaders invest in workforce learning and reskilling as part of their strategy to prepare for the future of work.”

These technologies have brought numerous benefits such as:

But they have also changed the way we view human workers now.

In an interview with the New York Times, the tech avantgarde Elon Musk said that artificial intelligence would take over humans in the next five years.

In this blog, we shall discuss which jobs AI or robots may take over in the future.
But first, let’s discuss what these terms mean:

1. What is AI?

Artificial intelligence or AI simulates human intellect to machines. AI-enabled machines are capable of performing specific tasks better than humans and mimic human actions. There are four types of AI:

2. What is Machine Learning?

Machine Learning is a discipline within artificial intelligence where systems can learn from past data, identify patterns, detect anomalies, and make decisions with minimal human intervention. Once the system has learned from the past data, it can provide an inference based on the new input parameters.

There are primarily three different types of machine learning, namely:

2.1 Supervised Learning

Learning takes place from the training dataset under supervision. The input and output data are known for the training data, and the learning process establishes a relationship between them.

2.2 Unsupervised Learning

The corresponding output variables for a set of input variables are not established in unsupervised learning. Algorithms such as clustering and association are designed to model the data’s underlying structure or distribution to learn more about them.

2.3 Reinforced Learning

Reinforcement learning employs trial and error methods to come up with a solution and gets either rewards or penalties for the actions it performs. Reinforcement learning is the most effective way to hint at a machine’s creativity.

3. What is a robot?

A robot is a machine that is capable of carrying out specific tasks automatically. It can replicate human efforts and provide better outcomes.

There are five types of robots:

4. What is an AI-enabled robot?

Reinforcement learning principles apply to AI-enabled robots. It enables a robot to autonomously discover an optimal behavior through trial-and-error interactions with its environment. Solving complex problems using this approach allows AI-enabled robots to take over repetitive tasks from human beings.

AI-enabled robots can navigate, sense and monitor their actions through computerized vision. These robots can learn on their own and calculate their reactions accordingly.

The manufacturing factories use AI-enabled robots. The following are some of the fields where AI-enabled robots are used:

5. What is Robotic Process Automation (RPA)?

Robotic Process Automation (RPA) allows the robot to integrate with human interactions and execute business processes just like humans. RPA enables the robots to manipulate business applications, interpret and communicate with systems to automate repetitive tasks.

RPA robots can operate tasks nonstop and at a much faster rate than humans. Their precision and reliability are unparalleled.

Most organizations are implementing AI and other technological advancements in many areas, starting from manufacturing to customer management. The introduction of technology has made some rapid changes in the way we work. And ideally, automation will lead to some significant changes, to the extent of AI replacing jobs.

However, the primary question remains,

6. Will robots take our jobs?

It is probably not an easy answer to provide, but the concern is far from being baseless.
Even if the change is not imminent right now, industry experts such as Fortune have stated that “robots will replace 40% of jobs in the next 15 years”.

AI and advanced technology expect that processes will become smarter, and machines will be more humanized in the long run. However, the problem is that it may also make a few jobs redundant.

According to the World Intelligence Congress, AI, virtual personal assistants, and chatbots will replace almost 69% of the manager’s workload by 2024.

When technology and computers were introduced, they showed improvements in productivity, global reach, and faster communication across the world. Computers have reduced or eliminated paperwork to a great extent, for one. IT and software have enhanced our problem-solving, reasoning, knowledge, learning, and planning qualities.

But do you think robots are taking over your job as well? It may be hard to predict the exact impact that AI will have on specific assignments. Mechanization and technology have had some effect on particular professions. Similarly, AI might also have that impact.

Let’s look at some of the professions that may be deemed redundant in the future and why.

7. 12 jobs that robots will replace in the future

Based on the nature and type of these jobs, here is a rundown of the jobs that AI machines are most likely to perform in the future:

1. Customer service executives

Customer service executives don’t require a high level of social or emotional intelligence to perform. Many companies now rely on AI to answer FAQs and customer support questions. Chatbots are not only becoming a significant part of customer interaction. They also support a lot of internal queries, among others.

2. Bookkeeping and data entry

There is a chance you may not have heard of bookkeeping as a profession in a long time. Instead of using humans for data entry and bookkeeping, it makes sense for AI and ML (Machine Learning) to be introduced in the product cycle.

3. Receptionists

And with auto check-ins in both large and small hotels, there will be a lesser need for receptionists in the long run. Nowadays, even in fast food joints, people can place orders through communication screens or tabs. With AI’s introduction, there is a good chance that robots can handle ordering and other related functions.

4. Proofreading

While editing is a more complex job in terms of tonality, comprehension, and others, proofreading is much simpler. Detecting grammatical mistakes, sentence construction, and other errors can easily be automated through different apps. For example, Grammarly is one of the most famous apps that professionals use for this purpose.

5. Manufacturing and pharmaceutical work

This sector is probably the most extensive area where people are scared that AI will take over jobs. When the production process for most commodities produced today has been mechanized, the operational aspect can also be handled by AI.

Even in pharmaceutical labs, robots can work together with scientists providing a much safer environment. Scientists will no longer be putting their lives less at risk.

6. Retail services

Automated services have replaced people who carry out the way sales. From several merchants focussing on self-ordering and payment options, AI can very quickly be involved as well.

Robots are replacing retailer jobs in many shopping conglomerates to understand customers’ patterns. Moreover, the advanced data analysis of AI machines shows other products that customers might be interested in in the future.

7. Courier services

AI has introduced many social and economic changes to the delivery industry. It has streamlined various logistics and supply chain functions. Drones and robots are already taking over courier services. Aside from the manufacturing industry, the transport sectors will be most affected when robotic automation booms in the future years.

8. Doctors

We are already witnessing robot-surgeons perform critical operations worldwide, and it’s only a matter of time before they completely replace us. Robotic doctors will make more accurate and effective treatments for the patients compared to their human counterparts. There is also less chance of infection due to more sterile measures and no room for human error.

9. Soldiers

Military professionals are sure that future battlefields will consist of robots that can follow orders without constant supervision. Robots are significantly being used in military operations for various tasks such as surveillance, intelligence, and many more.

Recently, the head of the UK military stated that “autonomous robots could soon form a quarter of the British army by 2030.”

10. Taxi and bus drivers

There is a 98% chance that this sector will be completely automated. Self-driving cars are already here, and it won’t be long before fully autonomous vehicles take over us.
As per the Los Angeles Times, self-driving trucks could replace 1.7 million American truckers in the next ten years.

11. Market research analysts

Research analysts are crucial for every organization. They conduct market research to increase the performance of their business. AI-enabled robots are gaining popularity in this sector because of the comprehensive data that they provide.

12. Security guards

AI has made substantial advancements in the field of physical security. For example, Yelp’s security robot can inspect a building with its high-definition camera. It also has a directional mic and infrared sensor that can detect any suspicious activity. There is an 84% chance that AI will fully automate this sector in the future.

With an increasing dependency on technology for these functions, human involvement will be redundant for future jobs. But does the future look that bleak for everyone who has a job?

8. 12 jobs that AI can’t replace

Human creativity knows no limits. Strategic thinking, thought leadership, conflict resolution and negotiation, emotional intelligence, and empathy are qualities in jobs that AI cannot replace at any point in time.

Following are some of the professions which would stand the test of time:

1. Human resource managers

A company’s Human Resources department will always need a human to manage interpersonal conflict. Humans possess non-cognitive and reasoning skills. Robots cannot understand human emotions; hence this job won’t be replaced by robots soon.

This sector will grow 9% by 2024. The likelihood that robots will take over this sector is 0.55%.

2. Writers

Writers have to ideate and produce original written content. Every piece of writing is unique. Machines can never personalize the way humans do. They cannot relate to other humans. Writers need to have creativity and empathy, which AI won’t be replacing soon.

AIs can do some of this with pre-programming, but robots can never take over the creative side.

3. Lawyers

Being a lawyer implies being smart enough to bend the rules in your favor. A robot will never know the precise point to hit the opposite party with the right argument. Robots cannot have the emotional intelligence to persuade people. A robot cannot reason with another human being.

However, robots can help in terms of processing evidence.

4. Chief executives

Chief executives have to look after a broad spectrum of operations. They need to motivate vast teams of people working for them. Every leader is integrated with a myriad of leadership skills. There is no absolute formula for being the best leader and no fundamental algorithm to teach the machines.

Robots cannot understand a person’s feelings or state of mind and cannot replace this job.

5. Scientists

There is a lot more to a scientist than just performing wet-lab experiments. The countless hours in research, the curious trait to invent cannot be replicated by any possible machine. Robots can help analyze data for scientists, but robots cannot develop or be very creative.

6. Clergyman

A clergy needs to have the power to guide and preach to his audience. He should have empathy, emotion, and faith to inspire other people. One cannot teach a robot to instill confidence in other human beings.

But it would be amusing to see an AI-enabled priest in the future.

7. Psychiatrists

Even the best scientists and doctors in the world do not understand completely how a human brain is wired. To connect to every individual, it takes extreme empathy and compassion. Robots can never understand the human mind. Robots cannot express feelings or have compassion for others.

So it is quite impossible to have a robot psychiatrist in the foreseeable future.

8. Event planners

Planners have to coordinate and negotiate with other people to make things come together. Event planning needs creativity and coordination. Do you think a machine can ever have coordination and organizational skills? Certainly not. Thus, this job is unlikely to be taken over by robots.

9. Graphic designers

Graphic design is both artistic and technical. It takes an immense sense of understanding to comprehend what your client wants. Every consumer’s requirements are unique, and a machine cannot possibly do so. Like writing, it has to be original and created as per the requirements.

Robots can never have these skills or the creativity required to operate.

10. Public relations managers

PR managers need to rely on a network of relationships and contacts to create buzz for the clients. They have to raise awareness around an issue and raise funds. PR managers should have a connection with people to make them participate in the campaign. This requirement makes it a safe position for humans in the future.

11. Software developers

Software development is hard enough for even human beings to do. It requires a tremendous amount of time and skill investment to create applications or software. Since different clients have different demands, the product has to be customized and perfect. It will be hard for AI to replicate the work and make it responsive.

12. Project managers

The project manager is responsible for leading the project from start to finish. They must keep constant communication with all others on the project and are required to be on-call at all times. AI can help project managers to a great extent. It will lead to increased project success rates. But it is improbable that AI will replace project managers. On the other side, activities where the schedules are continually changing, and there is no exact pattern, robots will not be able to master.

9. Will robots replace humans?

Robots today are continually being developed and are learning and adapting to their environment. To some extent, there will be a significant impact of artificial intelligence on employment. But, one should also remember that empathy, cognitive thinking, and emotional intelligence are traits that make humans unique and irreplaceable.

Some customers prefer to talk to human representatives when they have a problem, and AI can never take that.

Overall, AI has a great future and will be one of the essential tools for organizations in the future. It is unlikely that even the best of robots would replicate a human being’s warmth and understanding.

So the question: “Will they replace humans altogether?” cannot be answered.

10. Future-proofing the jobs

When computers were introduced to help business processes, many people were skeptical that there would be severe job losses. However, it became part of everyday life, and new categories of jobs emerged. The workforce, however, needed to reskill and adapt to a different style of working.

Artificial Intelligence is expected to bring a similar kind of revolution in the technology field. As a result, the future workforce will be required to go through a similar transformation. There will be changes in the old way of doing things, and a new employment source will be made available.

AI-enabled Robots will efficiently execute all the repetitive, well-structured, and mechanical tasks. Most of the analytical work which requires critical thinking cannot be taken up by machines. Human resources will, however, be required to upgrade their skill periodically and stay relevant.

11. Saviom Solution

SAVIOM has over 20 years of experience helping multinational clients manage their resources efficiently and effectively. With over 20 years of experience, this Australian-based MNC has a global presence across 50 countries and has helped 100+ clients meet their specific business goals. Saviom also provides tools for project portfolio management, professional service automation, and workforce planning software. So, SAVIOM can help your business to establish an efficient system geared towards your specific business challenges.

Переводы текстов Enjoy English 10 класс Unit 3 Section 4

93 Посмотрите на фотографии и скажите, что вы думаете, они изображают. Составьте список того, для чего эти вещи могут быть использованы.
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94 Прочитайте текст и проверьте, правильно ли вы догадались.

Какую роль будут иметь роботы в нашем будущем? Только ли они будут более функциональными, или они также будут нашими личными
компаньонами? Программисты из Японии и США теперь полагают, что роботы будут друзьями и помощниками как C-3PO и R2-D2 из фильма «звездные войны». Хелен Грайнер, компании «Робот», говорит, что они полезны для рабочих мест, которые «унылы, грязны, и опасны».
Другие полагают, что роботы однажды будут частью повседневной жизни. Катсуми Муто из Sony считает, что пожилым японцам, возможно, понадобились бы механические сиделки. Его компания создала Айбо, собаку робота, и Кюрио гуманоид, который может идти и воспроизводить музыку. Такие роботы, как эти, помогут сделать жизни людей легче, наводя порядок в доме или доставляя почту, но они не будут требовать столько заботы, как домашнее животное.
Ученые видят, что в следующем шаге будут делать роботов, которые смогут чувствовать и показывать эмоции. Массачусетский технологический институт построил робота, которого зовут Кисмет, он может перемещать глаза и показывать выражения эмоций. Однажды, люди, вероятно, примут роботов в повседневную жизнь, как помощников и компаньонов и как домашнюю собаку, которую они будут любить.
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95 Прочитайте текст снова и ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1 Как роботов предполагается использовать в будущем? Добавьте некоторые идеи из упр. 93, чтобы завершить свой ответ.
2 Почему роботы лучшие спутники, чем собаки, в соответствии с текстом?
3 Почему люди с нетерпением ждут того времени, когда роботы будут приняты в повседневную жизнь?
4 Хотели бы вы иметь робота компаньона? Почему? / Почему нет?
5 Как могут роботы быть наиболее полезны в повседневной жизни? Почему вы так думаете?
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97 Ответьте на эти вопросы о себе. Затем поработайте в парах и обсудите ваши ответы. Сколько вещей у вас общих? Сколько различий?
1 Что ты делаешь сегодня вечером?
2 Что ты делаешь завтра вечером?
3 Что ты делаешь в выходные?
4 Что ты собираешься делать в свободное время в субботу?
5 Что ты собираешься делать в ближайшие три года?
6 Где вы думаете, вы будете в это время завтра?
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99 Прослушайте объявления, ответьте на следующие вопросы.
1 С каким существом в объявлении сравнивается робот? Почему?
2 Насколько полезен этот робот может быть? Что он может делать?
3 Как реагировать на то, если он замечает что-то необычное в поведении человека?
4 Для каких групп людей этот робот может быть полезным?
Текст аудиозаписи:
Когда вы впервые увидите это маленькое механическое творение, возможно, вы подумаете об известных роботах из Звездных Воинов или Спилберге. Но Вакамару это новое устройство, разработанное и сконструированное в Японии, получившее свое название от молодого японского воина. Наблюдая за Вакамару вы придете к понимаю того, как может выглядеть жизнь в будущем.
Вакамару не только дружелюбен к людям, но также полезен для жизни в доме. Устройство может распознавать 2х хозяинов (как родителей) и до 8ми других людей. И он даже может с вами разговаривать! Вакамару знает приблизительно 10.000 слов и может быстро вам ответить. Он может понимать разговор и может реагировать соответственно ситуации.
Что еще. Вакамару помнит о вашем расписании и может предупредить вас, когда что-то необычное случается. Например, когда кто-то пытается войти в дом в необычное время Вакамару издаст громкие звуки. Если ничего не произойдет после определенного периода времени, он отправит сообщение, информирующее вас или даже полицию.

Вакамару может также выступать как заботящийся член семьи. Он близко придвигается к людям, когда говорит с ними, и он может напомнить им о том, что необходимо принять лекарства или договорится о встрече. Более того, он может задавать людям относящиеся к здоровью вопросы и получать ответы посредством электронной почты. Но вероятно, наиболее важное умение Вакамару заключается в том факте, что он может определить необычное поведение человека и среагировать на это. Он сделает все, что бы узнать, что случилось и затем предпримет шаги, что бы помочь уладить проблему. Например, если вы не просыпаетесь вовремя утром, он проверит вас и поможет, если необходимо. Этот дружелюбный робот действительно может сделать вашу жизнь более удобной и спокойной.
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100 Прослушайте снова и заполните пробелы в резюме. Используйте вашу рабочую тетрадь.
Примечание: Вы не должны использовать точно такие же слова, которые вы слышите на записи.
1. Вакамару это робот, разработанный в Японии.
2. Он назван в честь молодого японского воина.
3. Он доброжелателен к людям и полезен для вашей жизни дома.
4. Вакамару в состоянии говорить с людьми и задавать вопросы / и отправлять электронную почту /сообщения
5. Важно, что он может определить необычное поведение у людей.
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101 Работайте в парах. Обсудите преимущества и недостатки по содержанию такого рода робота в вашем доме. Сообщите классу ваши различные аргументы.
Используйте:
умный маленький требует ухода
часть повседневной жизни
невероятные возможности ближе к реальности
высокоэффективный инструмент
способны помочь / перемещать / открывать / реагировать /
держать глаз на.
могут быть использованы для / как.
может быть оснащен.
легко / трудно контролировать
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102 Прочитайте текст и ответьте на последующие вопросы.
1 Откуда текст книги взят?
2 Вы читали другие книги такого рода? Каковы ваши впечатления?
3 Кто главные герои?
4 Что необычного в них?
5 Что вы думаете, произойдет в той части истории, которую вы собираетесь прочитать?

104 Работайте в парах. Обсудите каждую позицию, которую вы поддерживаете больше: г-на Уэстона или миссис Вестон. Развейте свои аргументы и представьте их классу.
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105 Работайте в группах по 3-4 человека и обсудите следующие вопросы. Перечислите аргументы, которые поддерживают ваше мнение.
• роботы / компьютеры / технологические устройства могут быть опасны?
• Какие угрозы они представляют?
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106 Работайте в группах. Разработайте новые модели робота. Задайте друг другу следующие вопросы:
1 Почему робот так необходим?
2 Где он может использоваться?
3 Когда должен использоваться?
4 Кто может извлечь выгоду от его использования?
5 Как он должен выглядеть?
6 Как он будет работать?
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107 В своей группе презентуйте вашего робота классу. Выполните следующие действия:
а) Нарисуйте или подготовьте плакат робота вашей группы.
b) Дайте вашему роботу имя.
c) Объясните, как работает ваш робот.
d) Объясните, для чего ваш робот может быть использован.
e) Выслушайте презентации других групп и примите решение, какая конструкция лучшая в классе.
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When you first see this small mechanical creature, you might think of the famous robots from Star Wars or Spielberg’s Л1. But Wakamaru is a new device designed and constructed in Japan that got its name from a young Japanese warrior. Watching Wakamaru will give you an idea of what our life in the future might look like.
Wakamaru is not only friendly to people but it is also useful for your life at home. The device can recognise two owners (like parents) and up to eight other people. And it can even talk to you! Wakamaru knows approximately 10,000 words and can answer you quickly. It can understand a conversation and can react appropriately to any situation.
What is more. Wakamaru remembers your schedule and can alert you when something unusual happens. For example, when someone tries to enter the house at an unusual time. Wakamaru will make a loud sound. If nothing happens after a period of time, it will send a message informing you or even the police.
Wakamaru can also act as a caring family member. It moves close to people when it speaks to them, and it can remind them to take their medicines or make an appointment. Moreover, it can ask people health-related questions and get the answers for them via e-mail. But probably Wakamaru’s most important ability is the fact that it can determine unusual human behaviour and react to it. It will do everything to find out what is wrong and will then take steps to help fix the problem. For example, if you don’t wake up on time in the morning, it will go in to check up on you and help you if necessary. This friendly robot can truly make your life more comfortable and peaceful.

Future robots
What role will robots have in our future? Will they only be functional, or will they be our personal companions? Computer scientists in Japan and the USA now believe that robots will be friends and helpers like C-3PO and R2-D2 in the film Star Wars [CG], Helen Greiner, of the company Robot, says they are good for jobs that are “dull, dirty, and dangerous”.

Others believe robots will some day be a part of everyday life. Katsumi Muto of Sony thinks that elderly Japanese people might need mechanical carers. His company has developed Aibo, a robot dog, and Qrio a humanoid, which can walk and play music. Robots like this will help make peoples lives easier, by cleaning the house or delivering the mail, but they will not require care like the family pet.
Scientists see the next step is making robots that can feel and show emotion. The Massachusetts Institute of Technology has built a robot called Kismet, which can move its eyes and show’ emotional expressions. One day, people are likely to accept robots into daily life, as helpers and companions like the family dog, which they can love.
Isaac Asimov, 1920-1992, a US scientist and writer, born in Russia, and best known for writing science fiction (stories about life in the future and imaginary developments in science)
You are going to read a part of a story taken from the book I, Robot by Isaac Asimov. Robot Robbie is the nanny of a girl, Gloria. Huge Robbie and the little girl enjoy spending time together. They have a lot of things they like to do. Gloria invents funny and thrilling games that would not be as exciting without her friend, and Robbie likes listening to her amusing stories for hours. Even when Gloria tells him well-known fairy tales, it makes him feel delighted and he wants to listen to her stories again and again. He even agrees to be «a big silver air-coaster» for Gloria when she promises to tell him the story of Cinderella again. They have become very close friends and seem to understand each other very well. Gloria enjoys Robbie’s company and the robot seems to be a very caring nanny for the girl.
(. ) Mrs Weston waited patiently for two minutes, then impatiently for two more, and finally broke the silence.
“George!”
“Hmpph?”
“George, I say! Will you put down that paper and look at me?”
The paper rustled to the floor and Weston turned a weary face toward his wife. “What is it, dear?”
“You know what it is, George. It’s Gloria and that terrible machine.”
“What terrible machine?”
“Now don’t pretend you don’t know what I’m talking about. It’s that robot Gloria calls Robbie. He doesn’t leave her for a moment.”
“Well, why should he? He’s not supposed to. And he certainly isn’t a terrible machine. He’s the best darn robot money can buy and I’m damned sure he set me back half a year’s income. He’s worth it, though darn sight cleverer than half my office staff?’
He made a move to pick up the paper again, but his wife was quicker and snatched it away.
“You listen to me, George. I won’t have my daughter entrusted to a machine — and I don’t care how clever it is. It has no soul, and no one knows what it may be thinking. A child just isn’t made to be guarded a thing of metal.” (. )

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